Abstract This paper provides a review of the relevant literature to determine the implications of computer-based gaming systems on children from a physical, psychosocial, and cultural perspective. More specifically, the paper attempts to determine if there is a link between the use of computer-, CD-, and DVD-based gaming systems, such as Playstation, and the incidence of juvenile crime, obesity, and poor academic achievement. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Aims and Objectives of Dissertation
Review of Studies of Impact of Computer-Based Gaming
Systems on Children.
Playstation/Video Games Versus Traditional Games
Cultural Implications
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)/Transference/Influence on Normal Behaviour/Influence
Outside Game Environment.
Moral Responsibility of Game Manufacturers/Correlation
with Crime
Future Trends and Potential Outcomes
Conclusion
From the Paper "The primary issue identified from the parental concerns expressed in the literature has been the perception that the use of gaming technology such as Playstation creates a raised level of anxiety and imitative violence in their children (Clayton 2003). This consideration is all-the-more compelling in view of the increased incidence of children with behavioral disorders; in fact, one of the most difficult child management issues facing parents and other caregivers today is the management of children with behavioral disorders, and, while all children can be defiant and challenge authority from time to time, the growing body of childhood behavioral disorders emerging is disturbing. The research to date consistently suggests that boys are overwhelmingly more likely to suffer from these disorders than are girls. Furthermore, boys are also more likely to engage in computer-based gaming activities (Clayton 2003)."
Abstract This paper researches the opportunity, execution, and design process for computer and internet-based training applications. It looks at strategies and techniques for technical training, the advantages to businesses of computer-based and Internet-based training, and the best methods for building and managing a multimedia, e-learning delivery system.
From the Paper "Computer-based training (CBT) instruction is a diverse and rapidly expanding spectrum of computer technologies that can assist in teaching and learning particular skills or processes. In our modern society, the advantages provided by CBT enable bossiness's to custom structure training procedures to their individual learner, and thereby reduce the time commitment, and expense of training classes. When an individual learner can learn at their own pace, without affecting the progress of teaching resources of an entire class, the learner becomes the master of his destiny. The learner can access CBT at their own pace, and often at various locations. The learner is free to use his or her own strength, and quickly proceed through exercises which they find simple, and spend more time on those lessons which do not fit well with the learner's initial understanding."
Abstract This paper looks at the impact of computerbased technologies. The writer discusses that during the beginnings of the Internet in the 1990s, many believed that there would be a great positive transformation in human existence from a social, economic and political point of view that would be brought about by computer-based technologies such as the Internet. The writer of this article concludes that such a positive transformation due to the new computer technology did not materialize.
From the Paper "In the 1990s, during the formative years of the Internet, there was a widespread belief in Western culture that computer-based technologies such as the Internet would positively transform human existence - in social, political and economic areas - on a global scale. However, in the middle of the first decade of the 21st century it is now apparent that this belief in the positive transformative power of new technologies was premature at best, and fatally flawed at worst."
Abstract This study analyzes results of the Virginia Standards of Learning tests. The author contrasts one group of high school students who used online computerized methods of testing versus the second group, who were tested with the traditional "paper-pencil" method. The author argues that computer-based testing is in its preliminary phases. This study, therefore, is intended to let scholars research the dependability of these tests. This research begins to fill this gap and offer future direction for additional research to be carried out.
Outline:
Abstract
Statement of Problem
Rationale of Study
Research Objectives
Literature Review
Hypothesis
Methodology
Participants
Measures
Procedure
Implications and Conclusion
References
From the Paper "The control of computers is the seeming dominant feature at the closing stages of the twentieth century. In the 1970s computers operated behind closed doors to tally books, record paychecks, organize weather newscasts, and perform whichever errands whose qualities frequently incorporated repellent recurring processes. The 1980s saw a transformation. Computers took a permanent position in the forefront of firms and businesses. Soon after, the computers replaced the human employees in the department of customer services. Personal computers with telecommunication were more common. Nowadays, the computers handle far more complicated procedures than what they did before. "Machine intelligence", "Inference engines", and "Expert Systems" are expressions that are gradually growing in trend. "
This paper analyzes the use of networking of personal computers, focusing specifically on the advantages and disadvantages of wireless versus wire-based networks.
Abstract This paper presents a literature review discussing several issues associated with the implementation of computer networks. The review begins by defining the term computer network and then goes on to discuss the differences between wire-based and wireless networks, business networks, the types of networks that can be utilized, the need for networks, and network security. The report then focuses on describing in detail the steps that would need to be taken to create a new network for 50 personal computers. Next, the steps for creating both a wire-based network and a wireless network are listed and compared. In addition, this portion of the report contains some information and images concerning the equipment needed to create the network. Finally, the report includes a conclusion that will focus on the answers to the questions listed above and provide a summarization of the report. The conclusion contains a recommendation concerning whether the organization should create a new network utilizing a wire-based platform or a wireless platform. It also offers some information concerning discoveries and benefits associated with computer networking.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Structure of Report
Review of Literature
Definition of a Computer network
Wire-based and wireless networks
Business networks
Types of networks
The need for networks
Network security
Creating a Network of 50 Personal Computers Wire Based Network Platform
Steps to Create a Wire based platform
Wireless Network Platform
Steps to Create a Wireless Network Platform
Conclusion
Summarization
Recommendations
Discovery and Benefits
From the Paper "In the current network environment several vendors manufacture adapters and base stations. In addition the cost associated with the implementation of WiFi systems has decreased tremendously and WiFi is now available in schools, homes and the workplace (Emerging Technologies: Wireless Networks, 2002). The article further reports that the use of WiFi in the home has come as a result of the increased popularity of higher-speed Internet access such as cable and DSL. In addition bases stations permit internet access to be shared amongst several users. In the case of Apple's airport the DHCP ('dynamic host configuration protocol') is already a part of the Airport hub, and several devices can share the same IP number. The base station can also be attached to an Ethernet Internet connection. Many base stations also have firewall protection.
"The use of WiFi is also extremely popular because it allows mixed networks to exist harmoniously (Emerging Technologies: Wireless Networks, 2002). This means that Mac and Windows computers can operate using the same WiFi network (Emerging Technologies: Wireless Networks, 2002). In addition to the networking of computers peripherals and mobile devices that have Wi Fi cards can also operate on the network (Emerging Technologies: Wireless Networks, 2002)."
Tags:computers information systems, technology wireless wire-based options
Abstract This report compares the silicon-basedcomputer and the emerging DNA-basedcomputer. The study focuses on the major components involved in both, their method of use, and general reasons for use, all centered around the engineering and biological principals that are critical to the success of the DNA-basedcomputer. Detailed and scientifically rigorous statements of the principles are provided along with a detailed definition of key terms, which can be found in the glossary at the end of this report. Sample problems and calculations are provided throughout the report to illustrate the method of use and abilities of this new way of computing. Based on the computing abilities and potential of the DNA-basedcomputer, a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages, as well as the social and ethical concerns associated with the technology is presented.
Table of Contents
Abstract
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Overview and Background
3.0 Major Components Involved
4.0 Method of Use
5.0 General Reasons for Use
6.0 Advantages and Disadvantages
7.0 Social and Ethical Concerns
8.0 Conclusion
References
Glossary
From the Paper "The abilities and power of computers to this day have increased, almost exponentially, since the dawn of their creation. Every year the speeds of microchips more than double while their size continues to shrink. This exponential growth of silicon chip speed and inverse of size has come to be known as Moore's Law . As advancements in micro silicon chip production continue, however, more and more obstacles are faced due to the increase in complexities of the problems for which they are required. More computing power is required while costs need to be controlled. The answer to this is to build a radically different type of computer that uses DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) as oppose to silicon to store and manipulate data. The practicality of this new design is still far off, however, it is believed that this new technology can produce DNA-based computers that would be far superior than today's supercomputers at a fraction of their size and, ultimately, their costs. A part-by-part comparison of both the silicon-based computer and the emerging DNA-based computer under the conditions of the major components involved in both, their method of use, and general reasons for use, will be discussed. Also, their potential in society will be evaluated based on their advantages and disadvantages in regards to storage abilities, cost effectiveness, and reliability of use, as well as, social and ethical concerns involving their effect on the future of computing, society, way of life, and potential misuses of this new technology. This report describes and evaluates the emerging technology of DNA based computers based on their engineering and biological principals, and provides a comparison of this prospect to the silicon-based computers used widely in all areas of today's society."
Abstract The paper explores the Study Island computer-based mathematics program that was developed and designed to help children learn mathematical skills and to increase standardized math test scores. The paper looks at research that measured the effects of the utilization of this web-based program on the students' reference competency test mathematics scores. The paper relates that the research showed that students who were enrolled in a class where Study Island was used did better on a standardized test than other students. The paper concludes that computer-aided instruction has more advantages than disadvantages and suggests students use the Study Island mathematics program for the next state standardized test.
Outline:
Introduction
What is Study Island?
Research Study
Background and Significance of the Problem
To What Extent Did Computer Assisted Instruction Increase Standardized Mathematics Achievement Scores?
What Benefits and Advantages Emerged When Using Computer Aided Instruction With Sixth Grade?
How Can the Web-Based Mathematical Instruction Study Island Program Influence Student's Perception of Leaning?
Conclusion
From the Paper "Mathematics is one area that is being affected by the use of such technology. There have been several computer-based mathematics programs developed and designed to help children learn mathematic skills and to increase standardized math test scores. One such program is called Study Island. Study Island was developed in 2000 and offers practical and web-based instruction for students in all grade levels. The program is based around state standards so that students can use this program to prepare for state standardized testing and increase overall testing scores. Study Island is currently being used in over 6000 schools around the nation and is helping over two million students."
Abstract This paper discusses how web-based training is an extension of computer-based training which takes advantage of the immediacy of the World Wide Web and the ability to reach large numbers of people at the same time regardless of where they are located. It proposes a study on the ways in which training may be adapted to benefit from innovations in information technology (IT) and the advantages such adaptation may provide for both organizations and trainees. Through an extensive literature review, it attempts to identify factors that contribute to either the success or failure of web-based training systems.
Outline
Statement of the Problem
Introduction
Research Questions
Definition of Key Terms
Literature Review
The Nature of Training and its Importance to the Organization
Traditional Training Programs
Traditional Training Techniques
Moving to A New Training Paradigm
Computer-Based Training
Preparing for Web-Based Training
Web-Based Training
Web-Based Training in Practice
Technological Considerations Related to Web-Based Training
Importance of Evaluating Training
Evaluating Web-Based Training
Conclusion
Methodology
Population and Sample
Materials
Procedures
Data Analysis
From the Paper "An organization is a community. Social interactionists conceive a community as a social group, and that within the community as a social group, individuals develop both their own self-concept and individual identity through social interactions within the community structure (Levine, 1991). Identity refers to self-meanings in a role. Roles are shared norms applied by occupants of social positions. This development, according to social interactionists, allows a person to move from a personal perception of ?I? (the spontaneous self) to a personal perception of "Me" (the social self), through a role taking behavior wherein the person assumes the role of the generalized other. Through this behavioral process, the person derives meanings from the nonverbal actions and verbal statements of significant others within the community structure."
Abstract This paper develops a remedial plan for the Southern Lehigh High School, Pennsylvania, in order to institute required computer-based instruction in its "Learning Lab" to help students who are at the basic or below basic level on their middle school Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) exam. It provides a history of the PSSA and identifies areas in which the program is lacking. It describes the implications of PSSA on public schools and the current software programs available for PSSA exams in high schools. It also discusses the instruments and procedures required to implement computer-based remediation software into the Learning Lab of Southern Lehigh School with recommendations of how success can be measured and improvements can be made.
From the Paper "It is important not to overlook the importance of parental involvement in the implementation of a PSSA-focused learning lab. For many parents, the PSSA is viewed as an assessment of their child's school. Therefore, Southern LeHigh should make every effort to encourage parents to provide online access to students at home. If students participate in sample PSSA tests at school and at home, they will be more likely to excel when it comes time to take the actual test. There are many ways to measure the success of the Learning Lab. While the most obvious way would be to compare PSSA test results, this does not allow the lab time to function properly and adjust its problem areas."
Abstract This paper looks at how a company might formulate a plan to train its employees. The paper cites the presence of skilled and effective teachers, cost effective courses and materials for learning, individual attention to all the trainees, and practical training and hands-on experience as key elements in any training program. It then looks at the option companies have of using computer-based training methods. The paper points out the many advantages to computer-based training, but cautions that there are some disadvantages and that, when a company is considering employing CBT, it must weigh both its advantages and disadvantages.
From the Paper "An effective training system would integrate several different processes in order to achieve the objective of a proper training. The first step in any sort of training would be identifying the desired level of knowledge in a measurable form. The next step would be listing out the various qualifications or competencies necessary for taking part in any training system to produce the desired results. After this the trainee would have to undertake the necessary research steps by sourcing materials and other requirements for the training method to function at its best. The trainee would now have to execute the methods best suitable to achieve proper training. The evaluation process for the training would have to be fair and unbiased and also take into account the industry for which the trainee is being trained; it would have to be recognized by the industry so that the trainee would be able to find placement in an easy manner. (Effective Intermediaries Training System)"
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that computer literacy is a necessity in the world today, especially in the business world and one of the roles of the school is to prepare students for entering that world. Many students are familiar with computers from their use at home, but one of the divides developing is between those who have a computer and access to the Internet and those who do not. The classroom is one place where this divide can be alleviated. The writer points out that school districts recognize the need and have been purchasing computers and the needed software and have been making the computer part of the classroom experience. The writer notes that the cost of this can be high and discusses that there are also hidden costs to implementing such a system that districts may not recognize. The writer maintains that there may be costs to the students as well in terms of developing a different relationship with the classroom and adapting to the instructional methods. The writer concludes that the added costs for the school district are the major concern and that the district has to recognize some of these costs and be prepared to pay them. The bibliography includes a brief description of each source.
From the Paper "Technology assists in these methods by providing projects to be developed, aiding in the process of inquiry, and developing and solving problems. Computer-based technology is particularly well-suited to the needs of students in these types of learning environment, answering many of the questions raised and shaping the way the student approaches material. For the most part, however, K-12 schools in the United States have not felt the expected positive impact of technology as they should, as Norris and Soloway note as they cite reports from different parts of the country showing that while American schools have more technology than any other country's schools, student achievement does not show that this has increased learning to the degree predicted. The authors find that one reason for this is because the six conditions cited above have not been fulfilled, with problems with access being one of the major failures .."
Abstract In 1976, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak started a company called Apple to produce and sell the computer they had designed in their spare time. This paper examines how Apple's products have defined the personal computer industry for its entire history. Most current computer products can be traced directly back to Apple and those that cannot still bear the marks of Apple's influence. It looks at how the first successful PC was the Apple II, which brought computing in to homes and schools and how the Macintosh made graphical user interfaces affordable and accessible to users outside of research laboratories.
From the Paper "For home users, Jobs positioned the iMac as a "digital hub", which would be the center for all a user's multimedia content. Apple introduced a digital music player, the iPod and a compatible music download service, the iTunes Music Store. A few months later, Apple released versions of both products that worked with Windows PCs; the iPod and iTunes quickly dominated their markets. While competing products have caught up in terms of features and price, Apple is holding on to its lead in this market."
Abstract Businesses have to be able to survive, thrive and function above and beyond computer disasters. While many tend to overlook the threat of a total digital breakdown due to computer related disasters such as viruses or malicious hackers, the threat is real and imminent in this day and age. Acknowledging the possibility is the most effective means of addressing the problem and protecting businesses from being crippled by computerbased disaster. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the means by which to address the issue of computer disaster so that a computer disaster will not cripple businesses permanently.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Urgency
The Heightened Threat of Disaster to the Small Business
Overview -The Process by Which You Plan Against a Disruptive Event
Business Continuity Planning/Disaster Recovery
Importance of Communication
Application
Assessment
Step 2 Assessment
Risk Factor Identification
Precaution Implementation
Guidance Resources
The Remote Solution
Conclusion
Sources
From the Paper " The need to prepare for disaster recovery from a computer perspective cannot be underestimated or overlooked. The urgency is real. A virus or malicious hacker can cripple and destroy a computer system. It is a worst case scenario that we don't want to think about, but by acknowledging its reality and possibility we can fully protect ourselves against its occurrence. Research unequivocally asserts that the end result of disaster can mean chaos and uncertainty for the business owner, employees, and customers. Further, human created disasters are virtually unavoidable. At some point, one will occur such as malicious hacking or unknowingly downloading a powerful virus that can cripple your data and network system."
Abstract This paper examines how Apple Computers has a positive policy of recruitment, including internship, on-the-job training, and several career opportunities. It explains the importance of having computer-based knowledge in today's job market and discusses how Apple Computers promotes this ideal.
From the Paper "Internships with Apple offer real learning experiences that do lead into lifelong careers in any number of diverse paths. Within Apple, there are a number of business groups that hire interns specifically because of the experience these prospective employees have with the company. The software engineering group, which produces Apple's operating system, hires interns for working on the OS X Server, Technical Publications, and Graphics and Imaging. The Applications Engineering group develops, tests, and enhances many software applications, and they hire interns to help test and develop new applications. The Product Marketing group collects and responds to feedback from consumers and developers, and they hire interns for product marketing manager positions. The developer relations group provides technical support and marketing resources, and they hire interns ?who can be partnership managers or who can provide technical services to developers.? (FAQ) Finally, the finance group provides forecasting, performance reporting, and investment analysis to Apple, and the finance group hires both undergraduate and graduate students as financial analysts."
Abstract This paper explains that rapid developments in multimedia and telecommunications technologies along with an increasing awareness among educators as to the need for developing educational standards for student performance have led to a new set of prospects for the role of educational technology. The author points out that the Internet has become an important means of accessing information; the world of library knowledge is at the users' fingertips entailing great advantage to the users, and colleges are exploiting the Internet to make parents aware of the performance of the children and to enhance the accessibility of the students to a varied type of textbooks, advanced courses and test preparations. The paper states that computer-based instructions personalize the instruction process, provide instant response to the needs of the students and elucidates the correct answer; contrary to the traditional human lecturer, the computer is infinitely patient and non-lenient, providing impetus to the students for continuance.
From the Paper "It is widely accepted by the parents and educators that technology is an integral part of the educational process in order to enable them successful in the 21st Century. The educational institutions all over the country are engaged in the implementation of technology plans and are making investments in computing resources like internet and other educational software's. Almost every college is networked and made favorable for the Internet ranging from the rural areas to the suburbs and cities and provides a computer having Internet access to every five students. Presently, more and more children in schools utilize computers than they do at home. (Today's students are more wired than ever) The traditional educational delivery system mostly prevalent in the classrooms has a number of limitations. In the system there is no scope for the professors to encourage the students to become active, do not cater to the communication needs for complex concepts, fail to persuade critical thinking and may not be adjustable to the requirements of the students. The applications of the techniques involved in the information technology in the classroom are considered to be a great solution for the problems associated with lectures."
