Abstract
This paper takes a look at "Aiding a Comrade", a painting by Frederic Remington. The paper also gives a brief biographical sketch of Remington.

Abstract
"For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War", by James M. McPherson, addresses the question why U.S. citizens chose to enlist in the Confederate or Union armies, while attacking several other issues, such as slavery, religion, patriotism, and issues of humanity. The paper analyzes the book and shows how the author used documents written by soldiers to get their feelings across, without riddling the book with his own opinions.

From the Paper
"After President Lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation, slavery became an issue for the Union soldiers as well as the South. Most Union soldier had no real concept of what slavery was like until they reached the southern states. "I thought I hated slavery before I came here, but here, where I can see some of its workings, I am more then ever convinced of the cruelty and inhumanity of the system" (118). As the Union armies began to free the slaves, the former slave owners would attempt to recover their lost property, only to be pounced on by the Union soldiers. The freed slaves would often contribute to the day-to-day chores that had to be accomplished such as washing, cooking, and cleaning and this aided the Union soldiers by adding more soldiers to the line to fight."

Tags:Lincoln, conflicts

Abstract
This paper examines the characters of Victor Hugo's "The Hunchback of Notre Dame", Joseph Conrad's "The Secret Agent", and Rosa Luxembourg's personal novella, "Comrade and Lover". These three novels each present a female character that shares similar characteristics with the other female characters. Esmerelda (the gypsy), Winnie Verloc (a revolutionary's wife), and Rosa Luxembourg (a revolutionary), while they provide contrasting circumstances, have striking similarities.

From the Paper
"A gypsy in 19th century Paris who spends her days as an independent performer, entertaining spectators with her dazzling dance moves, Esmerelda earns a meager income that condemns her to a life of poverty. While she is dependent upon herself for survival, her yearning to be in the arms of the dashing Phoebus reveals her dependence on man to complete her "emotional sense of self." Since his rescue of her from the beastly arms of Quasimodo, Esmerelda has shown an infatuation with Phoebes, due in most to his handsomeness. She reveals her love for the shallow Phoebus when she says to Frollo, "I belong to my Phoebus. It is Phoebus whom I love. It is Phoebus who is handsome!" (Hugo, 471). The passion Esmerelda feels for Phoebus is exquisite, however, her choice of object makes it ridiculous. Her inability to look beyond his dashing appearance reveals her naivety and her desire to have a man whom she can depend on."

Tags:criticism, dame, hugo, notre, security, victor

Abstract
This paper compares how both Walt Whitman, in "Poetry and Prose" and James M. McPherson, in "For Cause and Comrades", portray the experiences of soldiers in the Civil War as hell. It looks at McPherson's account of the carnage and Whitman's account of loss and wasted humanity.

From the Paper
"A review of the poetry and prose of Walt Whitman and James M McPherson in Civil War Poetry and Prose and For Cause and Comrades respectively demonstrates that both individuals have one main theme about war. War is hell. In his book .."

Tags:Civil War, heroism, carnage, death, America, poetry, fear

Abstract
This paper explains that these maturation novels are a genre of literature called Bildungsroman, German for "formation novel", in which the main character usually is involved in a crisis and ends up recognizing his role in the world, a process that is usually typical of the maturation of the character throughout the story. The author points out that in these stories the process is an intellectual and moral growth: "The Open Boat", the growth is caused by experience, allowing the correspondent to finally feel the loss of the soldier through his comrade; "Flight", the growth takes place in the journey of a boy too eager to be a man; "The Gilded Six Bits" a full transformation from boy to man takes place as the character learns to deal with his emotions, feelings and responsibility; "The Boy Who was Almost a Man", the character never quite fully completes the maturity process, but the reader is taken through his bumpy ordeal. The paper concludes that all of these growths are very real and natural, leaving the reader with a new sense of understanding in this process of self-development and change.

From the Paper
"In Wright's "The Man Who was Almost a Man," the journey of maturing into manhood is left unfinished. Dave Saunders, although thinking otherwise, never becomes a man. Dave sees men in the field one-day shooting, so he decides to purchase a gun. He associates the obtaining of a gun with becoming a man; to him the gun represents manhood. The pistol also has phallic connotation as well. After accidentally shooting the mule, Dave is not received by the other men around him, causing him to run away in search of acknowledgment somewhere else. He practices shooting, hesitant at first with his eyes closed and his head turned, he fires the pistol. It isn't until after he has fired the pistol that he realizes it wasn't as scary as he made it out to be. Once he overcomes this small hurdle he immediately feels he is a man."

Tags:bildungsroman, transformation, crisis, character, self-development

Abstract
This paper discusses the sculptures done by the Etruscans in ancient history. The paper presents the sculpture, "Etruscan warrior supporting a wounded comrade", from the early 5th century BCE, describing the era when it was created. The paper compares this sculpture to "Augustus in Armor", another sculpture created in 20 BCE. The paper illustrates the differences in these two sculptures according to the time period that they were created.

From the Paper
"While we think of the Etruscans as a monolithic group, in fact, they covered a wide geographic area with a civilization that spans many centuries from a millennium BCE to their putative dissolution a couple of decades BCE (Time International, 2001). The sculpture Etruscan warrior supporting a wounded comrade, from the early fifth century BCE, was created in about the middle of the Etruscan era. At the time this sculpture was created, the Etruscans had begun exploring the coast of what is now known as the Italian peninsula. The Etruscans enjoyed dominion on the seas at the time, giving them "tremendous potential for trade as well as piracy" (Time International, 2001). It is obvious from the embellishment on the clothing of the two warriors that the Etruscans enjoyed their sea-based wealth. It is also easy to believe, as Time (2001) contends, that the Etruscans were a more jovial people than were the Romans who supplanted them; despite the obviously unpleasant fact of the warrior being wounded, neither face is particularly anguished, and, indeed, the wound is probably not all that grave."

Tags:warrior, battle, peace

Abstract
This essay contrasts how poets, Robert Frost and Walt Whitman, both eloquently utilize a minute spider and turn this creature of nature into a grandiose display of life, but for opposite reasons. The author shows how Frost?s spider is a mediation of man's attempts and failures in finding order and meaning in the universe, whereas, Whitman's is a contemplation of man's attempt to fully connect to and understand the world around him.

From the paper:

?Poems, unlike prose, are direct expressions of a creator's feelings. Though a poet also makes use of metaphors and figurative speech to convey images, it is something else beyond the upper layer of language that makes a poem work. It is something that relates directly to the feelings and passions of the poet. For example, Robert Frost's poem, "Design", is an exquisite play on striking images of dark and light, offering a look into this oppressive and isolated poet's stark outlook on life. Whereas, his comrade, Walt Whitman, goes far above and beyond in both voice and metrical line with such a striking mural expansion of his optimistic view of the world around him in his poem, "Noiseless, Patient Spider".

Tags:design, frost, noiseless, patient, poetry, whitman, life, nature, web, evil, good

Abstract
This paper will seek to compare the lives of two slaves in Latin America. Mary Prince and Esteban Montejo will be discussed to reveal the nature of their lives and how they lived them in similar capacities. By understanding some of the lifestyles that these women lived, we can understand the message that they are giving in a comrade sense of slave life.

Abstract
This paper discusses the legacy of the poet, Wilfred Owen. The paper analyzes Owen's critics with regard to the debate over whether or not Owen should be classified as a war poet, or a poet who writes in a socially provocative manner in order to effect social change, or whether Owen should be classified as an elegist, with his work serving as a memorial for his dead comrades. The paper concludes that if the majority of Owen's work can be shown to be operating as a funeral song or lament for the dead, then Owen may be classified as primarily an elegist.

From the Paper
"The legacy of Wilfred Owen is one that has grown in the century since his death. While critics pore over his poems, analyzing the significance of the changing of single words, one debate that has blossomed since the 1980s is the critical debate over whether or not Owen should be classified as a war poet, or a poet who writes in a socially provocative manner in order to evoke outrage from his readers and effect social change, or whether Owen should be classified as an elegist at heart, with his work serving as a memorial for his dead comrades. On one side of the debate, arguing for Owen to be considered primarily as an elegist, lies Dominic Hibberd, Owen's biographer. Representing the other side, those in favour of classifying Owen as an outrageous poet, working to shock and stir his audience to action, can be found Jon Silkin, an authority on British War Poetry of the First World War. Also arguing for Owen to be considered as an outrageous poet is Marie Gardett, writing in the contemporary scholarly journal Explicator. The proofs offered by Silkin and Gardett, coupled with Owen's "lists of contents", offer a convincing and powerful argument for Silkin's vision of Owen that Hibberd cannot persuasively counter. The working definition of "elegist" that I will use is to refer to a poet who writes "funeral song[s] or lament[s] for the dead" (OED "Elegy"). This definition, adapted from the Oxford English Dictionary's definition of "elegy", comes from the most authoritative source on the definitions of words in the English Language; also, this definition is specific enough to work practically in this essay. If the majority of Owen's work can be shown to be operating as a funeral song or lament for the dead, then Owen may be classified as primarily an elegist."

Tags:elegist, social, war, comrades, lament

Abstract
This paper reviews the above novels and looks at how truthful perceptions are hard won by the characters in each case. It examines how the protagonists in each story do not first perceive themselves or the world in a way that is commensurate with reality and how through the juxtaposition of reality and the character's dreams, a sense of truth is created and a sense of a character's final coming to terms with some self-knowledge is created at the narrative's closure. It looks at how all three protagonists swim in a sea of contradictions between a truth that can never be expressed or known to the outer world and to the strife they feel within themselves. In all three short stories, the true depths of the character's inner turmoil are never completely revealed to all. No one ever understands how much "The Kiss" meant to the soldier, O'Brien's soldiers never say quite what happened to their comrades during the Vietnam War and Leggatt leaves the tale a mysterious "floppy" had on shallow water.

From the Paper
"Tim O'Brien's "How to Tell a True War Story" also creates ironic juxtaposition between perceived reality and what is actually true. In this case, the juxtaposition is between the characters' real experience of war and the propaganda the characters were fed before they began to fight the war in Vietnam. As in Chekhov's short story, this juxtaposition ultimately proves embittering to the protagonists. The narrator of O'Brien's narrative states that in the end, really, there's nothing much to say about a true war story, except maybe "Oh." True war stories do not generalize. They do not indulge in abstraction or analysis.? "

Tags:dreams, truth, closure