Abstract
A paper detailing the main character, Ignatius Reilly from the book "A Confederacy of Dunces" by John Kennedy Toole.

Tags:confederacy, of, dunces

Abstract
The paper outlines Wendat-Huron laws/values that are often said to be typical hunter-gatherer conventions. The paper goes on to discuss, however, how Wendats were not strictly hunter-gatherers or sedentary. The paper discusses how they were also a trading people to exercise diplomacy and conflict-avoidance from the bottom of their society to the top of the Confederacy's council. The paper highlights how their values showed insight into which offences were most disturbing to unity and cooperation as in those promoting blood feuds or extreme emotion.

From the Paper
"The early 17th century Wendat-Huron Confederacy is often discussed with reference to the later Iroquois Confederacy that bore similarity in its goals of building agreement while avoiding conflict. Preventing or diffusing disputes became a strong concern, for reasons explained presently, with particular crimes known as foremost causes of upset amongst people as much as between nations. At the most basic level, one sees approaches to prevent prolonged or future conflicts in remedies assigned to persons offended or harmed and their kin. They imply Wendat awareness..."

Tags:wendats, confederacy, origins

Abstract
This paper explains that the Confederacy's loss of the battles of Fort Stedman and of Five Forks led to the capture of Petersburg and Richmond by the Union forces during the Civil War. Next, the author relates that, although Lee's offensive may have been well thought out, it was poorly executed resulting in the Confederate defeat at Fort Stedman, which was a devastating blow to the South. The paper details the Battle of Five Forks, which was fought between General Sheridan on the Union side and General Pickett on the Confederate side, ending in the "Waterloo of the Confederacy" as Lincoln's victory. The paper includes several colored maps of the battles.

From the Paper
"General Warren, who was in charge of the Union's V Corps, took longer than expected in situating his troops. Because of the lull, around three o'clock, General Pickett decided to take up an invitation to a shad bake that was happening no more than a mile away from the lines and failed to inform any of the other senior officers of his departure. During the affair, Pickett and a couple other generals enjoyed their feast and more than likely enjoyed a few glasses of brandy. Around 3:30, Custer and the rest of the cavalry's attack on Pickett's front allowed Sheridan to pinpoint the Confederates strengths and weaknesses and remodel his strategy."

Tags:richmond, petersburg, lee, gordon, sheridan

Abstract
The paper looks at how the book "The Iowa Baseball Confederacy" continues the time honored tradition of superstition and myth by telling a fantastical tale of an Iowa exhibition baseball game played from July 4 to August 12, 1908 between the team called the Iowa Baseball Confederacy and the Chicago Cubs----a game that lasts for an incredible 2,614 innings. The paper relates how the author, W.P. Kinsella, tells the tale through Gideon Clarke, the protagonist who learns about the legendary game from his unusual father, Matthew. The paper describes how Matthew explains to Gideon that no record of the marathon-like game exists because of a great flood of biblical proportions that wiped out all evidence of the game.

From the Paper
"The game of baseball has always had an air of fantasy and mythology wrapped around the players and the game itself. Grown men are paid to play a game as if they are boys, "...Superstitious boys" (Grossfeld, 2007)."

Tags:baseball, superstition, iowa

Abstract
This paper reviews the John Kennedy Toole's novel "A Confederacy of Dunces" and takes a look at the common themes that run through it. Like the central topics during the 1960s when the book was written, racism, sex and religion were portrayed in satirical fashion by Toole in his book which was publish only 11 years after his suicide. The paper introduces the main characters of the book and also describes how the humor in "A Confederacy of Dunces" revolves around a surreal interpretation of reality that ultimately laughs at the way the system has been set up in the United States, when the dunces are in power through the mid-1960s setting.

From the Paper
"Racism, sexism and religion are among the central topics of the 1960's as far as social themes are concerned. The themes are satirically played upon in Confederacy of Dunces; they are portrayed in relative satirical fashion, while implying that the dunces are in control. The bureaucracy is made up of the dunces who operate at an intermediate level of logic and social benefit, and are primarily concerned with shackling and oppressing the geniuses than actually think about something besides their own position in life, or the hierarchical order of the bureaucracy in which we find ourselves entrenched, or fighting against."

Tags:hierarchy, bureaucracy, racism, religion, sexism

Abstract
The paper describes various superstitions associated with baseball via a discussion of W.P. Kinsella's book, "The Iowa Baseball Confederacy". The paper first summarizes Kinsella's book and then goes on to discuss the many superstitions that abound in the game of baseball and explains how the main theme of the "The Iowa Baseball Confederacy" is about these superstitions.

Outline:
Introduction
Baseball and Superstition

From the Paper
"The book The Iowa Baseball Confederacy continues the time honored tradition of superstition and myth by telling a fantastical tale of an Iowa exhibition baseball game played from July 4 to August 12, 1908 between the team called the Iowa Baseball Confederacy and the Chicago Cubs----a game that lasts for an incredible 2,614 innings. The author, W.P. Kinsella, tells the tale through Gideon Clarke, the protagonist who learns about the legendary game from his unusual father, Matthew. Matthew explains to Gideon that no record of the marathon-like game exists because of a great flood of biblical proportions that wiped out all evidence of the game. The flood took with it the Iowa Baseball Confederacy, all of which were lost in a crack in time. All knowledge of the game becomes actualized in Gideon's brain after his father commits suicide at County Stadium in Milwaukee by purposely putting his head in the path of a mean foul line drive. This leads Gideon to discover the crack in time, sending him back to July 4, 1908, where each team is preparing to play the big inning. The Chicago Cub players in the book use retired numbers from actual team members, and President Theodore Roosevelt appears as one of the cameo players, as he strikes out waving a big stick. Another well-known player, Leonardo da Vinci, also appears in the game proclaiming that he, not Abner Doubleday, invented the game of baseball. He states, "Unfortunately....I lived in a nation of bocce players. It took 300 years for baseball to become popular. By that time, my name was no longer associated with it" . Another player, Black Angel of Death, a cemetery statue, plays right field and is able to catch fly balls with her sculpted wings and no glove. Some of the stars on the Iowa Confederacy team include, Shoo Fly, Husk, Frank Pierce, Henry Pulvermacher, and Arsenic O'Reilly, while on the Cubs team players include Chance, Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, and the pitcher Mordecai "Three Finger" Brown Other key characters include an ancient Indian warrior named Drifting Away, whose wife was murdered by White men."

Tags:baseball, superstition, Iowa

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses how Fixico's explanation of "reciprocity" in his book, 'The American Indian Mind in a Linear World', applies to the world of the Iroquois as explained in Daniel K Richter's book, 'The Ordeal of the Longhouse: The peoples of the Iroquois League in the Era of European Colonization', in their relations inside and outside of the Iroquois confederacy. The writer evaluates the outcome of reciprocity by the early 1800s.

From the Paper
"In his book 'The American Indian Mind', Native American author Donald Lee Fixico paints an inspiring but generalized portrait of the idea of reciprocity between fellow Indians, and the ways that Indians conceptualize the past and future as a continuum. However, in many arenas of Native American history, such as that of the Iroquois League, while common ritualistic understanding of time may have united the different clans, economic and political interests could also divide tribes internally as well as create antagonistic relationships with other tribes. The Iroquois were best known "for their ferocity in war; power more than peace characterized their dealings with outsiders'' (Richter 31). There was a paradox amongst the Iroquois in particular: a cultural ideal of internal peace and mutual reciprocity combined with the actual practice of seemingly incessant war against outsiders."

Tags:Indians, kin, group, clans

Abstract
This three-page undergraduate paper identifies and examines the recurring pattern in John Kennedy Toole's novel, A Confederacy of Dunces, and analyzes how it contributes to the importance of the piece.

Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at 'Ignatius Reilly' by John Kennedy Toole and notes that the title of the book refers to a quote by Jonathan Swift about a confederacy of dunces rising against a true genius. The writer maintains that Ignatius is very similar to Don Quixote known as the Man of La Mancha. The writer compares the book with the film to some extent. The writer discusses that it seems that no matter what he attempts, Ignatius cannot fit into society.

From the Paper
"The title of Toole's book refers to a quote by Jonathan Swift about a confederacy of dunces rising against a true genius. Ignatius Reilly is everything that society does not respect or appreciate. He seems to be insane at times and develops the most outrageous ideas for changing the world. Ignatius is very similar to Don Quixote known as the Man of La Mancha. I will compare the book with the film to some extent. It seems that no matter what he attempts, Ignatius cannot fit into society. Ignatius is another Don Quixote since he is over-educated and cannot fit into a society that he despises."

Tags:education, arrogance, roles

Abstract
The paper discusses how the inclusion of slaves in the Union ranks gave the Northern forces the additional manpower they needed to bring a speedier close to the Civil War. The paper explains that for one thing, the existence of these men in the ranks of the Northern forces meant that some of the terrific demand for more bodies at the front was alleviated for the north - whilst the same could surely not be said for the Confederate forces.

From the Paper
"Put simply, the inclusion of slaves in the Union ranks gave the Northern forces the additional manpower they needed to bring a speedier close to the Civil War. For one thing, the existence of these men in the ranks of the Northern forces meant that some of the terrific demand for more bodies at the front was alleviated for the north - whilst the same could surely not be said for the Confederate forces. Perhaps more significantly, however, the African-American regiments - like the First North Carolina Colored Volunteers - fought with surpassing courage and tenacity and..."

Tags:confederacy, civil, war