Abstract
This paper describes the role of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) in making sure that the purpose of colleges is not corrupted by the high-dollar sports industry. The paper also describes some of the problems that arise from the NCAA's effort to fulfill that role.

From the Paper
"It is important to understand the particulars of the crimes committed before one can properly begin assigning culpability. The University of Alabama has been involved with so many incidents of this nature in the past decade that it would be impractical to visit each one. Alabama is a good model to show the effects of greedy boosters and coaches, because they have an infraction for each category of misconduct under scrutiny. Logan Young of Memphis and two other boosters were involved in several acts of recruiting misconduct involving several Memphis area high school players. (Birmingham1) Young was a wealthy Memphis area booster who prided himself on being a "recruiting junkie", and was in the business of providing the University of Alabama football program with "blue chip" high school athletes. (NCAA)"

Tags:extracurricular, activity, amateur, sports, professional, ranks, leagues, lucrative, industry

From the Paper
"Arthur M. Cohen and Florence B. Brawer, in "The Collegiate Function of Community Colleges: Fostering Higher Learning Through Curriculum and Student Transfer", describe and analyze the factors shaping the community college "as a link between the lower schools and establishments of higher learning" (xi). As such, the community college is clearly a significant cog in the educational system in the United States, and the representatives and leaders of the community college must be sensitive to the educational realities of those "lower schools" and to the educational needs of those "establishments of higher learning."

Generally, with certain reservations, the authors are optimistic about the community college's fulfillment of this collegiate function: We are encouraged by the way the collegiate connection

Abstract
This paper compares the American college grading system to universities in Finland. It looks at how the American system needs to show more flexibility and adaptability in order to better prepare the students for the job market and the 'real world'.

From the Paper
"Almost everyone can find fault in the current education system. It is true that our system is not perfect. There have been many different propositions on how to correct the numerous problems. These ideas range from minor alterations to radical transformations. I believe that the current system can check a student's progress, provide motivation, as well as elevate the more talented students. Even with the aforementioned positive aspects, there are many problems that may be detrimental to students. The classroom environment is not always conductive to learning. The grades that students receive, classroom size, and even testing methods could be seen as weaknesses in the educational process. There are possible corrections for some of these aspects while others could be considered necessary evils for places of higher learning to operate."

Tags:student, grade, university

Abstract
This paper will seek to understand the sociological implications in the NCAA Intercollegiate Sports violations and probation for Southern Methodist University. By understanding the literature that has been created from this scandal, we will explore the various problems of this violation in the sociological spectrum. Also, and explanation of actual modus operandi, which was brought forth by the NCAA, will be investigated, as to why this event occurred. The basis for this study will be to over the reasons for an event like to happen, and to clarify its actions in the realm of sociological research.

Abstract
This paper looks at how organized sports offer players an opportunity to meet a variety of students from different backgrounds and how students from public, private, and parochial schools are brought together in a common enterprise, crossing socioeconomic and ethnic lines, so that all players broaden their sense of how other people live. It hypothesizes that males who participate in collegiate athletics have a more positive attitude towards diversity than males who do not participate on collegiate athletic teams. It examines the validity of this statement in an effort to determine how collegiate sports contribute to players' attitudes toward diversity and how this knowledge can improve general notions about diversity. This research question is addressed through a literature review and a questionnaire that samples both male college athletes and non-athletes.

Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Statement of the Problem
Participation in College Athletics: An Open Door to Diversity
Potential of College Athletic Community's Model of Diversity
Methodology
Discussion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"Attitudes toward diversity and the behavior patterns that accompany these attitudes are likely to affect a student's overall adjustment to a higher education facility since they deal with a student's ability to successfully adapt to new surroundings (Astin, 1982). For example, studies reveal that students who had positive interracial experiences had a tendency to feel more confident about their own achievements and had more positive feelings about the academic environment as a whole than students who did not have positive interracial experiences."

Tags:teams, higher, education, racism, students

Abstract
This paper analyzes five efforts to reform collegiate sport programs spanning the 20th century. The paper maintains that few such efforts have been successful due to the commercialized and professional nature of collegiate athletics in U.S. culture. The paper claims that this view of sports at the university-level is detrimental to the pursuit of academic purpose.

From the Paper
"The history of collegiate sports reform and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and its influence on academics and athletic reform can be traced to five major sports reform movements during..."

Tags:White House Conference, NCAA, ACE President's Report Handford Report, ethics, academic integrity, sports, athletes

Abstract
This paper reviews the debate between the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletics' Association) and black leaders over the discriminatory effect of NCAA Proposition 16. The author points out that the basic conflict is between black coaches and civil-rights leaders vs. college presidents and officials of the NCAA . The paper concludes that the problem lies with the structure and relationship between college and professional level athletics.

From the Paper
"The debate over the National Collegiate Athletics' Association's NCAA Proposition raged largely between black coaches and civil-rights leaders versus college presidents and officials of the NCAA. These two groups had faced off before over ..."

Tags:NCAA, proposition 16, proposition 48, racial discrimination, college sports, athletics

Abstract
This paper assesses philanthropic and giving trends in recent years, presenting a case study of Circle K International, a collegiate service organization. The paper evaluates Circle K to see how the changing landscape of charity can help address its needs. The author, which spent a year studying Circle K, assesses the organization's strengths and weaknesses and makes strategic recommendations.

Table of Contents
Introduction
A Brief History of American Philanthropy and Charity
Global Philanthropy Today
Research
The Challenges
The Changing Welfare State
U.S. Developments
International Developments
Globalization
Inefficient Business Practices
The Opportunities
The Changing Face of Philanthropy
New Methods and Models
New Philanthropic Organizations
Corporation Contributions and Corporate Social Responsibility
Research Summary and Case Study Introduction
Case Study and Analysis
Circle K International
Structure
Trends
Assessment
Analysis and Recommendations
Conclusion
Figures
Works Cited

From the Paper
"Non-profits have seen a significant evolution in the funding and delivery of their services over the past century. Around the world, as time and the scholarly inquiry of philanthropy have progressed, charity has become increasing integrated into societal structures and human interactions. America's current non-profit sector is a perfect example: billions of dollars and millions of people involved in delivering an increasingly complex and diverse range of services to all walks of life. To cope with and advance upon the new dynamics of wealth, knowledge, and technology, the fundamental organization and operation of charities across the globe is rapidly changing. In this paper I will look at a brief history of charity both domestic and abroad, at the trends and future conditions of the non-profit sector, and at the particular case of Circle K International."

Tags:charity, giving, non-profit, organization, fundraising, charitable, foundation, welfare

Abstract
This paper discusses the controversial role that Title IX has played in guaranteeing equal opportunities to both genders in high school and collegiate athletics. The paper explains that the topic's justification stems from its almost limitless potential in affording valuable opportunities to athletes who otherwise might have been excluded from participation. It outlines the three main applications of Title IX - the promise to guarantee gender equity of financial assistance to athletic programs, the accommodation of athletic interests and abilities and equal benefits, opportunities and treatment provided to athletes.

From the Paper
"From its inception one June 23,1972, Title IX has been subject to much congressional debate and modification, fortunately being upheld and even expanded in the last 27 years. The first substantial threat to Title IX occurred in 1974, with Senator Tower proposed the Tower Amendment, which would "exempt revenue-earning sports from being tabulated" in Title IX compliance data. Although it was defeated, the slight modification of the Javits Amendment, "with respect to intercollegiate activities, reasonable provision considering the nature of participating sports," was approved, thus allowing for provisions of inevitable, slight inequalities with regards to event management. Two more attempts to restrict the extent of Title IX with regards to revenue-producing sports were defeated in 1975, and the same year the Title was signed into law by President Gerald R. Ford. The controversy was reawakened in 1977 when Senators Jesse Helms and Representative Martin called for the repealing of Title IX, but their efforts did not win sufficient support. At the decade's end, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare finally instituted a formal policy to define the function of Title IX, that it listed "an institution's obligation to provide equal opportunities and details the factors to considered in assessing actual compliance." "

Tags:sports, bias, sexism

Abstract
A paper that reveals the foundations for binge drinking on college campus, and what are the specific roots of this problem. By understanding peer pressure, high academic expectations, and lack of parental intervention, we can see the basis for heavy drinking in college.