Abstract
The paper discusses surveys which study the effect of TV commercials on children. The paper relates that the food industry has increased its advertising to all ages, including children, which is having a negative impact on their health. The paper suggests that companies should be held responsible for their influence on children, or at least present a more rounded view of food and nutrition. The paper also states that children have been bombarded by food marketing, which has resulted in higher rates of obesity. The paper ,after referring to various situations, concludes that a relationship has been found between television commercials and eating.

From the Paper
"A similar study was conducted in Europe, where children do not eat enough fruit and vegetables and where exposure to TV is negatively associated with the intake of these foods. This study by Klepp et. al. (2007) explored exposure to food commercials on TV in nine European countries with approximately 12, 750 children to determine the association between this exposure and attitudes toward eating fruits and vegetables. The authors state that the children report exposure more to more unhealthy foods than healthy ones such as fruits and vegetables. However, those who were exposed to fruit and vegetable TV ads were much more positively disposed toward eating these foods. These findings point to the important, and more positive, role that TV could play in supporting healthy eating messages."

Tags:television, commercials, children

Abstract
This paper contends that commercials are far less sexist and less racist now than they were 50 years ago or even a generation ago. The writer discusses that subtle sexism is as dangerous as the more explicit varieties, because it is harder to identify and therefore to fight against. In this article, the writer explores sexism in the world of the television commercial.

From the Paper
"Most of us try to avoid thinking about commercials. We reach for our remote to mute them, wander out of the room during them, talk to our roommates, do some homework on our laptops. And because we try to ignore commercials much of the time, we believe that their influence on us is minimized. We are not really paying attention so we do not think that they are affecting us. But the average American is exposed to thousands of ads and commercials every year and even if we are ... '

Tags:women, sexism, racism, commercials

Abstract
This paper explains that three types of commercials, aired during "CSI: Miami" on September 19, 2005, were aimed at selling female products, male products and the TV station itself. The author points out that these commercials were structured to appeal specifically to either males or females. The paper relates that commercials geared to attracting women are more populist in that they appeal to the female drive to visually fit in with the expectations of American society. The author states that commercials geared to attracting men are more elitist in that they are based on the motivation to have the bigger and better product so they will be the source of envy for others. The author underscores that both methods do not attempt to sell a product that the viewer may necessarily need, but rather sells the social implications that come with the acquisition of the product.

From the Paper
"The clothing commercials flaunt women that are single digit sizes strutting around while men check them out in their brand new attractive JCPenny and Marshalls Fall wear. They are always smiling and laughing as they dance around looking very comfortable and self confident. The colors used in these commercials complement the models. Since it is an autumn line, the ad is filled with earth-tones. For example, a red haired model is wearing a red scarf and a brunette is wearing a brown sweater. The colors support the models to show them in their best light, thus amplifying the attractiveness of the clothing being sold."

Tags:loreal, elitism, populism, chevy, driving

Abstract
This paper takes a look at advertisers, commercials and the effect and influence that they have on the young generation. According to the paper, children are the most vulnerable group of viewers, too young to be able to distinguish between right and wrong.

From the Paper
"It is also important to mention here that children are more attracted to commercials than older people. They are less likely to enjoy the actual program and may wait for commercials because the jingles, the colorful sequences and the fast action are some of the things that they find far more engrossing than regular programs. Thus they typically are more attraction to advertising (Alexander & Morrison, 1995). We must also understand that the fact that children love advertisements more is evident from the pace and style of some actual programs which appear like commercials to attract children attention. This was the main factor in the development of different kind of pace and style in children's program 'Sesame Street' (Lesser, 1974). Since children also watch television more often than viewers between the ages of 18-34, it means they are more likely to be influenced by what they watch. An average American child is likely to be exposed to 600,000 television commercials during their first 20 years (Black, 1997)."

Tags:violence, sex, aggression, parental, supervision, unhealthy, models

Abstract
This paper argues that alcohol and beer commercials depict drinking as a desirable activity, and portray drinking in social settings that are particularly appealing to teenagers, such as sports, dances and parties. The paper shows that alcohol is the principal drug abuse problem in America today and is the No.1 drug killing teenagers, which opens up a whole new front on this nation's war on drugs. The paper argues that we all have to take responsibility for sending proper messages to teenagers and to take whatever measures are necessary to protect them from the advertising industries that are targeting them at any expense.

From the Paper
"The voluntary ban on alcohol advertising was broken in 1996 by Seagram's. Their actions were met with much negative reaction from politicians, health care professionals, and child advocate groups. Yet, alcoholic beverage companies have moved forward with their relentless advertising campaigns that are purposely targeted at today's youth. President Clinton, a strong advocate of restoring that ban, fought with lawmakers and the FCC to launch an inquiry into regulating alcohol advertising and reestablishing the ban (Clinton, 1997). The FCC is responsible for protecting the public's interests in the use of the airwaves, but are they doing their job?"

Tags:Beer, Institute, CAMY, Bud, Light

Abstract
This paper explains that society exploits women for the sake of selling products. The author points out stereotypical portrayals of women in advertisements. The paper states that these advertisements are designed to sell products as well as to send certain values to the culture.

From the Paper
"The typical American child spends 30 percent of his waking hours in front of a television set. For most children, this adds up to between 28 and 33 hours per week of TVwatching. Small wonder, then, that many people are concerned about the effects of television, particularly television commercials, on youngsters. Advertisers are becoming increasingly sophisticated in their persuasive techniques in this age of deregulation, and children are still the easiest targets of all. In this paper we will examine the impact of TV commercials on children under 13, with special attention to current research, the discrimination between fantasy and reality, the desire for products, the effects on children's attention spans, styles of ad presentation, and some effects on family life."

Abstract
This paper first gives a complete description of the commercial put out by the National Youth Media against drug abuse. It then describes how the fear-appeal and perceived-efficacy tactics are used in the commercial to persuade the viewer to not use drugs. It closes with a paragraph on whether or not the author found the commercial to be effective.

From the Paper
"This advertisement was an efficacious use of the fear appeal technique. The aim of the spot was to alert potential and current users of the drug meth of the possible effects that using the drug can cause. I doubt that any other technique would have presented this point quite as well. Many of those thinking about using the drug or already using the drug may lack the knowledge necessary about the drug to make conscious, educated decisions about using it. This commercial seeks to instill apprehension and fear in viewers so that they will be discouraged from using the drug."

Tags:meth, Pratkanis, Aronson

Abstract
In this paper, the author describes her own responses to television commercials as well as how the population, in general, is affected by the advertisements they see on TV. The author concludes that, while it would not be feasible to eliminate television commercials altogether, it is hoped that viewers will become more aware of how they are being manipulated by advertisements.

From the Paper
"Although the Internet is the top choice of electronic media for young adults 18 to 24, this age group continues to watch significant amounts of television each week. On an average, these individuals will view between two to five hours of TV a day for entertainment and relaxation. Television advertising thus remains a top priority for marketing purposes, and companies continue to rely considerably on this medium to get across their messages (Carparelli, 2004). Audience ad recognition remains at a high 70 percent, and viewers actually like commercials more--especially those that appeal to feelings, use music in a central role, are humorous and tell a story (MTV-3). It is expected that most students in the United States see about 360,000 commercials by the time they graduate high school (Tamburro, 2004)."

Tags:movie, show, station, watch, recognition, relaxed, transfixed, semi-awake, critically, thinking

Abstract
Despite constant pleas from feminists to TV advertisers to start portraying women accurately, erroneous and limiting stereotypes still prevail. If women are not depicted as the happy homemaker, they are being promoted as nameless, faceless objects of desire. These labels contribute much to impeding women's advancement into the traditionally male-dominated political, economic and social arenas. This paper defines what the images of women are that are projected through television commercials as well as determine the economic and cultural influences that mitigate such stereotypes. The writer shows that only in identifying the problem and measuring its gravity can we start to effectively reverse such restrictive portrayals of women in TV advertisements.

From the Paper
"It is interesting to note that there are not any absolute rules or codes of conduct for the advertising industry. It is understood that governments do not intervene directly in terms of advertising content as long as the content does not violate any universal definitions of decency. Normally there is an industry organization that regulates the kinds of material bombarded on the public. Glory Dharmaraj, the Women's Division executive secretary for justice education recognizes that advertisers, sponsors and television writers control the media, "Viewers may not pay to watch TV but they buy the advertised products . . . [Mass media]'s first responsibility is not to tell the truth, or even to [viewers], but to corporate America." There aren't any hard and fast solutions to this problem but in the long term, it is believed that if there were to be a substantial increase in the number of women occupying positions of power and authority in the media industry as well as in big business, this would contribute much to addressing this dilemma. And who knows, maybe a few decades from now the focus will shift from one of inaccurate portrayals of women in television advertising to inaccurate portrayals of men in television advertising."