Abstract
This writer relates that he is concerned about what he has been reading and hearing about the British colonies uniting into a Confederation. The writer further relates that his concern is not that a federation will be a reality soon, but that it will not. The writer asserts that this would be extremely beneficial to Upper and Lower Canada by creating economic growth and stability in one united nation, but he believe that even as a Confederation, Canada should not cut ties to Britain. The writer posits that this possible Confederation would make each British colony united to assist one another in times of need; for instance, the railway network is like a skeleton with incomplete passages.

From the Paper
"Dear Editor: I am concerned about what I have been reading and hearing about the British colonies uniting into a Confederation. Uniting each of these colonies would create one strong Dominion of Canada. My concern is not that a federation will be a reality soon, but that it will not. I believe this would be extremely beneficial to Upper and Lower Canada by creating..."

Tags:canada, confederation, dominion

Abstract
The paper discusses how in places like Nova Scotia, the Red River Colony, Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, people rose up against the idea of Confederation because they believed that central Canada did not have their best interests at heart; to wit, the maritime provinces had a yearning to strengthen ties with Great Britain while the Metis were outraged by the manner in which their land was being taken out from under them by unrepresentative representatives and by federal government officials. The paper notes that as for native Canadians, it seems as though misunderstandings about the government's intentions sparked suspicion - though this suspicion would not actually explode into wide-spread outrage until the 1960s. The paper clearly demonstrates how confederation was opposed by those troubled by what the center had in mind for the peripheries.

From the Paper
"The following paper will look at the various causes of the opposition to Canadian Confederation in the 1860s and beyond. Specifically, in places like Nova Scotia, the Red River Colony, Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island, people rose up against the idea of Confederation because they believed that central Canada did not have their best interests at heart; to wit, the maritime provinces had a yearning to strengthen ties with Great Britain while the Metis were outraged by the manner in which their land was being taken out from under them by unrepresentative..."

Tags:confederation, canada, history

Abstract
The paper relates that pre-confederation British North America was a land of opportunity, but it was also a land of hardship and uncertainty. The paper explains that working hard was no guarantee of prosperity, for Canadian farmers and ranchers could be ruined by events beyond their control such as droughts, crop failures, and livestock disease, while factory workers in the Eastern cities had no job security and could find themselves homeless and starving if they were injured on the job and could not longer work.

From the Paper
"Pre-confederation British North America was a land of opportunity, but it was also a land of hardship and uncertainty. Working hard was no guarantee of prosperity, for Canadian farmers and ranchers could be ruined by events beyond their control such as droughts, crop failures, and livestock disease, while factory workers in the Eastern cities had no job security and could find themselves homeless and starving if they were injured on the job and could not longer work."

Tags:pre, confederation, canada, opportunity

Abstract
There was certainly something intoxicating at the turn of the twentieth century about the prospect of Alberta joining the fledgling Canadian Confederation. For one thing, Alberta would be a part of a federal union wherein it would, theoretically, have some important areas of jurisdiction - over its own resources, for example - and would have some (seemingly) meaningful spending power. To elaborate on the prerogatives the province could reasonably expect to receive, consider for a moment Section 92 of the British North America Act, 1867. Under this section, the province would have the power of direct taxation (within the province); would be able to borrow money on the sole credit of the province; could establish provincial offices and grant tenure for these offices; could manage and sell public lands belonging to it; could grant licenses; and could exercise control over local works and undertakings. That sort of arrangement surely had some appeal for individuals troubled by the prospect of Alberta losing autonomy over local affairs to a distant (almost alien) government in far-away Ontario.

From the Paper
Should Alberta Join Confederation? A Look at both Sides of the Debate There was certainly something intoxicating at the turn of the twentieth century about the prospect of Alberta joining the fledgling Canadian Confederation. For one thing, Alberta would be a part of a federal union wherein it would, theoretically, have some important areas of jurisdiction - over its own resources, for example - and would have some (seemingly) meaningful spending power. To elaborate on the prerogatives the province could reasonably expect to receive, consider for a moment Section 92 of the British North America Act, 1867. Under this section, the province would have the power of direct taxation (within the province); would be

Tags:confederation, debate, alberta

Abstract
This paper explains that, from 1777 to 1787, the United States acted under a set of rules, established under the "Articles of Confederation", which were little more than a loose alliance among the thirteen original states with no real effort to create a strong national government. The author points out that, following the American Revolution, it was apparent that the rights of the government and citizens under the "Articles of Confederation" were insufficient but there was still a substantial desire to limit the powers of government. The paper relates that, although the Constitution was a definite departure from the "Articles of Confederation", many rules regarding the nation remained the same such as the name of the newly founded nation; however, the most significant change was that the Constitution made the election of federal officials direct from the populous where, in the "Articles of Confederation", they were elected by the state legislatures.

From the Paper
"For the United States to remain united, the federalist stance needed to prevail over the states' appeals for self-government. It is important to note that when the United States was conceived of as a single nation, it was essential that the doctrines that held it together cater to the needs of the individual states. After all, they were significantly separated geographically, and had become quite accustomed to instituting and enforcing their own laws. Therefore, the new government of the United States needed to demonstrate to its inhabitant territories that the implementation of this regime was not going to drastically alter their way of life, and neither was it going to establish expansive laws that were contrary to locally held customs or beliefs. Ideologically, this was the foundation for American federalism."

Tags:alliance, central, federalism, populous, debt

Abstract
By the late 1780's many Americans had grown dissatisfied with the Confederation. It was unable to deal effectively with economic problems and weak in the face of Shay's Rebellion. A decade earlier, Americans had deliberately avoided creating a strong national government. Now they reconsidered. The paper shows that in 1787, the nation produced a new constitution and a new, much more powerful government with three independent branches. The government the Constitution produced has survived far more than two centuries as one of the most stable and most successful in the world. The paper discusses how the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution resembled each other in some cases and differed from each other greatly in other aspects.

From the Paper
"There were three important ordinances that were formulated and retained by both the Articles and Constitution. The ordinance of 1784, based on a proposal by Thomas Jefferson, divided the western territory into ten self-governing districts, each of which could petition Congress for statehood when its population equaled the number of free inhabitants of the smallest existing state. The Ordinance of 1785, Congress created a system for surveying and selling the western lands, and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 abandoned the ten districts established in 1784 and created a single Northwest Territory out of the lands north of the Ohio; the territory out of the divided subsequently into between three and five territories. It also specified a population of 60,000 as a minimum for statehood, guaranteed freedom of religion and the right to trial by jury to residents of the Northwest, and prohibited slavery throughout the territory. As a matter of fact, this may have been the ordinance's most important feature. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was the first attempt to ban slavery and outlaw territory."

Tags:Declaration, of, Independence, Thomas, Jefferson, House, of, Representatives

Abstract
This paper recounts the drafting, implementation, amendment, and eventual rejection of the Articles of Confederation. The paper states that its main failure was that it was aimed primarily to prevent usurpation of power by the government, rather than provide for effective governance. A more effective Constitution was drafted as a result, which reduced state sovereignty and allotted greater power to the central government. In summary, the paper contends that the Articles of Confederation reflected the fear of governmental usurpation of power and created a government so powerless it could not function, while the Constitution gave the new government the power it needed to function.

From the Paper
"In Federalist # 51, James Madison argued that the government was structured to preserve liberty. No one branch could hold sway over the others, and judge, appointed by the other branches, would be selected for quality, not popularity. (Federalist # 51) By creating the checks and balances, the government could control public excesses, but could not itself usurp power. The legislature, the most dangerous branch, was the most checked. Meanwhile, the size of the nation would prevent mob rule, because factions would check one another. (Federalist # 51)"

Tags:law, legislation, checks, and, balances, constitutional, convention, chamber, federal, government, congress, legislature, faction, antifederalist, federalist

Abstract
This essay examines whether or not Nova Scotia and New Brunswick were intimidated into joining Confederation against the will of most of their citizens. The paper argues that Confederation was good for the two provinces, and that the leaders ultimately recognized this, but that the electorate had the decision imposed upon it.

Abstract
This paper tries to argue whether the Articles of Confederation are equal to the Declaration of Constitution or not. It clarifies that which class of people the changes affect the most. It concludes by stating that thirty-eight of the remaining forty-one delegates showed their support by signing the proposed Constitution.

Abstract
This paper discusses that the reason why Quebec joined Confederation was because they believed their nationality would be protected within the new Canada.