Abstract The paper discusses how the basis of the commongood in Plato and of God in the philosophy of Leibniz reflect similar ideals about what is good in society for the human race. The deconstruction of Roman Catholic dictates of Original Sin reflect a blessing in the work of Leibniz as Plato dictates the natural order of things in man, explaining ignorance to be a perfection of existence on Earth. The paper discusses that however, mankind has the ability to use reason and rationale in having a choice in either evolving to a higher state or devolving into chaos.
From the Paper "This philosophical study will examine the basis of the common good in "The Republic" by Plato in comparison to the notion of "god", as described by Leibniz in his "Discourse on Metaphysics." By understanding the soul in relation to the religious dictates of Christianity, one can compare Leibniz to Plato in understanding the good in relation to existence. By realizing the nature and imperfections of mankind, Leibniz exacts the same conclusions on the "common good" as Plato depicts in "The Republic." "The Republic" by Plato defines the necessary elements of the just soul in relation the society that is created through this philosophical treatise. The duality of the human nature is divided into the rational and the irrational, which both have a common place in the behaviors that mankind is free to enact."
Abstract This paper follows the course of a legendary myth: "The Feud Between Horus and Seth". The writer examines this myth and finds the parallels to Christianity. It points out that even those who do not practice as Christians are well aware of the Bible's teaching of Lucifer, commonly known as the Devil, and God, a perfect example of good versus evil. The paper begins by reliving the myth of Horus and Seth, followed by the Biblical tale of the fall of Lucifer and the casting to Hell. It then looks at the aspects of these stories and explores commonalities that have transcended time and place to depict this constant struggle for one's very soul.
From the Paper "There is no rebuke that religion has played at the forefront of the Earth's Religions over time. These Religions or belief systems have ranged in iconology and practice but common threads are clear and concise. Most notably is the idea of "Dualism". Merriam Webster defines Dualism as a "doctrine that the universe is under the dominion of two opposing principles one of which is good and the other evil." With this definition we can further elaborate of the meaning of the concept as an intricate balance, here of good vs. evil. This theme may be as widespread as civilizations needed to classify their residents and at the same time teach them the difference between good and evil. Egyptians used Mythology to educate their society on behavior and religion. Myths are based on rivalry or struggle of the Myths characters."
Abstract The paper explains that the fundamental principle of the Enlightenment thinking was that human reason could combat ignorance, superstition and tyranny to build a better world, free from oppression. The paper discusses the Age of Enlightenment that guided the intellectual movement of the Enlightenment and the rise of humanism. The paper also looks at how Hobbes, Locke, Voltaire and Rousseau led the movement towards new social infrastructure that was created by nature to pursue a commongood. The paper shows how the range of ideas and revolutions brought about a reformation of social institutions and social systems in line with society's new aims of serving the collective good instead of those in control.
From the Paper "Political and economic thinking changed during the age of the Enlightenment because of a new global perspective that the age of the Enlightenment ushered in. This was an age that invited people to think differently and an age that empowered humanity with reason and a greater reliance on the power of their own intellect, history, and intellectual prowess. This was an era of the dawning of free thought, and the freedom of though in philosophy and humanities has had a concurrent effect on the way people saw the world, and the capabilities that human beings had as individuals in this new age."
Abstract This paper explains that Andrew Carnegie is remembered for two main achievements: The enormous amounts of money he amassed as an industrialist and his giving most of his money away to charity. The author points out that, if Andrew Carnegie had not lived in poverty in the early years of his life, he may not have been so very interested in giving away his money to other people or, if he had not been interested in the written word, he may not have given millions away to public libraries and for free education. The paper stresses Andrew Carnegie's strong contention that giving away one's wealth for the commongood was as important as making the wealth in the first place, the giving away must be done personally and it must be done in the right manner.
From the Paper "It must be noted that Andrew Carnegie considered education as being the veritable 'key' to life, and he was also extremely interested and also committed to the cause of an access to information. It is said that one incident in particular alerted Andrew Carnegie to this important fact, in the libraries of Colonel Anderson in Allegheny City, an incident that seems to have motivated him into donating enormous amounts of funds to the cause of library building all over the United States of America. As a matter of fact, over the doors of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, are carved the words, 'Free to the People', and this shows the spirit and the thoughts of the man."
Compares the United States duty of candor and good faith set forth in Title 37 Code of Federal Regulations to sections 45(3) and 101D of the Australian Patents Act (1990).
Abstract The paper analyzes and compares the consequences of failing to satisfy the duty of disclosure, candor and good faith at the United States Patent and Trademark Office, in particular as it applies in relation to the filing of information disclosure statements, to the consequence for failing to notify search results to IP Australia.
Outline:
Australian Patents Act (1990) - Sections 45(3), 101D and 102(2C)
Comparison
From the Paper "In order to establish a case of fraud, it must be shown that there existed an element of wilful, wrongful conduct, or wrongful intent before the Patent & Trademark Office, and that the wrongful conduct or intent attempted to impair, or actually impaired, the Patent & Trademark Office's ability to perform its statutory function . On the other hand, the lesser charge of inequitable conduct is established by showing that the information withheld was material, and that the misrepresentation was intentional ."
Abstract This paper discusses how Aristotle approached the issue of being good. He determined that a single act of goodness did was not sufficient to determine whether or not an individual was good. The paper further discusses how in committing a single act of goodness there was no true reflection of the individual's entire life as a good person. Therefore the only way to measure the goodness of a person would be at the end of life when all of the activities of the individual could be examined and a complete evaluation of goodness could be determined as reflected in the individual inner personality or soul.
Bertolt Brecht's 'The Good Woman of Setzuan' portrays the struggle to be good while living in a corrupt society and the delicate balance needed to survive within it.
Abstract An analysis of Bertolt Brecht's play 'The Good Woman of Setzuan'. Throughout the play Shen Te juggles her promise to be good with the necessity to be bad. The author finds through the protagonist and the creation of her doppelganger, 'The Good Woman of Setzuan' portrays the struggle to be good while living in a corrupt society, and the delicate balance needed to survive within it as seen in Shen Te's struggle as a good woman leading the life of a prostitute.
From the Paper "Shen Te, a good woman, a prostitute, and the only one willing to take three gods into her home is rewarded with 1000 silver dollars, with which she is to "above all be good"(712). This mission tears her in two. Shen Te and her doppelganger Shui Ta are in a delicate balance of power. Shen Te needs to keep her promise to the gods by being a good woman, helping those around her in need. Because Shen Te is too good, those she helps threaten to ruin her own survival. To remain a good woman Shen Te must create someone to fight for her. Like parents, both Shui Ta and Shen Te make up the whole of one unit. Shen Te is a nurturing, sweet mother-type while Shui Ta becomes a strict, disciplinarian, father-type. Through the protagonist and the creation of her doppelganger, Brecht's The Good Woman of Setzuan portrays the struggle to be good while living in a corrupt society, and the delicate balance needed to survive within it."
Abstract The following paper examines whether a retailer, specifically - TV World Ltd. is reliable for faulty tv sets, under the Sale of Goods Act 1979. The writer discusses the case study presented where TV World Ltd., a retail business, advertised a new 28 inch stereo television with teletext. The paper continues to examine how Ms. Hardy bought the television set for ?300 but after a month it broke down. This paper asserts that Ms. Hardy signed a clause in the sales contract excluding liability under the Sale of Goods Act. The writer looks at a number of points had to be considered before establishing Ms. Hardy's legal position. .
From the Paper "Under section 12 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 we can see that the TV World Ltd does have the right to sell the television in question. Section 13 ascertains that there is an implied condition that the goods will correspond with the description. Although Ms Hardy saw the TV in operation before he bought it, we can say that it was still bought by description as she was relying on the TV being a stereo model as described. TV World Ltd argues that as Ms Hardy should have realised that it was not a stereo model as she watched the set in the store. As Ms Hardy is just a consumer, she cannot be an expert in televisions and therefore it would be unfair to say that she should have known. We can see this in Beal v Taylor (1967) 3 ALL ER 253 where the plaintiff had inspected the car before she bought but later realised that it was an earlier model. The Court of Appeal held that the plaintiff was entitled to damages for breach of section 13 as she had relied on the description contained in the advertisement. Similar facts are found in the present situation and the goods have not corresponded to their description so TV World Ltd has breached section 13."
Abstract Nietzsche is known for his viewpoints on good and evil philosophy. This paper discusses the difference between good and evil. Nietzsche is known for the values that continue to affect us today.
Abstract The following paper considers good and evil as they appear in William Shakespeare's "The Tragedy of Macbeth" and Christopher Marlowe's "The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus". The present study examines good and evil in both the conceptual form and what could well be termed its objective correlative; how each are embodied within the plays.
Abstract This paper discusses the forces of good and evil and how man's character and nature is influenced by both childhood experiences and genetic composition. While in my personal opinion, a person's nature is dependent on his upbringing, some scientists maintain that there may be some genetic connection which urges a man to indulge in evil acts.
Abstract This paper examines the transformation of Katie in Nick Horby's novel, "How to Be Good" and her attempts to become a better person. The author points out Katie's understanding of human obligation. The paper explores her relationship with her husband.
From the Paper Nick Hornby's novel "How to Be Good" tells the story of Katie and David Carr, two Londoners blessed with most of the good things in life who are, nevertheless, committed to making the world a better place for the less fortunate."
Abstract In this article the writer offers an evaluation of television evangelist pastor John Hagee. The writer discusses the qualities that make a good pastor. The writer also evaluates whether Hagee is a good pastor. In this paper, Hagee's performance is evaluated in terms of empirical evidence and witness or experiential evidence.
From the Paper "A pastor, a term derived from the Greek word poimen referring to someone who shepherds sheep is widely considered an apt term for the New Testament pastor in the position of leadership in the local church. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate Pastor John Hagee a television evangelist and Senior Pastor of Cornerstone Church in San Antonio Texas, which is a large church with over ... "
Abstract This paper is an overview of sixteen common fallacies used in debate. The paper provides two examples of each in the hopes that students can better discern these fallacies when they emerge in debate and/or in academic literature. As a useful point, these examples can also be used to highlight the partisanship of leading politicians eager to spread their own agenda.
From the Paper "Ad Hominem: personal attacks of any kind are ad hominem attacks. Two examples would be Al Franken's loud denunciations of Bill O'Reilly and others while another would be someone dismissing George W. Bush's policies because he is (allegedly) "stupid". Ad Populum: Two examples of ad populum fallacies would be recent gall-up polls showing weak support for the war in Iraq and/or an argument that insists that "most people" do not want gay marriage or an end to abortion."
Abstract This paper discusses the question "is there a necessary connection between 'being good' and being happy?" which might at first glance look fairly straightforward. However, in order to grasp the complexity of it, each of the important words in this sentence needs to be examined, i.e. Necessary, good, and happy. The paper shows that this is anything but a straightforward question and consequently, a simple answer is not possible. However, on balance, it argues that the answer to this question is no. The word "necessary" means essential or requisite.
