Abstract
This paper examines how electronically-monitored home confinement (EMHC) is a process used as an alternative to jail or prison and how it is usually instated as a condition or alternative method of probation or parole. It looks at how electronically-monitored home confinement uses modern technology to make sure that offenders ares following the rules stated when they were released from custody and how, since their development in the mid 1960s, the EMHC programs have grown quickly across the United States.

Outline
History
Offenders
Conditions
Devices
Legality
Pros
Cons

From the Paper
"From its early beginnings till around 1987 most of the people being used for the EMHC program were the first offenders or people found guilty only of non-violent crimes such as the major traffic offences and property offences which made them considered "less risky offenders" or not to be considered a threat to society. Even though they were of lesser crimes they were still considered to be in need of supervision. Since 1988, EMHC has started to be used for the monitoring or house arrest of offenders of more serious crimes such as: theft, burglary, criminal conspiracy, and drug trafficking. Electronically monitored home confinement has also grown to include more uses besides probationers and parolees growing to include juvenile offenders, offenders released from institutional and correctional facilities, and even higher risk offenders such as people awaiting trial for offences including homicide."

Tags:probation, parole, crime, offender

Abstract
This paper examines how the practice of confining a prisoner to a state prison offering only the most minimal of human contact remains as controversial as it is well-established. It looks at the history of the practice and analyzes how the reasoning behind the action often is described as being proactive but whether to protect the prisoner from harm at the hands of other inmates or to minimize his own potential for harming others, it cannot be denied that the step also represents a profound form of punishment. It puts forward the argument of how a nation which proudly bears the banner of "human rights" when negotiating with other countries can continue to exercise an activity which, in the minds of many, is a very real form of psychological torture.

Outline
Introduction (Posing the Question)
Super-Max Prisons (Defining the Activity)
The Residents (Those Who Live In Solitary Confinement)
Cruel and Unusual? (Can We Afford to Continue?)

From the Paper
"The effectiveness of solitary confinement promoted its widespread use throughout the following centuries within the borders of the United States. There were occasional variations of the theme, such as in the early existence of the very famous Alcatraz Prison, where prisoners were allowed to physically associate but were strictly forbidden to speak to one another. But in general, the original blueprint remained the most widely-utilized model while evolving toward the exaggeration of the concept, the "Super-Max" prisons. "

Tags:psychological, torture, human, rights

Abstract
In this paper, the writer explains that she disagrees with the two conclusions of S. Walker in his text "Sense and Nonsense about Crime and Drugs" about criminal justice policy. First, the paper argues, in contrast to Walker's belief, that home confinement and electronic monitoring will help reduce crimes especially for less serious offenders who are not considered a flight risk and for sex offenders. Then, the paper, in agreement with Walker, contends that the exclusionary rule should not be repealed or modified; however, the courts need to take a second look at two associated doctrines called the "plain view doctrine" and the "fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine".

Table of Contents:
Home Confinement and Electronic Monitoring Will Not Reduce Crime
Repeal or Modification of the Exclusionary Rule Will Not Help the Police Reduce Serious Crime
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Some people believe that a law requiring the registration and electronic monitoring of sexual offenders is additional punishment when these criminals have served their time, and should be left alone. These laws brand sexual offenders and subject them to scorn and outrage. On the other hand, these predators prey on our children, our most vulnerable citizens, and cause devastating lifetime damage. The high rate of recidivism of these offenders requires sexual offender registration and monitoring to give people some peace of mind in an attempt to protect their children."

Tags:overcrowding, cheaper, registration, searches, police

Abstract
The paper analyzes the Oscar-winning film American Beauty (1999), which presents a complex vision of gender relations in contemporary American suburbia. Through a critical evaluation of the film with reference to scholarly work on the geography of gender, this paper demonstrates the radical degree to which American Beauty visualizes feminine confinement and control, while showing pathological feminine power in suburban space. The paper further analyzes how the perception of confinement may seem unusual in a film such as American Beauty whose cinematography at various points - such as the opening - emphasize the wide expanses of suburban life.

Tags:women, film, geography

Abstract
The paper refers to Deepa Mehta's 2005 film, "Water", and points out the examples of enculturation and socialization, as well as collectivism, as forces enabling the confinement of Hindu widows in a home at Varanasi in the late 1930s. The paper discusses personality, culture and acceptance, the importance of not deviating from dharma involving one's family and caste and the second class status of women. The paper addresses ethics of obedience, compliance, and the abject abuse of women's dignity due to a false concept of religion.

From the Paper
"Cross-cultural psychology deals with differences of world view as well as in moral systems that a student must learn to explore rather than simply reject. Deepa Mehta's film, "Water", depicts a common practice in India well into the 20th century of placing widows who might be little more than children in charitable homes for widows as in Mehta's example of a facility in the holy city of Varanasi about 1932. (2005) Orthodox Hindus then saw marriage as divinely organized, a girl whose husband died, even before her formal marriage, a person without status who could not remarry,..."

Tags:mehta, water (2005), enc/collectivism

Abstract
This essay will argue the thesis that the depiction of confinement and hypocrisy in small town life in "As for Me and My Town" reflects as much the character of the narrator as an "objective" view of small town life in general. As will be seen, through this subtle way, the author both creates setting and character at the same time.

Abstract
The paper explores how solitary confinement proves a challenge to the author and poet May Sarton, as well as the protagonist Chuck Noland of "Castaway," the 2000 film based upon the real-life experiences of a FedEx employee tragically stranded on a desert island. The paper examines the profoundly different responses of the two characters to solitude. The paper explains that Noland is a man trapped against his will on an island with only a volleyball, while Sarton has recourse to friends and simply chooses to live alone, in relatively comfortable circumstances.

From the Paper
"Both works suggest that human beings are fundamentally social animals to some degree, and need companionship as a way of remaining mentally stable, emotionally centered, and sane. However, because Sarton's solitude is occasionally broken with some visits from other people, it does not have the soul-destroying character that Noland's solitude has. Because Sarton's solitude is chosen, she can take delight in the spiritual rewards provided by a life apart from the hustle, bustle, and time constraints of the rest of the social world. And perhaps most importantly of all, even though Hanks learns a great deal during his time on the island, because Sarton embarked upon her solitary life with a purpose, to pursue a fruitful writing career and to avoid the distractions of too much society, she enjoys her time alone"

Tags:loneliness, companionship, island, society

Abstract
The paper discusses the statistics of worker deaths where 60% of these are deaths of would-be rescuers. The paper explains that the lack of established rescue procedures and the workers failing to follow technical data provided are among the causes of the fatalities. The paper therefore presents a manual that discusses entry, confined space entry, entry permit, enclosed area, hazards and safe entry. The manual contains an emergency response plan and roles, ten requirements for fuel systems confined space, guidelines for fuel systems safety and an occupational, physical and respiratory protection program.

Outline:
Introduction
Entry, Confined Space Entry, Entry Permit
Enclosed Area, Oxygen Deficient Atmosphere, Safe Entry
The Entry Chief, Entrant, Attendant, Runner and Monitor
Requirements for Training
Maintenance Requirements
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Entry is any act, which results in any part of an employee's body breaching the plane of the opening of a confined space or enclosed area (Porter). It includes any ensuing work in a confined space or enclosed area. Entry into a fuel tank can be in the form of fuel leaks, structural problems, fuel quantity problems, or NDI inspections (Porter)."
"A confined space is one that is large enough for a body to enter, has limited means for entry or exit, and is not designed for continuous occupancy (Porter). A confined space must meet all these three conditions in order to be considered a confined space. All aircraft fuel tanks are considered "permit-required" confined spaces, according to T.O 1-1-3. Center-wing dry bay will be tested with 514 Bacharach before entry for inspection or fuel maintenance (Porter)."

Tags:protection, safety, occupational, physical, respiratory

Abstract
This paper explores the policies that the Juvenile Justice System has created to deal with juvenile offenders, in order to assess whether there is indeed an inherent propensity within the criminal justice system to sentence young minority offenders to correctional institutions in comparable crimes committed by white majority offenders.

From the Paper
"Juvenile Justice System
Introduction
This research paper summarizes the principal features of the juvenile justice system in the United States and comments on some major issues facing it. The juvenile justice system involves all the parties involved in dealing with the juvenile, parents and surrogate parents, schools, the police and prosecutors, probation departments, the courts, correctional institutions and a variety of community and social agencies which deal with the juvenile after he or she comes into contact with the law.
Origins and Broad Trends
Judge L. P. Edwards (1992) explained:
Established in the later nineteenth century, the juvenile court was for some a humanitarian institution intended to..."