Abstract
This paper discusses the contribution that the black population has made to America, pointing out that a black-free America would not be a Utopian state as some might suggest. It goes on to state that while the United States continues to struggle with racial problems, the country would not be recognizable as America if there were no black people in it.

From the Paper
''Furthermore, although the Civil War ended institutionalized slavery, slavery was rapidly replaced by a system of sharecropping, which worked much like feudalism in Europe, and helped bolster the emerging middle class in the American south. Not that the economic impact of a black underclass was limited to the American south. Even before the Civil War, free blacks populated every state in the nation. These free blacks may not have been enslaved and theoretically could attain financial security, but many of them were consigned to service roles in society. Thus, these service-relegated people helped make life easier for other Americans, raising the American standard of living. Even today, modern Americans enjoy one of the highest qualities of life in the world. This is true regardless of the social status of Americans, because America is an incredibly wealthy country. That standard of living could not have developed without having an established lower-class, from which there was no escape. In a country that prized freedom and the idea of the economic and political freedom of individuals, it may have been impossible to impose lower-class status upon any group capably of freely mixing with the surrounding society within a generation or two. For example, while anti-Irish prejudice was extreme, this prejudice did not have to impact second-generation Irish immigrants, who were no longer marked by an Irish accent and could, if they so desired, discard their cultural heritage and assimilate into the rest of American society. Blacks had no such luxury, being marked as outsiders by the color of their skin, and, therefore, served the perfect role as the lowest class in the informal caste-based social class system that marked much of America's early history."

Tags:contribution, assimilate, society

Abstract
This paper analyzes, compares and contrasts Toni Morrison's novel, "The Bluest Eye" and J.M. Coetzee's novel, "Disgrace". The paper describes the approach to gender and race in each book and notes that, although they have fundamental differences, both Morrison and Coetzee contend that, despite political actions to create a "colorless, raceless, genderless" society, social stigmas are hard to eliminate.

From the Paper
"Coetzee's novel "Disgraced" focuses on the life of David Lurie in post-apartheid South Africa. In the wake of political reforms that has changed the policies of the entire government, Coetzee attempts to show through his novel that racism and sexism are still as prevalent as ever. Lurie is castigated from society for his love of Byron Romanticism, and demonized as a sexual offender because of his illicit relationship with a much younger student. Ultimately, the plot surrounds the brutal rape of David's daughter Lucy, which results from the neglect of the rural community outside of Cape Town. The purpose of Coetzee's novel is to reveal the truth behind South African social lore, instead of the equality that is suppose to pertain to the post apartheid era, it is evident that without much structural support there is little political changes can make on social opinion and stigma. Ultimately the same sentiments that existed preceding the apartheid are still evident through this narrative. It is a story of dehumanization and indignity, with the focus on the fall of David Lurie's self-respect and a deeper understanding of social stigma."

Tags:sexual, offender, rural, community, social, lore, apartheid

Abstract
An analysis of the importance of color and setting in the story and how this impacts the entire work. Each color is examined for its significance and symbolism - red house, brown dress, colorless Virgin Mary etc. Each of these articles reflect an important motif in the story. The overall setting of the story, in the 1920's southern America make these colors even more significant - with racism abundant.

From the Paper
"There are some stories which would not be themselves were they to have a different setting or another color scheme. What would the Fall of the House of Usher be, should we ask, if there were no house? Or A Rose for Emily without her decrepit mansion? In others, the setting and background matter so little that they might safely be disposed of, and transferred to another time and place altogether. Romeo and Juliet, for example, has safely survived being set in every time and place imaginable, and the story survives intact. The setting in Toni Morrison's 1920 is not so loud and forward with itself as are such atmospheric classics as the former, but neither is it set in such a disembodied place as the latter. While the setting at first seems shy to reveal itself, declared only in tiny snatches of color and briefly glanced over descriptions, it nonetheless controls the story in both a real and a metaphorical fashion. For this is a tale of places, and of going places, and of being changed by them. It is also a story of the times. Finally, and transcendently, it is a story about color: color as a racial issue, as an environmental fact, as a metaphorical vein of expression, and as a created of place."

Tags:civil, rights, ku, klux, clan, racism

Abstract
In this paper the author takes an in-depth look at Ethanol. The author makes mention of the different ways that it can be produced, its various characteristics, chemical composition and uses. The paper concludes with various arguments as to why ethanol has so many benefits and is so useful and argues why it may well be the ?fuel of the future?.

From the paper:

?Ethanol (ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol) is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic, agreeable odor. In dilute aqueous solution, it has a somewhat sweet flavor, but in more concentrated solutions it has a burning taste. Ethanol, CH3CH2OH, is an alcohol, a group of chemical compounds whose molecules contain a hydroxyl group, ? OH ? bonded to a carbon atom.?

Tags:fermenting, distilling, starch, sugar, manufacture, solvent, ethanol, acetaldehyde, ethanoic, acid, acetic, ch3ch2oh, molecules, chemical, hydroxyl, c2h4, ethene, h2o, steam, c2h5oh, yeast, zymase, enzyme

Abstract
This paper presents a research proposal for exploring and researching the use of hallucinogens in the treatment options of mental illness. The paper also proposes that, if deemed worthy by the relevant and informative documentation gathered, further research into the topic should be conducted.

From the Paper
"LSD is a hallucinogen which group includes Psilocybin, Psilocyn, Mushrooms, and Peyote, and Mescaline all hallucinogens. Under the influence of these drugs psychological affects occur as well as "light, color and shapes are altered, and imaginary objects appear." Walls 'melt' as well as other objects appearing to melt in front of the individuals eyes. Those under the influence of hallucinogens often feel as though their body is afloat or in reverse being pressed downward and the feeling of moving as though in very slow motion has been reported. Tiny details draw the focus of the individual for long period of time. Mood swings have been cited as one extreme caused by hallucinogens as the individual bounces from thought to thought. Also reported by some are feelings that their body is enlarging or diminishing and in some instances even changing its' shape. Physical symptoms include, dilated pupils, dizziness, dry mouth, numbness, tremors, heavy perspiration, Bad body odor, Chills, goose bumps, nausea, muscle weakness, trembling, poor coordination, lowered body temperatures(LSD or psilocybin mushrooms), Higher body temperature (peyote/mescaline), Rapid heart rate (LSD or psilocybin mushrooms, depressed heart rate and breathing (peyote/mescaline)."

Tags:users, trip, colorless, odorless, tasteless, inhibition, movement, brain, mood, thought, perception