Abstract
This paper is an analysis of Sven Birkets' "The Gutenberg Elegies: The Fate of Reading in an Electronic Age". This book of essays urges the rejection of today's high-tech, easy-access electronic age. Sven Birkets believes that today's technology has placed the world in a state of "intellectual emergency" that threatens to destroy not only the conventional and healthy manner in which an individual relates to one's own self, but also the way this individual relates to others and the surrounding world.

From the Paper
"Twenty to twenty-five years ago, as the world ventured forth into the last quarter of the twentieth century, the future leaders of this world ventured forth into the public school system. On any given weekday, any number of these pint-sized learners could be spotted being deposited onto school grounds and into classrooms armed with first generation Star Wars backpacks and lunch boxes packed with such tools of learning as pencils, paper, workbooks, and reading primers. Pac-Man was as of yet but an unrealized dream in the mind of a Japanese developer and the innovative electronic games of Pong and Tank were diversions to be pursued only after school hours and after the completion of homework and chores."

Tags:Electronic, Age, technology, high-tech, Sven, Birkets

Abstract
This paper takes a look at some of the serious events that followed the American legislation known as the Compromise of 1850. This "compromise" outlawed the actual trade (buying and selling) of slaves, yet it also required federal officials to track down and arrest fugitive slaves. The paper looks at the resulting events of the Compromise of 1850 and how these might have combined and led the South to secede from the Union, thus causing the Civil War.

From the Paper
"The Compromise of 1850 was a piece of American legislation drafted and passed in order to squash the divisive debate over slavery that had been pressing the separated country closer and closer to secession and disintegration. Created and championed by Senators Henry Clay, a southerner, and Stephen Douglas, a northerner from Illinois, the Compromise was not a cure-all for the nation's problems and divisions, but was "as one Southern editor correctly noted, it was "the calm of preparation, and not of peace" ("The Impending Crisis"). This short essay will look at the resulting events of the Compromise of 1850 and how these might have combined and led the South to secede from the Union, thus causing the Civil War. One of the main provisions of the Compromise of 1850 was that it outlawed the slave trade."

Tags:compromise, 1850, american

Abstract
In this article, the writer provides an analysis of the views of John Calhoun and Daniel Webster concerning the Compromise of 1850 and the issue of slavery. The writer looks at the debate in Congress over the issue of the slave question.

From the Paper
"The Compromise of 1850 was the result a heated and at times vicious debate in Congress between the advocates of slavery and the abolitionists. Two of the main figures of this debate were John Calhoun who summarized the South's grievances and Daniel Webster who advocated moderation. The crux of the debate was the institution of slavery which threatened to tear the nascent Union asunder. The South was reliant on slavery for its economic growth while many in the North found the practice immoral and worked to subvert it."

Tags:1850, compromise, slavery, south, north, secession, congress, calhoun, webster

Abstract
This analysis discusses the origins and contents of the Connecticut Compromise that was the outcome of the Continental Congress of 1787, representing a compromise between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan concerning the structure of the government. The analysis provides a comparison and contrast of the Albany Plan, the Virginia Plan, and the New Jersey Plan to demonstrate how the Connecticut Compromise resolved issues of debate among the delegates.

From the Paper
"Between the Albany Congress in July and the Constitutional Convention in May, the founding fathers of the United States proposed several plans for the shape of the new nation's government. Chief among these plans were the Albany Plan and the New Jersey Plan. These and other plans were proposed by state representatives to help define the structure and nature of the newly forming government. Representation by states in the federal government was a major point of debate among state representatives. In general, states with larger..."

Tags:founding fathers, Constitution, representation, slavery, territories, House of Representatives, Senate, federal, sovereignty, Philadelphia, Madison, Franklin

Abstract
This paper discusses how, while slaves were definitely treated inhumanly, they did have a certain impact on two important historical events, Ratification of Constitution and Articles of Confederation. It looks at how the Southern states felt that, since they had large armies of slaves to support, they must be given an upper hand in the Congress and how this led to a compromise that three out of every five slaves should be included in population count for determination of representation. It discusses how, with this compromise, slavery came into the limelight and how it was then viewed from the political perspective. It also shows how the effects of the compromise were prominent and how they helped in increase political power of the South.

From the Paper
"Sugar plantation is heavily responsible for the growth of slavery on the United States. An ugly practice that began in Portugal spread to whole of Europe before it found its way to the Southern states of America. This was in fact one institution that every person with morals would found repulsive and degrading but since it was economically viable, Southerners were more than glad to have found a cheaper means of raising sugar and becoming economically stronger than their more modern Northern counterparts. This shameful practice continued in the United States without much opposition until the latter half of 1800s when Northerners launched staunch attack against inhumane treatment of slaves."

Tags:slavery, blacks, representation, south, congress

Abstract
This paper discusses the Compromise of 1850, an important event in the history of the United States. The paper specifically argues that the events following the Compromise and especially the subsequent development of slavery as an institution proved the limited impact this set of laws had on the definite resolution of the issue of slavery. The paper further discusses the historical background of the laws and then looks at the failing of the initial and official stated aims of the legislative initiative.

From the Paper
"First and foremost, in 1850, the Missouri Compromise was relatively untouched. By then, each state had followed the rule imposed by the 1820 agreement. California's desire to be admitted in the Union as a free state met the opposition of the South which saw this as a threat of the equilibrium. However, the Compromise had balanced this decision by agreeing on the Fugitive Slave Law, which stipulated serious punishments for any person aiding a fugitive Southern slave in the North. In this sense, consensus was reached and a certain balance was kept, while the basics of the democratic constitution were kept. (Rozwenc, 1957)"

Tags:slavery, states, fugitive

Abstract
This paper explains that the debate over the Kyoto Protocol, an international set of standards regarding environmental issues, that specifically regards the emissions allowed by each nation, which are negatively affecting a global climate change, demonstrates the problem of international environmental regulation. The author points out that disputes in current worldwide groups like the United Nations and regional organizations, such as NATO and the Organization of Latin American States, do not give an optimistic outlook for the world's ability to compromise when it comes to environmental regulations. The paper argues that creating a bureaucratic standard and enforcement mechanism for environmental regulations is going to be an incredibly difficult task;therefore, non-governmental organizations, NGOs, will be the non-bureaucratic movement, which will eventually be the most influential in terms of changing international environmental policies.

From the Paper
"There must be punishments or enforceable measures for nations that are found not to comply. The details of how long a nation has to comply and in what manner it will be determined that they have failed to comply to the standards will take a massive bureaucratic effort, using thousands of hours of research, of manpower on the ground, and then of deciding on a proper method of enforcement. This bureaucratic effort is a huge factor in why the world has not adopted a uniform model of environmental standards-even if a compromise can be reached with all the world's nations, who will pay for the inspectors? Who will pay for bringing the industries up to standard-the nation at fault, or the world community as a whole?"

Tags:kyoto, un, ngo, standards, enforcement

Abstract
The paper is an analysis of the Compromise of 1850, which was the continuation of the system of slavery, and the description of the events that led to freeing of the slaves in 1860?s. It explains how the fundamental differences in agriculture and the adoption of slavery in the South gave rise to early American history. It examines how the thirteen states had each developed separately and had differences in beliefs; their culture and issues between them were always irreconcilable. Along with the cultural differences, even the geographic differences were made apparent between the North and South during the hundred-year period that followed the drafting of the Constitution.

From the Paper
"Conflicts arose and reached its climax in 1850 regarding the concept of holding people as slaves in the territories that were being formed. In the years that preceded the Civil war the United States was constantly involved with various issues relating to slavery and the role that the federal government played in comparison to the state rights. The compromise of 1850 included nearly five legislative enactments that were actually passed by the U. S Congress during August and September that year. These proceedings basically led to resolve the political causes, which were causing divisions in the antislavery and the proslavery groups of the Congress and in the entire nation. These measures were at times also called the "Omnibus Bill", and this basically was concerning the aspect as to whether slavery was to be allowed in the areas that were acquired from Mexico during the Mexican War. (McPherson, 2000)".

Tags:constitution, north, south, slave, freedom

Abstract
This paper charters the political career of "Colonel" Edward Mandell House and in particular his time as the trusted adviser to Woodrow Wilson. It looks at how House played an important role in the peace process at the end of World War I and how he was the American representative for the surrender of Germany, before arriving at the Paris peace conference as Wilson's personal representative. It discusses how he tried to secure a future for Germany with concessions made to the French outside of the limits of power and guidelines that he had been given to him by Wilson thus compromising Wilson's position.

From the Paper
"Although Wilson and House were close, House remained an accomplished and ambitious political operator. He had been observing Wilson, and had concluded that Wilson's methods of doing things was not quick enough or ultimately going to solve any problems. He was also very passionate about the league of nations, and felt that Germany should not be treated to harshly, he said that "if the conditions we impose upon Germany are unjust, it will simply mean the breeding of another war." As house began to listen to all sides of the argument over the Rhineland. He took on board all sides of the argument, and was eventually able to come up with a solution that would be acceptable to all sides, and eventually decided to give permission for the French to create a Rhenish republic, at least until they were able to rebuild militarily. House tried his best to address this issue, by suggesting the now infamous "demilitarization of the Rhineland," which was to happen in three stages."

Tags:woodrow, wilson, germany, france, rhineland

Abstract
This paper explains that Voice over IP (VOIP) is one of the most important emerging trends in telecommunications because it integrates communication services into the IP network infrastructure, the Internet, especially e-mail and instant messaging, and standard classical services like telephony. The author stresses that VoIP has problems of confidentiality, integrity and availability of the data and information, which streams through the network. The paper presents a chapter outline of a thesis, which will discuss implementation of VoIP network security emphasizing maintaining the efficiency of this system.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter One - Advent of Information Technology and the Rise of VoIP
Chapter Two - The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) as One of the Foundations of VoIP
Chapter Three - Standards for Voice Over IP Implementations
Chapter Four - Proofs of Concept on the Security and Efficiency of VoIP Implementation
Chapter Five - Conclusion

From the Paper
"Any type of implementation, procedures or processes in existent today should and must adhere to certain standards and industry best practices. VoIP is no different and in this chapter, available standards will be examined in order to determine the validity of the parameters used in the various proofs of concept performed by different proponents. Beginning with RFC 3261, the document will be benchmarked against two United States government publications that define not only VoIP implementation but security considerations involved in the planning up to the operations stage."

Tags:history implementation protocols validity, due diligence