Abstract
The paper explains that some of the critical issues facing Faith Community Hospital, which the hospital needs to address, are basic financial problems; the conflict between the organization's spiritual heritage and values and the ethics of the medical profession; non-compliance with government, managed care, insurance regulations, and non-adherence to hospital operational policies. The author points out that Faith Community Hospital has an organizational management problem, which needs to be thoroughly analyzed rather than trying to solve the various problems piecemeal. The paper states that, although the mission statement of Faith Community Hospital implies a broad goal of promoting the health and well-being of the people it serves within a framework of spiritual values, it can be inferred that the organization suffers from an absence of clear-cut policies and goals that are specific, measurable, targeted, and time-specific.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Identifying the Key Issues
Organizational Mission, Culture and Processes
Organizational Goals
Defining the Problem
The Mission Statement
The Absence of Clearly Defined Organizational Goals
Alternative Strategies
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Recommendation
Conclusion
Appendix 1: Affinity Diagram
Appendix 2: Fishbone Diagram

From the Paper
"The mission statement plays a critical role in setting direction and laying the foundation for the culture and goals of any organization. Indeed, this is clearly expressed in Hyrum Smith's model of instructive goal setting, which is commonly referred to as Smith's "Success Triangle." This model places an organization's governing values at the base of the goal setting process and recommends that goals must be linked to specific governing values in order to be meaningful and to help the organization achieve its mission (Parker, 2003). The mission statement of Faith Community Hospital appears to adhere to the strategic principles inherent in Smith's "Success Triangle" to the extent that it clearly emphasizes the organization's commitment to promoting the health and well-being of the people in the communities it serves, using its spiritual heritage and values as the foundation. However, since spiritual values can vary vastly across religions and individual beliefs, Faith's mission statement has led to broad individual interpretations that have, in turn, led to an organizational culture, which allows too much leeway for individual decision-making. This is evident in the anecdotal cases cited by the CEO of doctors independently deciding to either treat patients pro bono or insisting on insurance coverage prior to commencement of treatment; the pharmacist filling prescriptions for uninsured patients; and the inconsistency in adhering to hospital policy in areas such as "Do Not Resuscitate" (DNR) decisions."

Tags:financial, non-compliance, policies, analyze, measurable

Abstract
This paper explores how the communication processes are associated with child abuse. First, the paper gives statistics about child abuse and gives a definition for this form of domestic violence. The paper further shows how the communication problem in regards to child abuse is linked to a lack of ability to communicate on the part of one of the parties involved in the abuse. Graphs and diagrams are used to visually explain the communication process and its breakdown. The paper concludes by giving suggestions about preventative measures that can be put in place to help reduce the instances of child abuse and neglect.

TOC:
Introduction
Understanding the Communication Process
Understanding Child Abuse
How the Two Impact Each Other
How Can the Communication Process Be Improved to Prevent Child Abuse
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The communication problem in regards to child abuse is linked to a lack of ability to communicate on the part of one of the parties involved in the abuse. A build up of frustration as a result of the lack of communication abilities often leads to abuse. Other communication problems that result in abuse relate to confusing array of messages on the abusers part. This includes messages about self-worth, affection, and religious beliefs. All humans have a need to be accepted and or needed. Low self-esteem is a result of that need not being met. Many abusers possess this trait. For many it is the driving force behind their actions."

Tags:child abuse, communication, preventing child abuse, domestic violence

Abstract
This paper critiques "Advisee-Advisor Communication: An Exploratory Study Examining Instructional Communication Variables in the Graduate Advisee-Advisor Relationship", a scholarly article taken from a communications journal. The article was written by Narissra M. Punyanunt and and Jason S. Wrench. First, the paper briefly describes the article by examining its purpose, research questions or hypotheses, method of research, how the research was done, and the area of communication theory that is covered. Then, the major conclusions reached by the article's authors are discussed. Next, the results are evaluated as to if they constitute good theory or not. Finally, the significance of the conclusions are evaluated as to its respect to communication theory.

From the Paper
"Having to select between the various and sundry communication theories that are available and studied among scholars, such as mass communication, public communication, small-group communication, and interpersonal communication, this writer chose the latter. The particular article that was chosen for critique was one entitled, "Advisee-advisor communication: An exploratory study examining instructional communication variables in the graduate advisee-advisor relationship." This article from the journal Communication Quarterly was published in 2004, written by professors Narissra M. Punyanunt of Texas Tech University and Jason S. Wrench of Ohio University Eastern. "

Tags:interpersonal, communication, theory

Abstract
This paper examines ways in which communication can be improved in healthcare facilities. The reviewed studies emphasize improving communication in nursing care and residential home facilities. Additionally, the paper includes the traits of effective leaders (administrators, directors, etc.) in the healthcare system and the importance of their communication skills. It also examines how healthcare leaders in general can improve their communication skills, and examines ways for staff, patients, and patient families to improve communication between themselves. the paper concludes with suggestions for better communication.

From the Paper
"Ludden states that communication is a learned skill and includes both verbal and nonverbal messages. The importance of communication according to Ludden cannot be over-emphasized given that ... percent of each person's day is spent communicating in some form and that communication is pivotal to fostering personal academic and professional success. In the healthcare system Leonard Graham and Bonacum point out that poor communication can and does result in not only organization confusion and mismanagement but more importantly in patient injury and sometimes..."

Tags:communication, nursing, residential home facilities, healthcare, patients, staff

Abstract
This essay examines the limitations of communication models by examining the writer's own communication skills and interactions. Covered are Linear & Interactive models of Communication, proxemics, gestures, body-language, non verbal communication, barriers, language, active listening, self-disclosure, Johari window & self reflection.

From the Paper
"Most of the verbal communication is from one individual to another. This is true in a family, social, or a work setting. One-on-one verbal communication affords the greatest opportunity for precise communication, because immediate feedback from the receiver can tell whether the message has been understood accurately. However communicating effectively involves more than just accuracy. The purpose of most communication is to influence the attitudes and behaviors of those whom we address. Since the human race is composed of billions of individuals, each with a different way of responding, no one approach is universally effective. It is therefore important to learn to express ones self accurately and in a way that will accomplish the purpose toward the individual being addressed. (Lewis & Slade 2000)"

Tags:communication, evaluation, johari, models, self, window

Abstract
This paper discusses theories of cross cultural communication and applies them to Arab business communication. It uses a study of Kuwaiti businessmen's attitudes toward Western communication styles and activities. The paper reviews relevant literature on the subject.

From the Paper
This report first examined the professional and scholarly literature on cross-cultural communication and its underpinning theory. The report contains ..."

Tags:crosscultural communication, Arab culture, Arab communication, Western communiction, Western Culture

Abstract
This paper shows that Nitric Oxide (NO) is a very popular compound to investigate in the scientific community today. It is physiologically ubiquitous as a potent vasodilator, neurotransmitter, and immuno-active agent at low concentrations and it is produced and recycled in the respiratory tract to regulate the airway. This paper discusses in detail the mechanism behind oxygen binding and release by hemoglobin as it relates NO bound to the Hemoglobin. The oxygen affinity dynamics of native Hemoglobin and nitrosylated Hb are compared. The research also reveals that although NO has a much higher affinity than oxygen or carbon monoxide for Hemoglobin, NO behaves differently than these other ligands and is not as toxic to normal Hb oxygen binding as previously assumed.

From the Paper
"Small, unicellular aerobic organisms can obtain oxygen required for metabolism by simple diffusion from the environment. Most multicellular organisms have too great a surface area and many cells not in contact with the environment. They require circulatory systems that transport oxygen from gas-exchange organs to other tissues. In vertebrates, oxygen is bound to molecules of Hemoglobin (Hb) or transport in Red Blood Cells. Mammalian Hemoglobin is a tetramer, consisting of four polypeptide chains; two a and two b. Six ligands are coordinated to the ferrous iron, with the ligands in octahedral geometry around the metal cation (figure 1). In aqueous solution, free heme does not does not reversibly bind oxygen. Instead the Fe(II) is rapidly oxidized to Fe(III) when it gives up an electron to oxygen. The quaternary structure of hemoglobin prevents formal transfer of an electron and allows it to reversibly bind O2. Positively charged amino acid residues stabilize to negatively charged diatomic oxygen without an ionic bond. Hemoglobin unbound to oxygen is called deoxyhemoglobin and has a low affinity for oxygen. Once one oxygen molecule binds to the Fe, the proximal Histadine (figure 1) moves closer to the porphyrin ring because the Fe is now bound to six ligands instead of five. This disrupts the stabilizing ions that interact with Hb. The remaining Heme groups have an increased affinity for Oxygen. In addition to this positive cooperatively of binding, allosteric interactions regulate the binding and release of oxygen by Hb (Horton, 1996)."

Tags:binding, hemoglobin, nitric, oxide, oxygen

Abstract
In this article, the writer refers to Whorf, then other cultural arguments citing language's dictation of gender expectations and forms. The writer provides a critical reflection on what language can tell us about social interaction, nearness and affinity rooted in a shared language as well as what a language means of itself in terms of symbolic community or identity; two examples: interaction on the Toronto transit system where Toronto English is spoken and Chinese Culture as reflects a language whose gender differences were removed, tend to prevail, and have no special meaning attached.

From the Paper
"This paper explores a number of theoretical interests pursued by anthropologists and others that pertain to language in relation to culture, behavior, gender and varied processes seen in human interaction that may involve more than one language known. The topic seems important given what can be taken for granted when referring to language or the ability of persons to understand one another simply because they have a language in common. Benjamin Whorf's claim to languages as imparting different ways of thinking is known to be too narrow."

Tags:language, gender, distinctions

Abstract
This paper shows that despite the terrible conditions under which American slaves were forced to live, they were in many ways successful in establishing stable slave communities. They were also successful in maintaining their sense of wholeness, both as individuals and as members of their original cultures, by depending on what culture they could transport with themselves ? mostly in the form of stories, songs, music and dance. The paper shows how these slaves relied on a sense of family (often based not on consanguineal or not only on consanguineal bonds but also affinal ones), as well as religion, often the adopted Christianity of blacks in the New World.

From the Paper
"Slave religions usually had a supreme being and a host of lesser spirits - some brought from Africa, some borrowed from the indigenous people of the New World, others created entirely anew in response to local conditions (Young 91). The ability of religion to be such a source of strength for so many slaves was the result in large part from the fact that there were no firm boundaries between the secular and the sacred, which infused all things and activities. At least initially African slaves universally believed that posthumously they would return to their lands and rejoin their friends: This was no doubt of some comfort to those enslaved and taken so very far from home (Young 94)."

Tags:abolition, racial, discrimination

Abstract
This paper describes studies that enable the understanding of the elements of cultural diversity, the factors that lead to a successful organization, the dilemmas confronted by organizations desiring to acquire and maintain organizational diversity and how diversity influences the operations of organizations. The paper also discusses some studies and theories such as 'social identification and categorization theory' and 'similarity/attraction theory', which show a negative link between diversity and organizational behaviors. The paper states that even though there have been studies and theories showing a negative relationship between diversity and organizational performance, there have been several studies and theories which show a positive link. These studies and theories are discussed at length in the paper, which attempts to show that diversity influences organizational behavior and is essential for positive organizational performances. Finally, the paper discusses the elements required to bring about positive organizational performances as a result of the efforts of diversity.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"When HR practices agree with the generation of a workforce that has the talents required to transform diversity into a benefit, diversity is considered to give rise to positive performance results. In other organizations, but HR practices might unintentionally lead to teams which are different, however not dexterous with regard to diversity management. Such organizations are considered to have negative experience, like disruptive conflict as well as enhanced turnover that could inhibit the performance outcome."

Tags:dynamics time, readily detected attributes, communication affinity