Abstract
This paper is a brief essay regarding the challenges that a young person from Iran faces in a new world and culture. The essay outlines some of the challenges faced and also explores the individual's view on giving back to the community. The paper concludes that there is a "cause-and-effect" relationship between healthy community role models and a healthy community.

From the Paper
"Being a student from Iran and trying to gain a diploma in a new land presents many challenges. The following brief paper will outline the challenges that any young student placed in such a circumstance must confront. The paper will also examine communal responsibility and how a young person can give back to his or her community and make that community a better place for everyone. In particular, this paper will look at the "cause-and-effect" relationship of being a positive role model to young people. "

Tags:challenges, culture, responsibility

Abstract
This paper provides step-by-step practical advice regarding a community's decision to construct a skating park. It looks at location, materials, method and style. It also lists the advantages to the community if such a complex would be created.

From the Paper
"In many communities in the United States, there are not but a few safe places where children and teenage can play sports safely. Some teenagers in today's society like to skateboard in a skate park, however, there are not many of them in rural community. Therefore, most children and teenagers skateboard on an unsafe ramp create themselves. When living in a rural community, the best solution for this problem would be to find grants to help out financially with the skate-park for the people who wish to build a proper one. And, there are some guidelines to follow to build a safe and healthy skate-park environment. For the rural community to have their own skate-park is a great idea since it is their children who are skateboarding on it. Therefore, every community skate-parks are needed should look into it so that their children would be safer."

Tags:skate, sport, children, safety, construction, urban, rural

Abstract
This paper discusses the history and practices of the Oneida community of New York. It analyzes the leadership of John Humphrey Noyes, the evolution of the group and its attempts to combine communal living, polygamy and Christian beliefs to create a modern utopian community.

From the Paper
"The concept of complex marriage was clearly revolutionary in the eyes of the majority of the country. Such a practice directly conflicted with the traditional religious views of most Americans, as did many of Noyes beliefs. However, there was some overlap in religious tradition. While Noyes was not a fan of church structures and public religious ritual, individual study of the Bible did occur and was encouraged within the Oneida community. In terms of labor division, Puritans believed in the concept of individuals being put on earth to fulfill certain tasks and roles. Similarly, the Oneida workforce allowed for members with a special skill or great interest in certain areas to use their constant work in such positions as a means to give back to the community and achieve happiness."

Tags:christianity, commune, communism, noyes, polygamy, religion

Abstract
This paper talks about the communal identity of the blacks that helped them become stronger and more powerful during the hardships of the 1930s. The picture of "Mrs. Mary Willis," by Jack Delano, represents a strong and determined black woman, not needing any type of help or support, and able to deal with the adversities of the economic crash and the natural disaster of the Dust Bowl. On the other hand, Richard Wright's article, "Joe Louis Uncovers Dynamite," represents the communal identity of the blacks, and how unstoppable and overpowering they can be once they come together as a collective group. The paper discusses how the blacks were represented differently by different people, why Delano portrayed blacks as powerful individuals, while Wright portrayed blacks as having a potential identity as a community that could have an impact in their social status during the 1930s.

Tags:african, american, culture

Abstract
This essay discusses the concept of outsourcing and all the factors involved. Outsourcing has become a controversial topic because it involves a transfer of ownership outside of the country, and there is an imbalance in the benefit to poor versus rich countries. In today's society the challenge is to decide whether to advance with outsourcing or to keep business at the status quo. This essay argues that with our changing economy, the only way to survive in the fast paced business world is to globalize.

From the Paper
What is driving outsourcing to its maturity? As the controversy of outsourcing intensifies and the pace of life accelerates, the challenge to advance or keep things current at the very least, in preparation for the demands of the future is fast becoming a survival issue. Since it became possible for information to be exchanged across international borders and varying time zones through the Internet, our way of life has changed as a direct result."

Tags:outsourcing, global economy

Abstract
This paper explains that the system of feudalism took care of the nobility and was often not beneficial to the lower classes. It examines how this system dictated that land and property be governed and distributed and how each social class fit into the picture. It also discusses the importance of the manor in the feudal system.

From the Paper
"During the Middle Ages, the feudal system flourished because of the economic benefits that it provides for both the lords and the vassals, the primary elements concerned in the said system. Under feudalism, citizens of a nation are governed by the lord, which is often the King belonging to the monarchial system of government. The history of feudalism is mainly rooted in the political situation of Western nations during the Middle Ages. During this period, nations are currently undergoing political turmoil because of colonization and invasion of non-Christian soldiers. In order to preserve their kingdom, the monarchy sought the help of the barons, who are next in line in the society's political hierarchy. The Kings guaranteed the barons' help by giving them lands in which they can gain economic profit and gain. The barons will be able to help by providing knights where the King can use for his fight against the invaders of his kingdom."

Tags:lord, serf, manor, kingdom, baron

Abstract
This paper discusses the rise of the Community Orientated Policing and Problem Solving (COPPS) program, showing the positive influence it has had on tough neighborhoods and the satisfaction a community feels in having helped make theirs safer.

From the paper:

"Crime is an issue of paramount social importance, one that directly and indirectly affects each and every member of society. The costs associated with crime are not merely financial. Emotional costs result when a criminal murders or severely injures an individual=s family member or close friend, or when an offender is incarcerated, depriving his or her family of the emotional and/or financial support. Public concern has increased over specific aspects of the crime problem in recent years, namely domestic violence, drug-related crime and violence, gang-related crime and violence, juvenile crime, prison reform, and the role of television in producing violence. Community Oriented Policing and Problem Solving (COPPS) gathered momentum in the 1980s and focuses on partnerships between communities and police officers, i.e., empowering citizens to shoulder their share of the responsibility and tough work of making their neighborhoods safer."

Tags:crime, communal, enforcement, police, justice

Abstract
This research paper investigates the impact of e-communities. It defines what an e-community is and how a virtual community differs from a "real" community. It also looks at the ways in which virtual and "real" communities are similar. The paper then provides some examples of and specific characteristics of e-communities and looks at some of the dangers and mis-communications in regard to e-communities. The paper contains charts and figures.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Abbreviations
I. Introduction: The "Dawn" of E-communities
Virtual or E-Communities
Hypothesis
Research Questions
An E-Community Consists of . . .
Aims and Objectives
Scope of Study
Following Chapters
II. Literature Review: The Community in E-Communities
"Being" a Member of an E-community
E-community Components
Examples of E-Communities
Concerns & Dangers involved in E-communities
Potential Benefits of E-communities
Emerging E-communities
Communication: Central to Community Life
Dating E-communities
E-community Chat Rooms
III. Methodology: Making "Sense" of E-Communities
Representing Communities
Explanation of Approach
Questionnaire Answers
Investigation Factors
IV. Analysis: Estimations of E-Communities' Impact
Composites Clarified
E-communities Depicted
The Battle for the Hearts and Minds
Top 10 E-communities
Family Depiction
Data and Charts
V. Summary: Consensus of E-Communities Contributions
E-Community Reflections
Summary
Aims and Objectives
Discussion
Limitations and Recommendations
For Further Consideration
On and Off Line
Conclusion Regarding Verdict for Hypothesis
Limitations and Recommendations
For Further Consideration
Appendix

From the Paper
"One way eBay nurtures trust is through its reputation system while its success has been attributed to its commitment to developing a sense of community. eBay attracts and retains buyers and sellers to its site by affecting exchanges that are satisfactory to both buyers and sellers. eBay also provides information, learning opportunities, as well as personal development pursuits and fun, and relaxation. As e-bay implements specific strategies, along with the particular social psychological framework noted by Scott and Johnson (2005) to be described by Beenan et al. (2004), the e-community ensures individuals' responses are acknowledged, while they may also be recognized and rewarded. In August 2004, the average eBay user remained on the site for one hour and 48 minutes, which in 2040 denoted the longest time duration of any Web site."

Tags:communication, chat, network

Abstract
In this paper, the writer focuses on the role of communication within a design team. This includes the objective of exploring how communication plays a role in the creation of total design process management. It is a widely accepted fact that communication facilitates the development process and progress of a team's work. With communication, an exchange of information and ideas is made possible. In this view, this paper generally explores the importance of communication in design team management.

Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. Background of the Study
II.I The Importance of Communication Within a Design Team
II.II How Communication Affects Team Relationship and Team and Client Relationship
II.III The Total Design Process Management Through Better Communication
III. Relevance and Significance of the Study
IV. Objectives of the Study
IV.I Communication
IV.II Client
IV.III Leadership
V. Research and Methodology
VI. Review of Literature
VI.I Design as Communication
VI.II Communication in Design Teamwork
VI.III Formal and Informal Communication
VI.IV Communication and Design
VI.V Client
VI.VI Communicating With Clients
VI.VII Leadership
VII. Conclusion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"How many times did we try to do a certain task or activity without having to communicate our ideas, questions, and needs, to those who might have provided us with help to accomplish our tasks faster and easier? How many times did we succeed when we allow our communication open to others? And how many times did we fail when we close our doors to communication? These are some of the questions that can help us in our goal of exploring the role of communication in design management.

Communication is a very important element of our daily living. Whenever we are, whatever we do, communication always plays an important role. There may be different possible methods of communication nowadays, but there is only one general objective why we communicate - that is, to achieve our goal. Whether we are within our daily or usual activities, or at work, we communicate to be able to meet our needs, such as to know the answers to our questions and to share our ideas. These all end up to our need of meeting our goals. For instance, we communicate our uncertainties at work to meet our goal of providing efficient output or services to our clients. Otherwise, if we do not communicate, chances are we may produce the wrong output or an unsatisfactory work performance."

Tags:communicate, performance, work, goal

Abstract
This paper states that communication apprehension is a problem for much of the population. The paper then goes on to analyze communication apprehension in a group of teachers using relevant theoretical concepts and perspectives. The paper also makes recommendations on how the problem can be resolved, based on interpersonal communication perspectives. The paper reviews the literature relating to communication apprehension and states that there are differences to consider in the manner in which males and females communicate.

Outline:
Introduction
Communication Apprehension Examined
Characteristics Of Communication Anxiety
Six Typical Cognitive Distortions Identified
Strategies For Coping With Communication Apprehension
Peer Feedback: Enabling Communication Skills
Differences In The Way Males And Females Communicate
Summary & Conclusion

From the Paper
"The work of Horwitz entitled: "Communication Apprehension: Origins and Management" states that the "treatment of communication apprehension is a natural fit for speech-language pathologists because many patients with clearly diagnosed communication disorders have anxiety about communicating that may or not may not be related to their presenting problems. In addition, speaking anxiety is a common universal problem among people without communication disorders." These reasons according to Horwitz, is convincing that ..."the study of communication apprehension warrants the attention of speech-language pathologists who can, with additional training, easily develop the expertise to treat the multitude of people who suffer from this problem." (2001) Horwitz relates that the work of Marshall (1994) states findings that thirty percent to forty percent "of the general population considered public speaking their number one fear, surpassing fears of heights, sickness, loneliness, and the dark."

Tags:communicate, aprehension, male