Abstract
The paper explains that historians argue whether women experienced advances in freedom and equality under the rule of the Soviet Union between 1921 and 1939. The paper reviews the available literature in an attempt to disseminate the truth from fiction as to the advances, or lack of advances, in society during this time period. The paper relates that the lot of women, particularly those in the lower classes of Russian society, certainly changed for the better after the revolution of 1917. The paper explains, however, that underneath the facade of advances for women, dark agendas were lurking for the taking over of countries such as the United States. The paper discusses how the methods proposed to do so would undermine the society through creating dissension and revolution among the female members of the United States.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Background
Literature Review
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"The year of 1917 in Russia began with a Romanov monarchy however, just a few months later the Bolsheviks came into power with their leaders under indictment for state treason. The Russian society was in a state of conflict between the classes when this change of power came to be. According to the work of Leon Trotsky entitled: "The History of the Russian Revolution" a problem exists in that "society does not change its institutions as need arises, the way a mechanic changes his instruments. On the contrary society actually takes the institutions which hang upon it as given once for all." (Trotsky, 1930) According to Trotsky "the masses go into a revolution not with a prepared plan of social reconstruction, but with a sharp feeling that they cannot endure the old regime.""

Tags:female, feminism, Communism, Trotsky

Abstract
This paper discusses "The Different Drum," in which M. Scott Peck relates how he first developed a sense of community in his own life and then seeks to apply the lessons learned to global issues. The writer examines Peck's rules for community-making and the relationship that Peck sees between community building, religion and international peace. The writer concludes with a definition of religion and notes that Peck's ideal of a more integrated religious community worldwide could provide grounds for agreement on many issues in international relations.

From the Paper
"The role of religion in international conflict is far too often as a motivating force bringing about such conflict. Peck (1987) says this is because world views are religions and make all wars into "holy wars." To move away from this situation, it is necessary to distinguish between true and false religions: "Otherwise the only standards will be those that can win out over the others on a bloody battlefield" (p. 240)."

Tags:integration, integrity, communication, globalization, tension

Abstract
This paper explores the debate over the legitimacy of the exclusionary rule, which was created by the courts to protect the Fourth Amendment rights of the accused. The paper explains that many people in the law enforcement community believe that this rule is useless and a hindrance to their jobs, while others believe it helps ensure that they take the time to do their job correctly. The paper analyzes the possible ramifications of abolishing the exclusionary rule, as it sometimes means that valuable evidence is thrown out. The paper concludes that the result of abolishing the exclusionary rule would be law enforcement officers searching under every rock, house, and person in hopes of finding the evidence they seek, and walking all over the citizens' private lives in the process; therefore, the answer to whether the exclusionary rule should be abolished is "no."

From the Paper
"The costs of the exclusionary rule are obvious; some criminals who are probably guilty of their crimes go free because of the exclusionary rule. The benefits of the exclusionary rule are just as obvious. A good officer who gets his or her evidence thrown out because of a bad search will learn from this lesson and work harder to make sure that everything is in order before he or she proceeds to search or execute a warrant, therefore not infringing on the Fourth Amendment rights of criminals."

Tags:criminal, justice, technicality, evidence

Abstract
This paper critiques America's foreign policy and argues that the United States has become the greatest obstacle to establishing the rule of law in international affairs. The paper also provides research that supports this viewpoint. The paper maintains that rather than utilizing its position of power in order to act as leaders in the promotion of the rule of law in the international community, the US has opted to base its foreign policy on the rule of power, finding it preferable in the furthering of American interests.

From the Paper
"Rather than utilizing their position of power in order to act as leaders in the promotion of the rule of law in the international community, they have opted to base their foreign policy on the rule of power, finding it preferable in the furthering of American interests. In doing so, the United States has sent the message to the international community loud and clear: they will do whatever they want, whenever they want, and no one can stop them. Time and time again, they have demonstrated an utter and blatant disregard for international treaties. This attitude becomes even more appalling when considering that these are treaties to which they belong. Furthermore, their ongoing track record of inexcusable military operations is nothing less than atrocious."

Tags:foreign policies, international relations, U.S, politics

Abstract
This paper explains that the European Economic Community (EEC) was established to lower custom barriers between European countries and to create greater political cohesion and ultimately an economic entity, which would increase Europe's power in the world market. The author points out that the major reasons Germany, which was more familiar with federalism, wanted the states of Europe to join together as a European federal state were: (1) The quicker the integration process, the shorter time period needed for Germany to overcome the loss of the war and the status of being the 'loser' of the war and (2) if a European union would control all members, then there would be less or even complete avoidance of discrimination towards Germany by other nations. The paper stresses that the major reasons Britain, on the other hand, did not want to be a part of a united Europe were: (1) They viewed unification as a European super-state being run by the Britain's oldest rivals French and German and (2) Britain, having had a stable democracy for many centuries and never having been subject to totalitarian rule, saw themselves as different and unlike any fellow European member.

From the Paper
"At the end of the Second World War, Europe was devastated and economically exhausted, and its most urgent need was to restore its economy. In this situation two great powers, the United States and the Soviet Union, uneasily confronted each other across Europe. Europe would be organized in such a way that war between Western European countries could not recur. There was an urgent need to construct war shattered economies that led the countries of Western Europe to begin working together. Finally, after long and complicated negotiations, the "Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) was signed in Rome on March 25, 1957 and came into affect in January, 1958." (Palmer and Lambert, 1968, 33). What this Treaty established was a European free trade eliminating all tariffs on trades between members of the EEC, which included Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, France, Luxembourg, and the Federal Republic of Germany."

Tags:federalism, customs, cohesion, reconstruction, wwii

Abstract
This paper deals with factors affecting the development of intra-regional trade within the Andean Community and ways in which this trade could be increased through economic measures while avoiding breaking international trade rules. The paper identifies changeable problem issues, by briefly examining the history of the Community and identifying some of the problems presented by the Community's current organization and execution of its objectives. It concludes by recommending workable solutions to these problems.

From the Paper
"The Andean Community has the dual distinctions of being one of the oldest regional arrangements in Latin America and being the second largest such arrangement in South America. Though it had a rather unsteady start, over the last decade, due to large movements towards liberalization on the part of its member nations it has seen rapid growth. This growth, while phenomenal, has mainly been concentrated in its exports to third party nations, and while intra-regional trade has improved significantly, there remains quite a significant amount of room for improvement. Given the recently made commitment to the creation of an Andean Common Market by 2005 , and the high levels of support for the project in both the public and private sectors, it is increasingly important that the Community address the issues causing its intra-regional trade to lag behind its external trade. Especially as there is the possibility that in many cases simple policy interventions could generate commerce and stimulate intra-regional trade. This plan will therefore endeavor to identify changeable problem issues, by a) briefly examining the history of the Community, b) identifying some of the problems presented by the Community s current organization and execution of its objectives, and c) recommending workable solutions to these problems."

Tags:barriers, development, imf, international, regionalization, technical, trade, wto

Abstract
This paper examines the ethical dimension of staffing at a community college. The author focuses on the tension between formal hiring rules and practical requirements. The paper describes the interaction of staffing practice with the uncertainties about the role of technology in education.

From the Paper
"Valley College (the name has been changed for confidentiality) is a public two-year community college. A family member of the current writer is an instructor there and has sat on hiring committees and in other respects afforded the writer at close second-hand view of staffing policy and practices. While the perspective thus gained is inevitably subjective and incomplete, it provides an experiential viewpoint of features of staffing practice that would be difficult or impossible to gain through public documents. The following discussion ...."

Tags:staffing, hiring, promotion, public, education, computers

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of the FCC's recent rule changes regarding broadcast ownership in the United States. Specifically, it will discuss what is involved, the arguments on both sides of the issue, and the relative relationship and authority between the FCC and Congress in this dispute.

From the Paper
"The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) recently issued new rules regarding broadcast ownership in America today, and the rules have generated great controversy since they were announced. Basically, the "FCC's rules make it easier for media corporations to buy more newspapers and television stations but tighten radio ownership rules" (Ahrens). Many critics of the new rules believe that allowing huge media corporations to buy even more newspapers and television stations would not only create a monopoly on the media in many areas, it would create a large lack of independent thought in the news and media. With a few large media corporations controlling essentially all of the media in many areas, free thought and expression would be replaced with a corporate spin on all the news available in the area. Before the FCC passed the new rules, millions of Americans voiced their displeasure over the new rules by writing letters and sending petitions to Washington, however, the FCC chose to ignore the pleas of the citizens, and OK'd the new rules in spite of the growing voice against them."

Tags:broadcast, media, radio, television

Abstract
This paper cites and details the findings of the anti-harassment officer for Northern Community College in a case involving a student and an instructor. First, the officer explains the issues in the case at hand, and then describe the relevant principles that have informed his adjudication process. Finally, the paper delivers his decision.

From the Paper
"As the anti-harassment officer for Northern Community College, it is my duty to rule on the case of the student (referred referred to here as Mr. X), and the instructor (referred to here as Prof. Y). I will first explain the issues in the case at hand, and then describe the relevant principles that have informed my adjudication process. Finally, I will deliver my decision. The Issues: In this situation, we have the difficult problem of weighing up the rights of a student against the rights of an instructor. As pointed out by Morris..."

Tags:equity, disability, racism

From the Paper
"EC Competition Law and Market Integration
Introduction


This paper will discuss the broad policy of competition law within the European Community. Specifically, the paper will examine the development of competition law in light of the objective of constructing an integrated market within the Community. This objective apparently outweighs all others in EC competition law. In other jurisdictions, the overriding concerns have been economic efficiency and fairness. The European Community, while recognizing these concerns as important, has made a conscious decision to subordinate them to economic integration. As a result, decisions of the European Commission and the European Court of Justice differ from competition and antitrust case law in other countries, especially the United States."