Abstract
The paper explains that compiler programs translate one computer language into another. The paper outlines the history of compilers, identifies their various functions and lists the types available. The paper overviews the design of compilers and also discusses the trend towards special function compilers that are capable of generating multimedia presentations in an automatic format.

Outline:
Introduction
Compiler History
The Functions of a Compiler
Compiler Types
Compiler Design / An Overview
Compiler Design / Front End Compilation
Compiler Design / Middle End Compilation
Compiler Design / Back End Compilation
Special Cases - Multimedia Parsers
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Compilers are relatively new to the world of computers. Since early computers had little memory, programs were far shorter than those seen today. Rather than write the program in a language, which needed to be translated by the computer, the early program would enter the program directly into the computer in a form, which the computer recognized without translation, such as binary code.
"It was as a result of programmers becoming tired of entering machine-readable code into a computer, which spawned the development of the first compilers. These rather primitive programs translated the programming language through mnemonics, which were executable by the machines."

Tags:data, translation, multimedia, presentations

Abstract
The paper describes the proposed product known as Custom Compilations, that will allow people to go into a record store and purchase only the songs they want. The paper discusses how the rise in legal music downloading, the decrease in illegal music downloading, lawsuits against piracy and the fact that many people in America do not and will not access the Internet at home will contribute to the success of Custom Compilations. The paper explains the benefits to producers, retailers and consumers alike.

Outline:
Introduction
The Consumer Need
The Solution
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Have you ever been to a record store and bought a CD with a song you like, only to find out that's the only good song on the entire CD? It makes you feel like you've wasted your money. CD stores have come up with a way to satisfy their customers, allowing them to make sure they like the album before they buy it. Stores have kiosks where you can scan any album in the store and listen to the songs on it. But customers who do find that there's only one good song on the album usually don't buy the album. They'll go home and download the one song they want (whether legally or illegally). But the people who don't have computers, or don't have internet access, or just don't have the knowledge of how to, cannot go home and download the song they want. They still have to buy the whole CD if they really want that song. Well, we've come up with a solution for these people. This solution is "Custom Compilations." It will allow people to go into a record store and purchase only the songs they want."

Tags:Internet, piracy, peer-to-peer, programs, songs, albums, CDs, mp3, kiosk

Abstract
This paper provides an exploration of "Diapsalmata" by Soren Kierkegaard, a Danish philosopher. The paper explains the "Diapsalmata" is a compilation of aphorisms that delves into an exploration and understanding of the human condition. The paper goes on to clarify that Kierkegaard, in true keeping with existential beliefs, highly regarded the meaning of human existence and held the notion that individuals should choose freely and learn to understand the concept of truth through experience and the attitudes and emotions that coincide with each experience. The paper also discusses the similarities between Kierkegaard's philosophical beliefs and those of Rousseau and Nietzsche in terms of the high regard for experience and emotion rather than mechanical acts that humans perform daily. Finally, the paper asserts that Kierkegaard may have influenced the work of Freud and his interest in the part of the human psyche he referred to as the "id," and thus, many aspects of modern psychology dealing with the significance of irrational human nature may be accredited to Kierkegaard's beliefs.

From the Paper
"It seems that Kierkegaard's "Diapsalmata" and Either/Or as a whole work has impacted the field of psychology quite intensely. According to Hergenhahn, Kierkegaard's ideas have helped to form "the third-force movement in psychology, exemplified by the theories of Rogers, Maslow, May and Kelly" (p. 207). In addition, it seems that many of Kierkegaard's ideas may have influenced some of Freud's studies on human nature due to Freud's interest in what he referred to as the "id", or the irrational, emotional, animalistic side to our behavior as humans. Perhaps with warranted credit to Kierkegaard and his "Diapsalmata", we now have many aspects of modern psychology dealing with the significance of irrational human nature."

Tags:existentialism, nietzsche, rousseau, aphorism, freud, id

Abstract
The first website I selected for this assignment is http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/perscontents.html it is a compilation of personality theorists gathered by Dr. C. George Boeree, Psychology Department at Shippensburg University. The website has a Deutsch and Spanish version and can be downloaded as a pdf. The website is an electronic book with the table of contents on the right side of the page listed as the names of personality theorist. The list is extensive and appears reliable (Boeree).

From the Paper
Personality Theory #1 Websites validity and reliability: The first website I selected for this assignment is [1]http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/perscontents.html it is a compilation of personality theorists gathered by Dr. C. George Boeree, Psychology Department at Shippensburg University. The website has a Deutsch and Spanish version and can be downloaded as a pdf. The website is an electronic book with the table of contents on the right side of the page listed as the names of personality theorist. The list is extensive and appears reliable (Boeree).

Tags:personality, theory, analysis

Abstract
This paper discusses the essays that are compiled in "Muy Macho: Latino Men Confront Their Manhood," edited by R. Gonzalez. It discusses the content of the specific essays, "I'm the King: The Macho Image" by Rudolfo Anaya and "The Puerto Rican Dummy and the Merciful Son" by Martin Espada. The paper focuses on the relationship between fathers and sons and the outcomes that may be present when sons grow up without fathers.

From the Paper
"There is also a stigma often associated with children that do not have fathers. There seems to be the automatic assumption that these children will be delinquents. In some cases it is evident that this assumption can be extremely detrimental and damage the will of children that may want to rise above their circumstances. After all there are many people that have gone on to live productive lives in spite of the fact that they grew up without a father. However, people who do rise above their situation quite often have positive male influences such as a teacher, uncle or community leaders. As such it is safe to assume that positive male influences and fathers in particular are desperately needed in our society."

Tags:delinquent, parent, society

Abstract
This paper contends that out of all the protagonists he painstakingly described in his novels and short stories, the one which came closest to the real Ernest Hemingway was one of his earliest creations, Nick Adams. The paper discusses how Nick's trials and tribulations were featured in a series of 'coming of age' short stories, which were assembled in the compilation, "In Our Time", originally published in 1930. The paper defines Nick Adams as serving as Hemingway's literary alter-ego, a man who was on a personal quest to embody his definition of a macho hero, the man who could stoically overcome any obstacle without registering any outward emotion.

From the Paper
"The first offering, "Indian Camp," is a story which describes Nick accompanying his physician father to perform a Caesarean on a pregnant squaw. Dr. Adams describes the serious medical situation in clinical, matter of fact terms, telling his son, "Listen to me. What she is going through is called being in labor. The baby wants to be born and she wants it to be born. All her muscles are trying to get the baby born. That is what is happening when she screams" (16). The unsettling quiet of the labor is disrupted by the woman's desperate cries of anguish. There is, in these remote surroundings, naturally, no type of anesthetic, and Nick becomes increasingly agitated by the pregnant woman's obvious distress. "

Tags:nick, adams, indian, camp

Abstract
This paper compiles a learning profile for middle 30s to early 40s. Certain assumptions were made about this age group in order to classify the information gathered. It is assumed that this age group falls into the Generation X, or Thirteenth Generation of the United States, because the ages fall within the age ranges for GenX. It was also determined that this age group is a small portion of the late-boomers, or Baby boomers, due to the ages designated as well. The author discusses interesting facts about this learning population including that they are thought to be dependent on the instructor for direction and motivation, but adult learners are self-directed and self-motivated. This generation benefits from a myriad of teaching methods incorporated from both pedagogical and andragogical areas.

From the Paper
"Learning Activities: Mutual Consent Motivated by external factors such as grade, learning activities should be standardized with uniform progression for all parties involved. "Learning activities such as internal areas in need of progress the educator needs to create conditions to help the student discover needs, and adapt to change" (Bale 2000) as quoted by Bale."

Tags:profiles, generation, andragogy, pedagogy, adult, strategy, plan, prepare

Abstract
This compilation was written by Jon Sciezka and illustrated by Lance Smith. It is an interesting example of this phenomenon of how in much of children's literature; a text cannot be separated by the illustrations that accompany it. This paper shows that the stories may touch children's imaginations and hearts, but they are also aimed at the adult audience due to the way they contain a parody of certain elements of children's literature.

From the Paper
"Children's literature aimed at young children poses a unique challenge for an individual attempting to analyze a work of fiction. Normally, the student of fiction can quote from the text with a reasonable expectation that the attitude of the text can be conveyed to the reader of the essay. Simply by reading the selected, quoted passage the reader of the essay ought to get a sense of the book. However, when discussing a picture book, conveying the tone of a work becomes more difficult because the illustrations and the words are inexorably linked. Often, to a very young or pre-literate child reading the book, the pictures are even more important than the words."

Tags:child, story, literature, book, fable

Abstract
This paper explains that Java is a somewhat unusual language, because it is able to both compile and interpret the program through the Java interpreter. It explains how the Java compiler transforms the program into the .class extension bytecode, while the interpreter executes the program repeatedly.

From the Paper
"The Java containers have a principle by which they organize the objects and an interface. As an example, stacks can be organized according to the FILO principle ("first in, last out") and this will mean an interface defined as having two methods: push () and pop (). As for simple containers, these generally have standard add and remove methods. Containers of this type simply gather the objects and than pull it out according to a principle. More complicated containers are the key containers. These types of containers use a key in order to extract the object from the repository. For this to work, the key object returns a unique code for each object."

Tags:code, compileer, program, container, bytecode

Abstract
The paper shows how Itanium's design, the product of a partnership between Intel and HP, revolves around on a concept called EPIC (explicitly parallel instruction computing). It explains that all modern CPUs have some capacity of running multiple instructions from memory simultaneously. Most CPUs are looking for convenience to process instructions in parallel. The paper describes how EPIC shifts efficiency for this analysis from the CPU hardware to the programming language compiler used to effect the application. The paper describes how Intel's niche marketing campaign came about when the company realized Itanium's effectiveness of floating-point math and data handling - something which is used in a variety of things ranging from encryption to digital video encoding.

From the Paper
"The Itanium processor owes a lot of its approved performance capability to the fact that the CPU, like a RISC processor, has few supervisor circuits to slow it down with the need to identify resource conflicts. In the case of Itanium, this becomes the responsibility of the compiler. While most other CPUs in general use do parallel processing behind the programmer's back, Intel and Hewlett-Packard make use of what Intel calls explicitly parallel instruction computing. With EPIC architecture, the instruction set count on the programmer to grant hints about branch optimization, loop optimization, and memory access. This means lesser transistors expended on cycle-consuming supervisors, which means more transistors on the chip to do more concrete."

Tags:Unix, McKinley, Hewlett-Packard, RISC, Hitachi