Persuasive essay debating the issue of federal funding of religiously based organizations. This paper discusses the controversy of the separation of church and state. This is a persuasive essay, comprised of with an introduction of unbiased information.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 4 sources, 2001, $ 55.95
Abstract This paper discusses the controversy of the separation of church and state. This is a persuasive essay, comprised of with an introduction of unbiased information. In addition, two essays follow, one pro-religious/government affiliation and the second sides with the need for increased separation of church and state.
From the Paper "The concept of the United States Federal Government funding religiously based organizations seems to be a very implausible idea. Assuming that something of this nature was put into effect, Congress would have to guarantee that no person(s) would be discriminated against regardless of religious and/or faith practices in order to receive federal funding for their religious organization. During his campaign for the Presidency in 1999, while in Indianapolis, Indiana, Presidential hopeful George W. Bush was quoted in saying,[1]?We will keep a commitment to pluralism [and] not discriminate for or against Methodist or Mormon or Muslims or good people with no faith at all.?
A look at the theory proposed by British atmospheric chemist, James Lovelock, which characterizes earth as a complex living organism rather than merely an inanimate host for the many terrestrial life forms dependent on it for sustenance.
Abstract This paper explains and examines the Gaia Theory, which proposes that the earth is itself a tremendously large and complex super-organism, comprising all of the other life forms dependant upon it in very much the same fashion that the human body comprises the many trillions of individual living cellular organisms that, collectively, constitute a human being. The paper first details some of the criticisms as well as the support for Lovelock's theory, outlines the essential elements of the theory, and then provides a critical analysis of the theory.
From the Paper "In the 1960?s, James Lovelock, a British atmospheric chemist, was engaged in research commissioned by the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) in the United States. Specifically, the studies were intended to develop a method for determining reliably whether or not biological life existed on Mars. Part of Lovelock's work involved analyzing certain elements of Earth's atmospheric properties and mechanisms, in order to understand how a planet teeming with biological life might be differentiated accurately from interplanetary distances from a planet completely devoid of biological life (Enteractive, 1995)."
Abstract This paper explains that, despite each company's market penetration or strength, all of the competitors have sought to compensate for a decrease in profit margin due to increased competition, called hyper-competition, and decreased demand by moving manufacturing operations abroad. The author points out the actions of the "A Brands" comprised of Nike, Reebok and Adidas as the market leaders and the "B Brands" primarily comprise of Ryka, Fila, Puma, Asics, Mizuno and New Balance, each of which holds less than a one percent market share. The paper concludes that locating or subcontracting to a country where labor is cheap, results in fewer industry jobs for domestic workers and more imported products, creating a market cycle that will be self-perpetuate. Table.
Table of Contents
Global Competition
A Brands
B Brands
Economic Factors
Trade Deficit
Supply and Demand
Conclusion
From the Paper "Asics, Inc. has manufacturing locations in China, the Philippines, and Singapore and outsources additional manufacturing plants in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Taiwan. The American Sporting Goods Corporation manufactures Avia, Ryka, Brooks, and Apex brand footwear in China. "Approximately 90 per cent of [Puma's] footwear...is sourced from China, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Cambodia." Fila, Inc. has most of its manufacturing facilities in Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Mizuno, Corp. outsources its manufacturing facilities to Cambodia, China, Taiwan, and Yugoslavia. The only athletic footwear company that still has the majority of its product manufactured domestically is New Balance Athletic Shoe, Inc.."
Abstract This paper begins with a discussion on the patient population. It claims that a high percentage of the patients are elderly people suffering from Alzheimer's disease. The paper explains that this disease demands many different kinds of treatment and with the growing number of patients the need for better health care is urgent. It continues to expand on the organizations that comprise health care systems. Finally, it mentions the mechanisms for financing care and the role of the government in solving this national problem.
Table of Contents:
Identification of the Patient Population Being Served
Organizations that Comprise the Health Care Delivery System
Mechanisms for Financing Care
Role of Government
Bibliography
From the Paper "The role that the government plays in the healthcare model for this patient population has been alluded to in the above section. The need for a more equitable healthcare system is suggested in numerous studies. Government policy plays a crucial role in the in the healthcare models for these patients. In 1997 the Balanced Budget Act "...changed the reimbursement rules for Medicare home health benefits from a fee-for-service system to a prospective payment system (PPS)." ( Rock, B. 2005) This resulted in the fact that the coordination between the various healthcare professionals has become more important and vital in the treatment of dementia patients. "... coordination and collaboration among all members of the home health care team (that is, nurses, social workers, physical therapist, occupational therapist, speech therapist, and home health aides) is critical to provide home care for frail and chronically ill populations." ( Rock, B. 2005) "
This paper discusses the controversy of legislative bills, which infringe upon the guarantees in the bill of rights and constitution. This paper discusses the controversy of the separation of church and state.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 3 sources, 2001, $ 52.95
Abstract This paper discusses the controversy of the separation of church and state. This is a persuasive essay, comprised of with an introduction of unbiased information. In addition, two essays follow, one pro-religious/government affiliation and the second sides with the need for increased separation of church and state. Includes 9 quotes all referenced in endnotes.
From the Paper "The debate over the definition and intent of the first amendment is largely debated throughout society. The question of what actions directly infringe upon the First Amendment and the separation of church and state clause is one of the largest questions. This question has taken high precedence in the media and federal government this year due to President Bush's faith based initiative for providing social services to religiously based organizations with federal money. "
An outline of the responsibilities and research of the renewable energy source ESEP group. In addition to describing the roles and each member of the group, the proposal explains the urgency and significance of perfecting non fossil fuel energy sources.
5,415 words (approx. 21.7 pages), 23 sources, 2001, $ 133.95
Abstract This research discusses the world's current energy crisis. Fossil energy comprises the majority of the world's energy source; however, these fuels pose threats to the environment and do not provide a renewable source of energy. Analysts predict that the world will run out of fossil fuels in forty to fifty years. Due to this impending crisis, experts research and attempt to determine renewable energy sources that meet the world's growing energy needs while considering the technical, environmental, financial, and social impact of these alternatives. This report summarizes four of the most developed renewable energy options that could feasibly replace fossil fuels as a source of energy, including fuel cells, solar power, wind power, and hydroelectric power. Fuel cells use substances such as methanol and oxygen to react and provide energy; however, obtaining a clean, reliable hydrogen source and lowering the cost must precede implementation. Solar power harnesses the sun's thermal with photovoltaic cells to produce electricity; the paper focuses on concentrating solar technologies and the addition research required to employ this alternative fuel source. Wind power uses turbines situated in a field to capture the kinetic energy of the wind; as one of the most frequently used renewable energy resources, this solution may become feasible as prices decrease. Hydropower uses flowing water through a system of turbines and generators to produce vast amounts of clean energy, but its environmental impacts are serious and widespread. All of these renewable energy sources have advantages and disadvantages when it comes to producing energy on a large scale. Some of these factors include cost, efficiency, environmental factors, and political and social factors. The report recommends an increase in research for each of these fields, and concludes that these renewable energy sources will only develop if society as a whole accepts the financial burden that accompanies them. Overall, the financial burden of renewable resources does not compare to the devastating effects that continued fossil energy usage will leave on the environment.
From the Paper "As the global energy crisis worsens, scientists and researchers internationally race to refine and implement renewable energy resources to provide societies basic power needs that do not depend upon the consumption of natural resources. Within the next century, if energy consumers continue to rely on resources such as coal, petroleum, and other fossil fuels at the current rate, society will deplete its fuel reserves, specifically petroleum, to the extent that alternate power sources become necessary to maintain current standards of living based on power sources. Environmentalists, scientists, and the general public target fossil fuel usage as the primary cause for the environment's poor condition; renewable resources will offer an opportunity to prevent and possibly improve damage caused by pollution from power procurement. Globally, consumers are ill-prepared for our inevitable reliance upon renewable energy resources; moreover, developing countries in the process of electrifying their citizens will not have the means to progress in the same energy-technology development cycle and cannot base their tenuous energy dependence on a rapidly waning fuel source. In the absence of fossil fuels, people must rely on new forms of transportation and energy to power our increasingly
technology-based society. Renewable resources, such as fuel cells, solar power, wind power, and hydro power offers an environmentally-savvy alternative to fossil fuels, yet many of these technologies require further research, refinement, and optimization before we can rely upon them as a substitute for fossil fuels in basic power needs (SolarPACES 1). The problem involves ensuring global preparedness when low energy reserves mandate the use of renewable energy resources through proper allocation of renewable energy technology, ethical support from the public and the government, financial flexibility, and environmental sustainability."
Two case-studies of relatively simple autonomous robot projects followed by a discussion of embodied cognition, emergent behaviour and how these concepts apply to the above robots.
1,595 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 2 sources, 2001, $ 52.95
Abstract This document is comprised of case studies of two autonomous robot projects, namely Frank Scott's Hexapod Robots, and MIT's Robot Ant Colony. Each case study describes the behaviour each robot exhibits, and technical information on how this behaviour is executed including mechanical parts, digital circuitry and programming techniques. The case studies are followed by a discussion of embodied cognition, and how the above robots' actions can be explained in terms of embodied cognition. It also discusses emergent phenomenon, both in nature and artificially intelligent robots.
From the Paper "The Rodney series of robots refers to a group of three six-legged autonomous robots whose design is based upon Rodney Brooks' subsumption architecture. Rodney 3 is the most refined and recent robot. It supersedes both Rodney 1 & 2 and for this reason will be the focus of this summary. Rodney 3 is designed to operate in an environment featuring a slightly uneven surface that may be interrupted by many small obstacles and an occasional large obstacle, e.g. a pebbled track with the odd large stone or similar obstacle. The robot's task is to climb over the smaller objects, and to avoid objects that are too large to climb over. To achieve the climbing action, all six legs must be able to operate independently of each other. The robot travels forward in a straight line until a large object is encountered. To avoid the object, it must reverse a few steps, shift its direction and continue its forward motion."
Abstract This paper examines the reasons why the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee at its October 2000 meeting decided to leave the Federal Funds Rate target (and by extension the money supply target) unchanged as well as looking at what might have prompted the Fed Open Market Committee to increase the Federal Funds Rate or Discount Rate as well as what might have prompted them to decrease the Federal Funds Rate or Discount Rate ? and what other actions might have accompanied either an increase or decrease.
From the paper:
"To understand the Fed's decision in October it is necessary to understand how the office functions in general. As the central banking authority of the United States, the Federal Reserve acts as a fiscal agent for the U.S. government; it also serves as custodian of the reserve accounts of commercial banks, makes loans to commercial banks, and is authorized to issue Federal Reserve notes that constitute the entire supply of paper currency of the country. The system comprises the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the 12 Federal Reserve banks, the Federal Open Market Committee, the Federal Advisory Council, and, a Consumer Advisory Council along with several thousand member banks. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System determines the reserve requirements of the member banks within statutory limits, reviews and determines the discount rates established by the 12 Federal Reserve banks, and reviews the budgets of the reserve banks."
Abstract An in-depth look at the history and usage of medical Marijuana. The author looks at marijuana usage in different cultures for different medical conditions.
From the paper:
"Marijuana is the common name for a drug comprised of the leaves and flowering tops of the Indian hemp plant, cannabis sativa, which can be smoked or eaten for unique feelings. The active ingredient of marijuana, known as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is concentrated in the flowering tops of the Indian hemp plant. In the USA, the legality of marijuana, found to be medically useful by some, has been a controversial topic for decades (Nahas 1)."
Abstract The paper explores different issues that arise when dealing with punitive damages. The author defines punitive damages and looks at why the ability to sue for this particular type of damages in court is so useful and at the same time, extremely rare. They often take several years to resolve. Punitive damage cases are often comprised of several people seeking to sue a large conglomerate, such as the tobacco industry, in order to prevent further harm to a large number of people. The O.J. Simpson civil case was an example of punitive damages being used as a way to ensure that a person was held financially responsible for their criminal act. These types of cases are small in number, but often make headlines because of the enormity of the settlements involved.
From the Paper "The use of punitive damages is particularly useful in cases where it is desired that defendants alter their bad behavior as well as recompense defendants. Doing away with punitive damages, particularly in the case of large corporations, could allow a company to compensate the individuals of the families they had injured, yet continue with the company's damaging behavior because it was cheaper and more cost effective to do so. A company could continue to use technologically inferior, polluting technology even after paying money to defendants because a case was tried in civil rather than criminal court. Yet in nearly 80 percent of product liability cases in which punitive damages were awarded, the manufacturer made a subsequent safety change. (McLarty, AATL Website) Also, because so many punitive damages cases have included such large payment amounts to defendants, this can be said to have caused safety to be taken into greater account in company manufacturing, thereby resulting in a safer America."
Abstract A look at some programs of change that have been implemented in schools recently. The writer focuses on the trend of School Improvement Teams (SIT's) which have began taking the improvement of the school into their own hands and which is comprised of locals and staff of the specific school. This paper follows the team's work step by step.
From the Paper "Between federal, state, and popular mandates, schools have overwhelming heard a demand for change. Society is both more technologically advanced, and more sociologically varied than it was 50 or even 20 years ago when most of the programs in use today were being conceived. Many reforms have been talked about, and many schools have been ordered to implement them. Some have even tried. Despite all this, the effects of change are neither widespread nor readily visible. To the contrary, the number of at-risk students "now constitute thirty percent of the school population" (Hord, 1990). It appears that all the best intentions in the world have left school with much the same teaching styles and failings that were in practice decades ago. The main problem, however, does not seem to be with the programs themselves, but rather with their application."
Abstract This paper presents an examination of this regiment which was unique in is composition as well as its setup. The writer shows how the army's attitude in the beginning was negative, many believing that the freed slaves did not have military discipline. It describes the various battles that the regiment participated in and finally looks at the conditions of the soldiers - who were paid less, given fewer privileges etc.
From the Paper "The Fifty-fourth Massachusetts was organized in March, 1863 at Camp Meigs, Readville, Massachusetts, by Robert Shaw a 26 year old from Boston. This regiment was composed primarily of free blacks that volunteered from throughout the North, particularly Massachusetts and Pennsylvania. Col. Shaw was a young white officer from a prominent Boston family. He came from a family of strong abolitionists. His father had founded the National Freedman's Relief Association. Before entering the army 2 years before Shaw was studying in the best school in Europe, but he was not the best of students and did not practically like school and did not want to continue his education there for he joined the army. Two years later he was asked to head the first black regiment in the Union, he turned down his first invitation in 1863 by Massachusetts governor John A. Andrew, to head the 54th Massachusetts Regiment, but then when asked again he accept and began recruiting men for his new regiment and the first official regiment of black soldiers in the Union Army."
Tags: 54th, blacks, civil, confederates, mass, war, american, army
Abstract "Las Colonias" are comprised of Mexican immigrants whose dreams were shattered when they realized the promise of the "American Dream" was merely a myth. This paper looks at the hazards of the drinking water in this region, and the government's policy in treating this problem. It analyzes whether the treatment is different because it is aimed at an immigrant population group.
From the Paper "When we speak of Third World countries, the vision that comes to mind is usually that of impoverished, yet geographically distant communities, which are a supplemental concern to issues in our own country. However within the United States, Third World conditions exist that affect not only the indigent communities, but the surrounding communities as well. One of the most notable of these is the area along the U.S.-Mexican border known as "Las Colonias"."
Tags: border, drinking, hazard, latinos, mexicans, poverty, safety, texas, water
Abstract The author of this paper has divided it into two parts to gain a better understanding of the Japanese wine market. The contemporary aspect of the general Japanese market has been presented within the first part. It comprises the domestic production trends, the importer trends, a consumption analysis and the legislative laws which influence the wine market. The second part of this article looks at the vehicle to enter and the distribution channels of this product. It discusses how wine be sold successfully and how it competes with the local wine industry. It also discusses importation tips for importers.
From the Paper "It is often said that Japan is one of the most difficult markets for a foreign company to penetrate. The lack of understanding of Japanese business culture and complexity of the market are seen as barriers to entry. Before we make clear why we choose wine to get in the Japanese market, we need to know what is the environment within and how we use the strategy to enter this market."
Tags: asia, direct, fdi, france, french, italian, italy
Abstract The paper shows that Flannery O'Connor has been acclaimed as well as criticized for merging comedy with brutality and tragedy through her literary work. Although her literary legacy is comprised of only 31 tales, 2 novels and a few letters and speeches, what has distinguished her from other writers is her ability to promote the South's identity and provoke examination of Christian dogma. This paper answers her critics and illustrates her substantial contribution to literature, particularly Christian literature.
From the Paper "Her work also concentrated on the degenerating South and its condemned citizens (http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/flannery.html, 1). O'Connor believed that the essence of the South is derived from a fount of faith and attributes "absorbed from the scriptures and from her own history of defeat and violation: a distrust of the abstract, a sense of human dependence on the grace of God, and a knowledge that evil is not simply a problem to be solved, but a mystery to be endured." O'Connor wished to portray the dualism involved in comparisons of grace and nature, the human and the God-like, the corporeal world and Heaven, the spirit/soul and the body - all competing components of Southern religion (Collum, 1995, 1). She presented a different perspective on Catholicism and the South, that no other writer had conveyed previously and which many writers afterwards sought to follow."
Tags: A, Good, Man, is, Hard, to, Find, A, View, of, the, Woods, Good, Country, People
