Abstract This paper discusses racism with relation to the video sharing site, YouTube. It describes the principle and growth of the site. The paper then discusses the fact that the comment boards of popular videos can contain insults, threats, profanity and, to a large and unsettling extent, racism. The paper defines racist comments and then discusses how this phenomenon can occur.
From the Paper "When a user joins YouTube, he or she must agree to the site's Terms of Service. According to these terms, "You further understand and acknowledge that you may be exposed to user submissions that are inaccurate, offensive, indecent, or objectionable, and you agree to waive, and hereby do waive, any legal or equitable rights or remedies you have or may have against YouTube." Though the phrase "may be" might more accurately read "will," this phrase captures both the strength and the potential failings of user-generated content. YouTube provides a freedom that, like all freedoms, is prone to abuse. The proliferation of racism on YouTube is both abhorrent and disheartening, but suggests a need for debate that currently is not or cannot be met by corporate media. While You Tube allows racism to reach a public audience, pushing racist sentiments out in the open simultaneously makes them vulnerable. Critically, the format of YouTube allows these sentiments to be criticized, debated, and ultimately debunked."
Abstract The paper is a philosophical discussion about Socrates' belief in the importance of the state over the individual, or individual family interests. The paper comments that Socrates is unwavering in this opinion, to the point that he accepts his own death sentence and does not try to flee. Commenting on this, the paper continues by relating that the conflict between the 'Apology' and the 'Crito', in many minds is that Socrates contradicts himself. He does this by stating in the 'Apology' that if there were a law made that stopped him from practising philosophy he would break it. The paper then goes on to discuss why, in fact, there is no contradiction.
From the Paper "Through the whole of the Apology Socrates stresses the importance of remaining true to the process of the trial, as the process of the trial is just, as it is a reflection of the power and wisdom of the state, even when applied by unjust men, seeking their own interests. Furthermore, the oaths of the judges are sacred, and should therefore not be swayed with entreaties and persuasive behavior on the part of the accused, as this goes against the nature of the self and the validity of the state. In the Apology Socrates is reported to have said to those who would question why he did not act as other men and defend himself with family and emotional spectacle."
Abstract This is a summary of ten different literary critics' comments on Fitzgerald's "The Great Gatsby". All of the critics are cited and separated into individual sections.
Abstract This paper examines the life of Frederick Douglass. It explains how he was a social commentator who wrote from a particular personal experience--he had been a slave and was then freed, and he wrote about the slave experience and the value of freedom not just for blacks but for everyone. Frederick Douglass, as noted, was one of the leading figures both as writer and speaker, and he recounted his experiences as a slave in his autobiography.
From the Paper "The result is a slave who cooperates in his or her own slavery. Douglass further indicated that both men and women, white and black, involved in slavery were degraded by the experience. He notes the fine nature of his new mistress when he is taken into the Auld home: "I was utterly astonished at her goodness" (Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass). In a short time, however, her demeanor changes because of the fact that she is now a slaveowner: "The fatal poison of irresponsible power was already in her hands, and soon commenced its infernal work" (Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass). Thus does Douglass show a concern for women and what slavery is doing to them, and this concern would in time be extended to the place women held in a male-dominated society, white and black."
Abstract Feminism is seen as being in crisis by many commentators. This paper considers if this is a fair assessment of the situation, going on to argue that the crisis is not all it seams, but a reflection of the evolution of the feminist movement and its adoption to mainstream politics.
Abstract This paper comments that, while living in cities provides obvious benefits such as art and culture, access to food and medicine and trade, there is an adverse effect as well. The paper refers to a number of articles by Brechin, Pena, and Foster, among others, who all write on the subject. The writer concludes that, while each article may have some value, the reality is that we do live in cities and, at least in the foreseeable future, will continue to do so.
From the Paper "There must be few citizens of the 21st century ? at least few who are citizens of both the 21st century and the First World ? who do not view the city as a problematic accomplishment of humanity. Certainly, cities are the highest expression of human civilization, at least in some ways: They support the flourishing of the arts and culture, of haute cuisine and high-tech medicine, of universities and research labs. But cities are also the expressions of the worst that humans have created, both in terms of how we treat each other and in terms of how we treat the planet, as the readings that we are examining for this paper argue. The city is many things, but it is and always has been essentially a site of commerce, and the basing of relationships upon commercial grounds is never unproblematic."
Abstract The current paper comments on a quote by J.M Johnson and H.S Pennypacker that compares inferential statistics to single case designs. It discusses how the statement in question calls to account psychology as a science to abandon a traditional reliance on inferential statistics and group design research and to support its practical focus on the individual with reliance on more individually focused research.
From the Paper "Inferential statistics is a branch of statistics that consists of generalizing from samples to populations, performing hypothesis testing, determining relationships among variables, and making predictions (Tabachnick & Fidell, 2001). This type of research is the most widely used in psychology, with the majority of published studies in this field relying solely on the use of group comparisons. The major argument for the use of inferential statistics is that it increases the external validity of the study and increases the likelihood of the results generalising to other people. These results are gathered by statistical inference where various methods of calculation are used to find a central tendency within a group. The variability of the results between subjects are often explained by measurement error or extraneous variability because well conducted group research introduces the only variability deliberately as an intervention designed to examine and measure its effect(s) on subjects (Hayes, Barlow & Nelson-Gray, 1999)."
Abstract This paper explains that the roles of the Greek Chorus in Sophocles' "Antigone" are its technical functions as the logical division of the play into sequential parts and as the representation of the characters and the Chorus' own role as an autonomous entity in the plot of the play. The author explains that the Chorus as a character in the play appears as a single entity, thus using the first person singular body, "I", and acts as a lyrical commentator. The paper relates that the Chorus creates the connection between Sophocles' "Oedipus Rex" and "Antigone".
From the Paper "The typical technical characteristics of the Greek Chorus are generally maintained in Antigone. The Chorus sings as it enters onto the stage--the parodos--shortly after the first scene and unfolds the exposition of the play, i.e., the events that took place before the time of the play itself. In the exposition of Antigone [704-706, lines 117-179], the Chorus tells us about the great war of "the seven against Thebes" and, by that, provides the missing details such as the cause of death of Antigone's brother, the general atmosphere in the city (the aftermath), and the reasons that back and nourish Creon's unquestionable leadership as well as his blasphemous acts."
Abstract This paper discusses the relevance of Carlos Fuentes' comments in his CBS Massey lectures today, in understanding the political challenges faced by Latin America. The paper discusses the existing political economy of Latin America and the pressure of internal and external politics, as well as historical, economic and cultural aspects that it faces.
Abstract The paper illustrates how Lodovico defines the immorality and cruelty in Othello's behaviors that will eventually end in his tragic death. The paper explains that Lodovico as a marginal character is written into the play by Shakespeare to help the reader realize the gravity of Othello's actions and the inevitable tragedy that surrounds the deceptions of Iago.
From the Paper "Lodovico's role as moral commentator on Othello's behaviors brings insights into the tragedy of the play, which many of the other characters are too self-involved to perceive. In latter parts of the play, Othello's increasingly violent behaviors are clearly noticed when he strikes Desdemona: "Is this the noble Moor whom our full Senate/Call all in all sufficient?" (IV, i., ll.2712-2713). This increasingly potent sense of volatility on the part of Othello is clearly defined by Lodovico, who can see the immorality of this action against a woman. Shakespeare portrays Lodovico as a moral gauge that allows the audience to realize the effects of Othello's behavior through an external source (Bloom 45)."
A review of the articles, "Listening to Voices of High-Risk Antepartum Patients," by M. Richter, C. Parkes and J. Chaw-Kant and "Uncertainty and Stress in Women Hospitalized with High-Risk Pregnancy" by M. I. Clauson.
Abstract The paper reviews "Listening to Voices of High-Risk Antepartum Patients," that is a qualitative study that showed the stressors of antepartum patients. The writer relates that he gained considerable insights about how the women personally felt through their comments. The paper also reviews "Uncertainty and Stress in Women Hospitalized with High-Risk Pregnancy" that is a quantitative study of a sample of hospitalized antepartum women. The writer explains the ramifications of this research and relates how he gained more insights about how the women personally felt through their interviews and discussions than from the statistics. The paper appends M.I. Clauson's article to the paper.
From the Paper "Research can be conducted in several different ways. One of the main distinctions is whether the study is qualitative or quantitative. Qualitative research is helpful to explore and better understand people's emotions, values, personal experiences, thoughts and actions. Instead of percentages and measurements, it supplies non-numerical data, for example recording a patient's concerns about not taking a medicine compared to handling the possible side effects. In health care, researchers often use the qualitative approach to acquire more information on how people deal with chronic illnesses."
Abstract The psychoanalytic approach to aesthetics enables us to understand the artists' aesthetic experiences as he or she conjures up his perception and response thereof, interpretation and meaning and his or her thoughts and feelings. The paper explains that, primarily divided into applied psychoanalysis and clinical psychoanalysis, the discipline of psychoanalytic aesthetics has been studied and commented upon by many famous psychoanalysts and clinicians over the years. This paper focuses on the comments of clinician Hanna Segal's psychoanalytic approach to aesthetics in general and particularly her quotes on creation and recreation. It examines her comment: ?The essence of the aesthetic creation is a resolution of the central depressive situation and that the main factor in the aesthetic experience is the identification with this process." (H. Segal, 1981).
From the Paper "According to Segal, one of the main aims of the artists is to create a world of his own, as Winnicott (1971) also held that the need to create something out of nothing is the main impulse. Segal says that though the artist believes that he is engaged in reproducing the external world, the fact is that the artist is using the external world to rebuild his own inner self. One of the themes used by Segal is of recovering the past and the defragmentation of the pieces."
Tags: Adrian, Strokes, Sigmund, Freud, symptom, building
Abstract In a novel, the author can highlight the themes in the narrative by commenting on what is happening. This cannot be achieved so easily in a film, unless the film also contains a voice-over narrative offering comment. This paper shows that, since Margaret Atwood's "The Handmaid's Tale" has important and relevant themes, it is critical that they are transferred to the screen. Since the themes cannot be communicated by actually describing them or providing comment on what is happening, the events presented must be captured in such a way as to make the viewer aware of the underlying themes. This paper focuses particularly on the scene where the main character, Offred, visits the doctor, showing how this scene incorporates many of the book's scenes.
From the Paper "The scene of the doctor examining Offred will then be shown by focusing on Offred's face and having the actions of the doctor seen in silhouette. This will allow enough detail to be seen for the viewer to know what is happening without any need for actually showing the details of the examination. The focus on Offred's face will also illustrate her attempts to ignore what is happening. In the novel, the doctor is referred to as being talkative and as calling Offred ?honey.? This will be included in the film, with this helping to make the scene seem like Offred is being violated and not just examined. This will then lead to the climax of the scene where the doctor suggests that he can help Offred by having sex with her. The view of the scene will remain focused on Offred's face, with the doctor not seen but only heard."
Abstract It has become problematic to discuss differences between race groups, due to sensitivity to the possibility of being deemed racist. This is particularly true when it comes to the sensitive area of educational attainment. This paper argues that simply commenting on differences does not necessarily mean that one is racist, nor that one is implying that any differences are necessarily caused by biology. It is possible to comment on observed differences, just as one can empirically observe and comment on any phenomena. This paper argues that empirical observations show us that there are clearly differences in educational attainment among racial groups.
Abstract This paper comments on Richard Kim's novel "Lost Names". It comments on growing up in Japanese occupied Korea. "Lost Names", as the paper shows, is somewhere between textbook and novel.
From the Paper "Lost Names is somewhere between textbook and novel. Because Kim admits that his book is a work of fiction, there is a certain honesty in his story. He describes the boy, himself, as wealthier than those around him, as a boy who is first in his class, and as someone who receives special benefits in the community because of his father's reputation. He does not attempt to set up this story as the definitive account of the Japanese occupation of Korea, just the story of one family."
