Abstract
This paper explains the importance of knowing how to write well and how to revise and edit well. The paper describes the difficulties most students face when they are asked to revise a paper they have written and why separating the writer's ego from the revision process is a prerequisite to good editing skills. The paper also looks at current methods for teaching revision and editing skills and suggests alternatives to these methods. Finally, two case studies are discussed in the paper.

Introduction
Revision and Editing: Difficulties
Revision and Editing: Advantages
Revision and Editing: Realities
Current Teaching Methods
New Ideas
Case Study - Actual
Case Study Method
Student One
Student Two
Corrective Methodology

From the Paper
"The eager freshman English writer comes to the process of composition with many pre-conceived, previously successful methods for editing a first draft. A favorite teacher's well-intentioned message, a parent's unskilled assessment, or the student's own perceptions can stymie the editorial and revision process."

Tags:well-crafted, paper, thoughtful, discussion, scholarly, dissection, structure, individuality

Abstract
This paper compares the Arts and Crafts and the De Stijl movements. It analyzes the features of each architectural movement individually and then compares the features between them. The paper then assesses their influence on contemporary British and Dutch architecture and design. The paper provides specific examples, with pictures of how the movements influence architecture today.

Table of Contents:
Objective
The Arts And Crafts Movement
The De Stijl Movement
Contemporary British and Dutch Architecture and Design
Three Development Routes in Dutch Urban Design
Summary And Conclusion

From the Paper
"The Dutch, as compared to other countries where demand is generally met by producing generic housing that is mass-produced allow the designers a chance to design housing units upon graduation from school in part because the designers are trained to ensue upon immediate work after leaving school. The Deflt University of Technology emphasizes knowledge of a technical nature and the architects have the know-how to begin building early in their career. The reasons that Dutch designers are so successful is the results of "a situation in which construction of housing has become so systematized that it has created a well-oiled machine to support the experimentation young designers embrace." (Tisma, Bijlsma, and Dammers, 2007) Furthermore, 'Concrete shells and standard window assemblies can be deconstructed and reassembled in new ways, and even the gridded landscape in which new housing estates appear give the architects a field within which they can experiment. In a sense the whole Dutch building trade subsidizes experimentation by collectivizing individual homes into large-scale systems within which architects can create innovative forms." (p. 286) One example of the new housing estate in the Netherlands is named Hageneiland and is located just east of The Hague. This property was designed by MDRDV and was completed in 2001. This property is comprised by 119 primarily rental units. The arrangement of the housing stood a row of houses that were poured into concrete frames along the road with small front and backyards. However two units were left standing closer to the road and moved a few back and so forth which created a small village of structures since the front was not closed. This results in more interaction between neighbors going to and front their homes. Each group of units is covered in one material: (1) red tile; (2) blue metal; (3) concrete panels; and so forth."

Tags:abstraction, modernism, building, terrace

Abstract
This paper discusses the Arts and Crafts movement of the late 19th century in Britain, specifically focusing on the design and aesthetic reforms that developed among two factions in the movement - the handcrafted school led by William Morris and that favoring machine-aided design championed by the aesthetic of Christopher Dresser. The paper includes an appendix of images of the designs of both artisans.

From the Paper
"The Arts and Crafts movement represented a reaction against the increasing industrialization of art and design in the late 19th century. Two of the leading proponents of the Arts and Crafts movement were John Ruskin and William Morris. In writing of the Arts and Crafts Exhibition Society, founded by like-minded arts and crafts artisans, Hamilton stated that it was the offshoot of work done by John Ruskin and William Morris Ruskin, an English writer, who argued that contemporary methods of mass production were..."

Tags:workshops, style, CAD, modern, contemporary art, wallpaper, household furnishings, metalwork, Orientalism, middle class, industrialism, industrial revolution

Abstract
The paper offers a hypothesis on the percentage composition by mass of magnesium oxide and outlines the materials and procedure used in the experiment to test the hypothesis as well as the observations found. The paper then lists the calculations that determined the percent composition by mass of magnesium oxide is 35% oxygen and 65% magnesium. The paper includes a discussion on the results obtained.

Outline:
Purpose
Hypothesis
Introduction
Materials
Procedure
Observations
Calculations
Conclusion
Discussion

From the Paper
"The percentage composition is essentially how much of one element is contained within a single compound. The law of definite proportions states that a specific compound will always have the same elements within it by definite proportions of mass [ref 1]. If this law is determined to be true, then that would mean that the percentage composition of any given substance should be the same throughout multiple samples. The magnesium strip of metal is polished with steel wool to remove any contaminants that are on the strip. The contaminants on the strip of metal could come from the natural state of the air, the container they were in, or anything that has come in contact with the magnesium. When magnesium is combusted (burned) it produces a white-powdery substance that is also known as magnesium oxide."

Tags:materials, procedure, observations, definite, proportions, reaction, crucible

Abstract
The following paper is a brief summation, an annotated bibliography, of five scholarly articles that deal with the factors impacting bacterial compositions in lake and other water reservoirs. The paper notes how some phytoplankton appear much more resilient than others and respond surprisingly well to things like acidification or to increased temperature.

From the Paper
""Effects of PH on Algae Community Composition Brettum, Pal. (1996). Changes in the volume and composition of phyto-plankton after experimental acidification of a humic lake." Environment International, 22(5): 619-628. The above study looked at the effects of experimental acidification on the phyto-plankton volume and composition in Lake Skjervatjern in Norway. In Basin A, the acidified basin, there were marked changes in the phyto-plankton composition and in the percentage of the main algae groups in the years 1991-92. Specifically, the percentage of green algae decreased - especially a species called Oocystis submarina v. variabilis -..."

Tags:annotated, bibliography, algae

Abstract
This paper discusses the Chinese painter Ni Zan's minimalist style, providing a historical background and a synopsis of the painter's life. The author explains how these throw light on why Ni Zan painted landscape scenery and why he did it in the minimalist style; his conflict with the Mongolian regime pushed him to eremitism, where he simply painted simple nature. His craft and technique were detailed, however, such as his use of the canonized tri-part type composition. "The Rongxi Studio" captures the essence of Ni Zan's painting style, as it shows how he incorporated the Chinese painting tradition before him into his work, transforming it into his own minimalist style and compositionally arranging figures with different brushstroke patterns to produce dramatic tension within his painting. By comparing this painting to another by Ni Zan and to a painting by Wu Zhen, the author shows how Ni Zan's minimalist style contrasts sharply with orthodox Chinese painting during his time.

Outline:
Introduction
Historical Context
Ni Zan in the Late Yuan Dynasty
From Politics to Painting: Ni Zan's Perspective
Visual Analysis
Compositional Arrangement
Brushstroke: Avoiding a Static Depiction
The Minimalist Style of Ni Zan
Poetry as Purpose
Comparative Analysis
The Studio and Wu Zhen's Fishermen
The Studio and Six Gentlemen
The Uniqueness of the Studio
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Ni Zan's political reclusion shaped his painting. His retreat to the waters and his Neo-Confucian ideals aided in the way he painted. His simple depictions of stones, trees, and mountains showed a spirit of aloofness and detachedness to society, but incorporated the quiet waters as symbols for his meditative moods and deepest thoughts. He accumulated numerous amounts of nicknames that portray his personality; including "The Very Quiet One," "The Child of Clouds," "The Spotless Scholar," and "The Unapproachable Ni." The impact of the Mongols and the rebels forced Ni Zan to live in seclusion, and thus, his personality as well as his perspective on painting was influenced. Ni Zan painted landscapes; he did not paint actual people. Ni Zan, with his aesthetics, wanted to capture nature without humanity--without Mongols or rebels--and we can see through The Rongxi Studio how his personal perspective of humanity and nature are tied into his painting."

Tags:monochrome, tangential, silhouette, geometric, allusion, inscription, interpretation, depiction

Abstract
A report on ancient Egyptian jewelry. The author focuses on how the jewelry was crafted, specific styles of jewelry, and their symbolic meanings.

From the Paper
"Ancient Egypt is known for its awe-inspiring monuments, mysterious mythologies and legendary treasures. Its history is rich and complex, reaching far back into the beginnings of civilization and spanning thousands of years. Much of what we know about this ancient culture comes from the ancient artifacts it has left behind. Among these is the multitude of its beautiful jewels. What types of jewelry did the ancient Egyptians wear and how was it significant to them? How did they manage to create such incredibly intricate and unique jewelry? "

Tags:craft, art, composition, meaning, symbolism, symbolic, symbol

Abstract
The paper provides an overview and analysis of the life and art of Edmund Blair Leighton, a Pre-Raphaelite Victorian painter who painted highly finished and decorative depictions of Victorian life as well as history works. The paper explains that the subjects of Leighton's works were highly romanticized and idealized, and this has led to modern criticism of his work as being merely decorative and somewhat irrelevant in relation to more "serious" art. The paper asserts that Leighton provides well-crafted and harmonious compositions that are more than just attractive wall hangings, and his art is still relevant today because its style and subject matter show evidence of a longing for a world that is more refined, ordered and heroic than the often harsh and unromantic world of today. The paper concludes that Leighton's work may be seen as romantic idealism, but his art depicts his subject matter with such clear lines and tones that it succeeds in creating a sense of longing for a better world. This paper contains a photo of one of his paintings.

From the Paper
"In this light, it is therefore not surprising that in a world that has become often mechanistic and mundane, that paintings which espouse romantic and higher ideals are still admired. In other words, we still find value and have an attraction for paintings which appeal to our sense of order, proportion and harmony. What also should be taken into account is the nostalgia for the heroic and romantic past, which could also go a long way to explaining the contemporary popularity of his works."

Tags:artist, colors, classic

Abstract
The paper looks at how in "My Name is Red", author Orhan Pamuk crafts a novel featuring a love story, a murder mystery, and most of all, a philosophical examination of the relationship between art and politics in the 16th century Ottoman Empire. The paper explains that the relationship is characterized by Pamuk's novel in terms of the threat Islamic fundamentalists and some establishment authorities in Istanbul perceived in foreign art. The paper describes how in the process of this characterization, he explores the differences between Eastern and Western art, the causes and consequences of their respective styles, the distinctions between Islamic and Western artistic perspective and composition, and the political, cultural and religious causes of these differences and distinctions.

From the Paper
"In "My Name is Red", author Orhan Pamuk crafts a novel featuring a love story, a murder mystery, and most of all, a philosophical examination of the relationship between art and politics in the 16th Century Ottoman Empire. This relationship is characterized by Pamuk's novel in terms of the threat Islamic fundamentalists and some establishment authorities in Istanbul perceived in foreign art. In the process of this characterization, Pamuk explores the differences between Eastern and..."

Tags:orhan, pamuk, novel

Abstract
This paper discusses a number of considerations when planning a program for wind band concerts and when expanding a band's repertoire. The author examines various articles, which focus on the challenge of finding new music, selecting it, and its appropriateness for a given level of skill in any particular band, especially in educational institutions.

From the Paper
"Reynish, following Frederick Fennell, feels that Vaughan Williams and Holst should rightly be considered "the basis for the whole development of 20th century wind literature", but also adds that new works have figured in his work at the Royal Northern College of Music significantly recently, with Sir Richard Rodney Bennett having "contributed three major works to the wind ensemble repertoire." Reynish writes that other major 20th century composers to consider include Gregson, Bedford, Woolfendon, Wilby, Ellerby, Gorb and Buxton Ozz."

Tags:intermediate, compositional craft, constructs holst audience