Abstract
Every facet of human investigation, from spirituality to mathematics, suggests the inevitability of inequality. Stasis, in the natural order, does not last eternally; every natural system is always in danger of descending into chaos without intervention. This paper argues that should equality ever be achieved, it, too, would be in danger of disintegrating into inequality. The paper shows that, while a number of social reformers, including Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and Karl Marx, espoused a society without inequality, in fact, it seems that each believed inequality was inevitable. The paper also uses an analogy from the series "Star Trek" to discuss a utopian society.

From the Paper
"It is easy to conclude, then, that Marx and to a lesser extent, Durkheim and Weber were erroneous in their thinking that inequality could be eradicated. Indeed, from the unworkable premises they set forth with their inherent quandaries about who is in charge of determining equality, and does that make the decider unequal? it is apparent that in human society, no less than in the porcine society of George Orwell's Animal Farm, inequality is inevitable."

Tags:Picard, socialism, communism

Abstract
This paper critically examines the issue of growing economic inequality in China. It discusses the issue in terms of its historic development and how it has shaped China today. It also describes its implications for China's future social and economic evolution and discusses the reason that this problem has been masked in the popular view of China today as an economic superpower.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Ideology of Equality in Communist China
China's Economic Reforms and Increasing Inequality
The Scale Inequality in Contemporary China
Inequality and Political and Migration Pressures
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In conclusion, the increasing levels of inequality in China - not only in terms of rural vs. urban, but also inland vs. coastal - present a clear and present threat to the legitimacy of the Communist government given its ideological origins in socialist egalitarianism. While the economic development of China and its opening to world trade has brought great wealth and development to parts of the country, other parts have suffered even more so. The geographic localization of this problem in rural/inland areas, as well as the discontent of many migrant workers in the urban areas, represents a disturbing prospect for the future of not only stable economic development in China, but for the continued rule of the Communist party and political stability in China as a whole."

Tags:communism, migration, superpower

Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the various facets of inequality as it pertains to urbanism, gentrification, lack of presence in advertisements, private communities and so forth. The writer discusses in what ways inequality is present in society. For the purposes of this discussion several different sources are used including books, newspapers and journal articles. The writer notes that results of the research demonstrate that those who are in positions of power use various tactics to remain in power and even enhance their power. The writer concludes that the research seems to suggest that issues of inequality will continue to persist for years to come because those who are in positions of power want to remain in power.

Outline:
Introduction
Methods
Findings and Analysis
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Indeed the findings of the research suggest that there are several ways in which privileged groups operate to maintain their privilege. One of the most obvious areas of inequality can be seen in the manner in which products and services are advertised. Upon observing condominium advertisements located in The Toronto Star and Globe and Mail news papers it was evident that certain groups were not represented in the images presented. For instance, none of the advertisements had any visible minorities. In fact the people pictured were always white. In addition, although many women were pictured in advertisements, the images were sexually suggestive in many instances. Observations of advertisements also found that images of elderly [people were scarce. In fact, most of the people send in the images were middle aged. There also seemed to be some preferences for attempting to gain the attention of upper class individuals through the advertisements. For instance, most of the condominium advertisements would not see any potential buyers unless they had appointments. Presumably having to set up an appointment is designed to weed out individuals that are not of a certain income level."

Tags:power, discrimination, groups, superiority

Abstract
This paper discusses how, in chapter 7 of "Inequality, Development, and Globalization, Ellen Meiksins Wood gives an account of globalization, from the perspective of development geography. In particular, the paper looks at how Wood argues that despite arguments to the contrary, globalization has tended to increase economic divergence, both within countries and within the global community. The paper also explains that, in this chapter, Wood uses a range of evidence and two case studies (in the Pacific Islands area and in Latin America) to make an argument that the neostructuralist perspective is the most accurate and useful for analyzing the implications of globalization for the Third World. The writer of this paper then makes the argument that Wood is incorrect in this analysis, and that in fact the dependency/post-development perspective is more useful for analyzing globalization and predicting its outcomes.

From the Paper
"The author backs up his contentions with economic evidence - but oddly enough, it is evidence that seems to be contrary to his conclusion. He draws on a range of evidence, which illustrates the integrative nature of development geography, that is, the fact that many spheres of human activity must be taken into consideration in order to analyze diverse patterns of well-being among the various people of the world. For example, he provides global statistics on income, life expectancy and education, as well as information on global disparities in income per capita. He shows how massive is the digital divide, i.e. the difference between rates of internet use in the developed and developing world."

Tags:third, world, neostructuralist, economic, divergence

Abstract
This paper analyzes issues of gender inequality and the relevance of feminist epistemology in information systems. It reviews three articles, "Feminist Philosophy and Information Systems" by Alison Adam and Helen Richardson, "The Army and the Microworld: Computers and the Politics of Gender Identity" by Paul Edwards and "Slouching Toward the Ordinary: Current Trends in Computer Mediated Communication" by Susan Herring.

From the Paper
"In conclusion, these three articles on gender role allocations within CMC and IS provide a varied, yet informative view of the historical, social, and feminist ideology of patriarchal systems. However, it is the Adam and Richardson article that best defines the role of empiricism and objectivity in determining the epistemological problems of patriarchal constructs in computer communications. Although a historical analysis of the feminist movement and the current issues of generational decay may inherently be problematic in modern IS, the issue a feminist ideology that must define the reality of gender disparity is the more important premise of the research done by Adam and Richardson."

Tags:patriarchal, CMC, systems

Abstract
The paper reviews three articles on gender role allocations that provide a varied, yet informative view of the historical, social, and feminist ideology of patriarchal systems. However, the paper asserts that it is the Adam and Richardson article that best defines the role of empiricism and objectivity in determining the epistemological problems of patriarchal constructs in computer communications.

Tags:feminist, computer, systems

Abstract
This paper discusses equality in the workplace in Ireland. It analyzes the several processes in Ireland that are showing that a long-term plan exists to combat inequality and to reestablish equality among all peoples. It also discusses the role of equality in community work and then briefly summarizes the processes that are currently in place.

From the Paper
"On a national level, there are some key goals to reach this equitable society. For example, Pobal in 2007 seeks to expand their partnerships that offer services to the unemployed, community development, and community based youth initiatives to cover the entire country (Pobal). This national coverage will bring a consistent growth of equitability to the nation. Similarly, the Combat Poverty Agency seeks to provide stronger access to quality services in 2007, also focusing on stronger distribution of income (Combat Poverty Agency)."

Tags:status, society, legislation, employement

Abstract
This essay presents a brief overview of the differences between Karl Marx's communist philosophy and Adam Smith's philosophy on capitalism. The paper explains that while communism began in a spirit of mistrust to the fundamental principles of the industrial revolution and sought to undo some of mass production's inequities, capitalism, on the other hand, viewed industrial production and the subsequent division of labor in factory work as a boon to society.

From the Paper
"In contrast, Marx wrote with horror about how workers were alienated from their means of production. In other words, for the enrichment of the factory-owner, the worker rented out his or her body, and was forced to produce far more pins than he or she could ever conceivably require. Marx delineates in Chapter 7, Volume 1 of Capital, an extended example by which the spinning labor of a worker confers value upon thread, turning it into cloth. The factory owner does nothing, the capitalist experiences no wear or tear upon his or her body, but simply owning the factory. The capitalist profit more through the ownership of the factory and the means of production than the laborer does by toiling all day, and providing his or her functionality as an implement."

Tags:government, control, economic, means, production, individual, freedom, marketplace

Abstract
The paper examines J.S. Mill's and Karl Marx's critiques of existing "society" and their very different views of the correct ways to remedy social inequalities. The paper explains how Mill sees society and regulation of political liberties such as free speech as the core threats to human liberty, while Karl Marx uses an economic paradigm when viewing what constitutes human rights. The paper also shows how both men have fundamentally different views of the worst types of harm that can be inflicted by a tyranny upon the citizenry. The paper does identify some similarities in the perspectives of Mill and Marx, and then offers the personal opinion that Marx's critiques seem visionary, while Mill's faith in the need to do the greatest good for the greatest number seems too easy.

From the Paper
"Both John Stuart Mill and Karl Marx saw the structures of the societies in which they lived as fundamentally threatening to human liberty. "Workers of the world unite, you have nothing to lose but your chains!" reads some translations of the last sentence of The Communist Manifesto. However, because of the different philosophical paradigms these two philosophers adopt, they take very different views of the correct ways to remedy social inequalities. Mill sees society and regulation of political liberties such as free speech as the core threats to human liberty. A politically free society with liberal democratic ideals will thus free humanity. In contrast, Karl Marx uses an economic paradigm when viewing what constitutes human rights "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles," he writes in the first sentence of the Manifesto. The governance of society may take the form of liberal democracy, but if it allows for private property, a tyranny of the bourgeois is the result, as the property-owning classes will dominate the mechanisms of government and use it to enforce their interests."

Tags:liberty, tyranny, bourgeoisie, workers, class, sovereignty, communism

Abstract
This paper provides an overview and commentary on the video documentary "Children in America's School," which is based on Jonathan Kozol's "Savage Inequalities" and focuses on the Ohio public school system. The paper discusses the challenges faced by school in low-income communities, including outdated books, few computers, limited supplies, poor nutrition and dilapidated, overcrowded conditions. The paper asserts that such conditions send the message to students that school is not important and they are not good enough to warrant government attention and funding. The paper explores the discrepancies between such underfunded schools and those that are located in wealthier communities. The paper correlates this grim reality with evidence of national oppression that is endemic within the American school system. The paper concludes that while some changes were made to equalize funding in schools when legal segregation ended, the educational experiences for minority students have continued to be substantially separate and unequal.

From the Paper
"Students are also at a disadvantage because often they come from illiterate families that do not encourage reading outside of school, and these low-income schools have limited reading materials to provide students. A majority of children attending low-income schools come from families that do not even provide them the care and support they need, and government is not doing a good job making up for that by ensuring a good quality education. Many inter-city and rural slum students in Ohio are losing enthusiasm and dropping out of school at higher rates than ever. With no strong educational foundation and no role models, students do not think they are going to college and do not see a point in continuing going to school. This only adds to the crime rate in these areas and more money must be spent on building prisons, when the state would actually save money if they simply provided a better education for everyone."

Tags:underfunded, minority, teacher, underprivileged