Abstract
Writing as an established conservative thinker and analyst, Edward Luttwak has made a substantial critique of contemporary economics in his book, "Turbo Capitalism: Winners and Losers in the Global Economy". Luttwak agrees that the shift within "free-enterprise Capitalism" to what he calls "turbo-Capitalism" is only a matter of degree, but he also argues that this shift has been sufficient to create an ongoing dynamic of structural change that is destroying lives, families, firms, entire industries, communities, and even nations. Luttwak is concerned by the adverse social impact of a "supercharged" form of global capitalism that emerged in the 1990s. He articulates a form of social conservatism that restores economics to its proper relationship with the social and environmental spheres.

Abstract
This essay analyzes the globalization of the world, using the U.S. during the American Revolution as a microcosm for the eventual world economy that will, with some help, someday emerge. Using Marx's ten planks of the "Communist Manifesto" and the principals espoused by Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson in "The Federalist Papers," it also argues that a change in the current world view regarding private property is inevitable if capitalism, as Adam Smith foresaw, is to continue to exist. Lastly, it warns of the dangers of not integrating the new economic system slow enough so it can be absorbed peacefully by the newly formed global society.

From the Paper
"The implications of Adam Smith's, On the Wealth of Nations, is often not taken to the ends that it predicts, even by economists. In modern times, politicians and economists leave the macro picture at a world of separate nation-states, each independent and sovereign, at the same time tied together by the invisible hand of economics. In this picture, the free markets regulate prices according to the utility of the goods being offered to the buyers, and governments play little to no role in the distribution and regulation of commerce. This however, is not an accurate depiction of the ends which would occur in the short run, possibly for hundreds of years. What this picture fails to realize is the social ramifications that a quick redistribution of wealth (much as the one many in China and the U.S. are trying to force onto the global populous) would have on a newly emerging global society, and the psychological affects that human beings would inevitably encounter."

Tags:alexander, communism, economics, free, globalization, hamilton, jefferson, machiavelli, markets, marx, money, political, politics, science, socialism, thomas, trade, world

Abstract
Though the effects of globalization are generally perceived as good, this blurring of boundaries also generates concern. Globalization is much more than a liberalization of trade, engendering a series of significant social effects as well. These dual effects illustrate how globalization is much more than the liberalization of trade. This paper looks at one major result of globalization the centralization of international business infrastructures such as telecommunications and finance in what Saskia Sassen has termed the "global city." Using Sassen's theoretical framework, this paper examines the factors that characterize a global city and the role these new global cities play, both within their own nation states and in international trade. These factors are then applied to analyze London as a global city. The paper then examines the social costs of globalization as manifested in the city of London. It explores how development policies geared towards creating major capitals of finance have also resulted in greater disparities of wealth, by engendering phenomena like gentrification and the transnationalization of labor. These theories are again applied to the London experience.
Finally, this paper draws on the experience of London as a global city and proposes the integration of "social development" principles put forth by Susan Fainstein, to propose better globalization policies that promote a global city's progress on the international economic stage without neglecting the needs of the marginalized members within its community.

From the Paper
"These increased investments also served to attract foreign banks into London, as well as highly skilled people to provide the much-needed financial and technical expertise. The concentration of networks and people also made London a center of information, where relationships between people and corporations can be built. Though not as significant as its financial resources, the network of personal and business relationships also helped London become an important business center. Not coincidentally, the opening of cafes, restaurants and other such meeting places also increased with London's growing economy, another indication of the auxiliary facilities needed by a global city.
Finally, in keeping with Sassen's observations regarding the darker side of global cities, the London government has consistently passed regulations that favor the economic development and the needs of big business, even at the expense of its poorer residents. This is illustrated more fully in its treatment of its worker and immigrant populations, and in the case of the regeneration of the Docklands, at the time the world's largest redevelopment project that eventually caused the bankruptcy of the world's largest office developers."

Tags:New, York, Tokyo, Docklands, John, Eads

Abstract
This paper addresses China's constant economic growth in the last few decades. The paper discusses the reasons why China has been able to become one of the big players on the global market in the 21st century - the adoption of the market socialist system and a third-way approach that combined the usual stern Communist approach with an open market economy. The paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of this approach towards globalization and states that even if GDP growth rates continue to rise as well as standards of living, the disparity between the rich and the poor will have to be looked at in order for China to truly prosper.

From the Paper
"However successful and however high the GDP growth rates continued to be, as well as the rising standards of living, the country still experiences some of the classical traits of pure capitalist economies: a certain disparity between the rich and the poor, a decrease in state subventions etc. As long as the government will be able to tackle these concerns and retain a sustainable development of the economy, it is likely that China will become one of the most prosperous countries in the world. However, the authorities will need to watch for popular discontent following income inequality."

Tags:sustainable developments, communism socialism globalization capitalism

Abstract
This paper takes a look at Dani Rodrik's book, 'The New Global Economy and Developing Countries'. According to the paper, the barriers that once stood in the way of developing a global economy, such as transportation, communication, and currency conversion, have now been taken down by the airline companies, the Internet, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Trade Organization (WTO). The paper further discusses how a country which engages the world in an open mindset is able to import and purchase ideas, goods and services, capital, and institutions because of its positive relationships, and working agreements with other nations.

From the Paper
"Large differences in growth curves exist between developing nations over the past decade. Many countries, such as those in the Pacific Rim, that pursued macroeconomic stability, liberalized trade, and implemented market-based reforms in the early to mid-1980s are now well established as the high performers in the developing world. Their policies have enabled them to better withstand adverse external developments and unpredictable market variables. More recently, many other developing countries have adopted similar policy frameworks and have, in turn, made substantial progress in fostering macroeconomic stability. For many of these countries growth has exceeded expectations, and their prospects are better than they have been for some time. Growth in a number of other developing countries remains weak, however, and there are at present relatively few indications of improvement. Although policy differences do not fully explain the growth experiences among developing countries or within an individual country when compared to its neighbor, over time the lack of economic stability, inadequate and distorted financial markets, unproductive state intrusion, and inward-oriented trade policies all act to restrain growth. Although simple comparisons with the strong performers point to relatively straightforward explanations for the difficulties of low-growth countries, a closer look at their experiences suggests that their failure to grow at more satisfactory rates is attributable to a complex set of interactions among policy failures, poor governance, lack of incentives for reform, and adverse external developments. "

Tags:conflict, resolution, mechanism, government, social, conflict, developing, nation

Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of several sociological based articles that explore the topic of capitalism as it pertains to globalization. Using the article 'Democracy and Global Capitalism' written by Gordon Laxer in 1995, the paper compares the ideas promoted by Laxer as a springboard to examine later published ideas regarding corporate social responsibility and capitalism trends around the world.

Outline:
Introduction
Laxer's Springboard
Supporting Laxer's Thoughts
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Additionally the article moves to explore the changes that have taken place in recent decades that have worked to build power for corporations instead of allowing the power to be held by the individuals that work for them. Reminding the reader that under the Gerald Ford administration a practice began in which the corporations did allow individual workers to own pieces of the company and allow them to garner a slice of the profits gains he then takes the reader on a tour through history in which after that era corporations began to exercise the advances in technology and globalization to threatened employees with moves across seas if they demanded higher wages or pieces of the profits(Laxer, 1995). Moving entire manufacturing or other operations overseas became a reality for many companies as they escaped ecological mandates, labor laws and wage demands by doing so. This recent turn of events provided corporations with the power politically, socially and economically(Laxer, 1995)."

Tags:economic, corporation, manpower, technology, transnational

Abstract
This paper defines globalization as a process that is leading the world towards economic integration that goes beyond states and local economies. The paper discusses how globalization refers to the growing sense of interconnectedness throughout the world and not in just an economic sense. The people asserts that, on the contrary, globalization is evident in all the key arenas of modern life.

Tags:globalization, massmedia, globalcitizenship

Abstract
The divisions visible in the contemporary world are not surprising. Social divisions have existed for centuries, whether based on class, gender, ethnicity, religion, or other factors. The global, interactive, and homogenous aspects of the contemporary world would have been less predictable, even fifty years ago.

From the Paper
"The Emergence of the Contemporary World

Introduction
The divisions visible in the contemporary world are not surprising. Social divisions have existed for centuries, whether based on class, gender, ethnicity, religion, or other factors. The global, interactive, and homogenous aspects of the contemporary world would have been less predictable, even fifty years ago. There was a great deal more isolation, separation, and difference during the World War II period and its immediate aftermath. Yet, there were indications of movement toward the present situation."

Abstract
This paper discusses the issues of tourism and immigration as major factors which assist in globalization. It addresses the points of foreign labor, recruitment, cultural concerns, immigration and job displacement.

From the paper:

"In many countries, where tourism has become a major export industry, the hospitality sector is the focal point for concepts of globalization to take root. Indeed, tourism has become the world?s largest export industry, involving as it does enormous cross-border flows of people and capital. The hospitality industry is one of the world?s largest employers and arguably one of the largest traders of foreign currency. It is often also a focal point for local society, and is clearly at the center of the transfer of ideas and the cross fertilization of cultures. At its heart, the hospitality industry plays an important part physically in bringing people together in a global community. And those countries suffering from trade imbalances due to high imports frequently look to tourism and hospitality to close the gap. Hospitality is thus not only an industry, it is a concept -- and a major force in the rapidly evolving global marketplace. "

Tags:business, culture, local, trade, hotel, environment, borders, economy, migration, foreign, native, development, social

Abstract
The paper discusses how both Mongolia and China have Communist legacies and how, after the end of the Cold War, the situation in both countries evolved towards a type of socialism that adapted to an extent to the current realities of political and economic globalization. The paper compares the political situation in both countries and explains that the Mongolian state has been forced to attempt to democratize, while China has the luxury to maintain its political structure intact and to still advance technologically and become one of the most important economies in the world. The paper concludes that China is an example of the way in which socialism can contribute to modernity.

From the Paper
"The history of Asia can be considered to be one of the most controversial, dynamic, and interesting segments of the history of our civilization. This is largely due to the fact that the region experienced along the centuries several influences in terms of political, economic, and social aspects. However, one of the most important ideas related to the evolution of the area is the communist influence which developed as part of the political environment in the region."

Tags:democracy, capitalism, socialism, Communism