Abstract
This paper discusses the differences in salaries of coaches of major college sports teams in big schools, coaches for major sports in small schools, and coaches for all other types of college sports teams. The author analyzes coaches' salaries across gender, race, and conference and argues that there is a need for change in pay inequity. He posits that the playing field should be more even in Division I football, and that the barriers that have kept minorities and females underrepresented in NCAA coaching ranks need to be removed. The essay concludes with a list suggested implementations for these proposed changes.

Outline:
Findings About Salaries
Across Gender
Across Race
By Conference
The Need for Change
Implementation

From the Paper
"There is a sharp divide in coach salaries in football. Division I is divided into two tiers. In the top tier are the teams in the major conferences. These conferences comprise the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) teams and, along with Notre Dame, account for the top 66 schools. The other conferences contain 54 schools. Division I football is the most lucrative coaching position in college athletics. The average salary is $1.232 million for 2008 (Coaches Hot Seat, 2008). The average coach for a BCS conference school (plus Notre Dame) is $1.874 million. Coaches in non-BCS conferences average $448,055.
"Attempting to analyze these numbers by gender and race is impossible due to insufficient information. There are no female coaches, and out of 119 schools there are only seven black head coaches, as of 2007 (Gray 2007). With 2008 salary numbers, and one coach no longer in his position (Karl Dorrell, ex-UCLA), black coaches average around $1.2 million. This does not appear incongruous given their respective experience and track records."

Tags:coaching ncaa football bcs race, female coaches

Abstract
A brief argumentative paper which presents the views of sports colleges in Nevada wanting to allow for legalized gambling on its campus. The paper shows that even though gambling is legal throughout the State, if legislation comes into effect, it could put an end to gambling on campus all together. The writer examines the pros and cons of such a law.

From the Paper
"In Nevada sports books, gambling on college sports is currently allowed for every team in the nation, except Nevada's own college teams. Legislators have proposed new laws that would outlaw gambling on any college sports. This would affect Nevada's economy in a wide variety of ways.

"For the year 2001, total gaming revenue in the State of Nevada totaled $9,468,598,681. Of that total, "More than one-half of total General Fund [$105.85 million] spending is targeted for education. Of that, $1.2 billion represents the State's General Fund obligation to the Distributive School Account, the funding mechanism through which State monies are distributed to school districts" (Comeaux). The amount budgeted for education in the 2001-2003 biennium is $2,000.3 million dollars, half of which is $1,000,150, which is 10.5 percent of the annual gaming revenue."

Tags:gambling, sport, revenue, college, legal, law, legislation

Abstract
A five page model proposal on ways to curtail college student betting and game fixing on sporting events.

Abstract
This paper examines how sports play an important role in our society and an even greater role within a college campus, not only as a team-building and positive force in the social life of students, but as a tradition in education. It looks at how most universities and colleges in the United States have an integrated sports program, ranging from the NCAA divisions to intramurals. It also shows how, in universities and colleges within the NCAA divisions, sports programs are just not a sidebar to college entertainment, but host scholarships and contribute to the finances of the college.

From the Paper
"Within the educational institution, students may vary in placing student-athletes on pedestals or in the dog-house depending on their performance, or view them with animosity because of the so-called "perks" and "easy breeze through college" it is perceived that student-athletes have. They are considered to be egotistical and elitist because they are unable to fraternize with the rest of the student body, or are subjected to strict NCAA guidelines regarding parties and daily routines during a season, which in some cases could include unusual or abusive routines from their coaches who will "use various means to control their athletes, such as having midnight practices after the team returns from a disappointing loss" (Eitzen)."

Tags:athletes, scholarship, education, students

Abstract
This paper seeks to convince the reader that college athletes should be paid for their efforts. It presents the profits earned by universities and coaches at the expense of these athletes. According to the paper these athletes that bring in income for the universities are at a disadvantage because the terms of their scholarships do not allow them to work while at school. The paper suggests that non-payment constitutes a form of slavery and encourages the athletes to break the terms of their scholarships and, in some cases, even to engage in illegal activities.

From the Paper
"Looking at the revenues of most colleges and universities in the United States of America, it is evident that these institutions make a lot of money through sports programs. These programs use students who have been given scholarships by the colleges (Henderson 1). These students practice and play against other teams and are also expected to attend classes. Intercollegiate sports have become money minting avenues in this billion dollar industry that rides on the competencies of student athletes. This is why these sports programs have become very important for the universities across the nation. However, these students are not paid by the universities despite the billions of dollars they mint for these institutions every year.
"I feel that student athletes who participate in intercollegiate sports should be paid for their efforts. Why should they be paid? To start with, these students are not allowed to work by the universities since they are under scholarships (Lewis 11). They spend most of their free time training and practising for the matches they play against other teams. If these students do not work like the rest of the students, how are they expected to finance their college expenses? Most of these students come from humble backgrounds meaning that they need to make money to cater for their college expenses and also support their poor families. Some of these students accept illegal money and property from unscrupulous people and paying them would help them to avoid dealing with these unscrupulous people. The students have the opportunity to turn professional and earn money but the colleges and universities do not allow them, making them live in abject poverty despite the fact that they generate a lot of money for the universities."

Tags:intercollegiate sports, scholarships NCAA recruitment

Abstract
This paper provides a brief historical overview of the role of women in sports. The paper looks at Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 and how judicial interpretation has devalued Title IX policy. The paper argues that a series of court decisions regarding gender equity compliance have effectively dismissed two of the test's three factors and produced a mutated version of the law's founding intent. The paper describes how institutional and agency response to Title IX and to these decisions forces the continual containment of female intercollegiate athletics. Finally, the paper considers the most recent Title IX policy clarifications and concludes that until Title IX is allowed to dismantle the socially constructed dichotomy of femininity and athleticism, it will not eradicate gender inequities. The paper uses MLA style footnotes but does not append a bibliography.

Outline:
Introduction
The Role of Women in Sport-Historical Perspectives
Title IX Policy and Implementing Regulations
Judicial Devaluation of the Three Prong Test
Agency and Institutional Response to Title IX
Title IX at Thirty-The Most Recent Mutation of Gender Equality
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In 1968, a twelve-year old girl was playing catch with her brother before his Little League baseball game. A roving coach noticed her skilled throws and invited her to join her brother's team. Before the enthusiastic girl could shake her head in emphatic affirmation, the coach nonchalantly outlined a couple of caveats - she could play if she cut her hair short, like a boy, and he would call her "Bob." Not brought up to be a "covert operative," she politely declined. Nearly four decades later, accomplished athlete Dot Richardson told this story to the United States Senate as part of her testimony for the promotion and advancement of women in sports. She was that 12-year-old girl, and in the late 1960s and early 1970s, she began her ascent into womanhood in an era when "female" and "athlete" were mutually exclusive terms. Yet, by 1996, having developed into one of the most formidable shortstops in Olympic history, Richardson helped propel the United States softball team to gold-medal glory."

Tags:female, athletes, intercollegiate, college, discrimination, equal, opportunity

Abstract
Examines athletes as problem gamblers. Provides a history of gambling. Discusses mob-connected, organized control of sports betting and the growing link between organized crime and college athletics.

From the Paper
""If there's competition involved, you can bet that you can bet on it" is a quote from Henry J. Hyde (R, Ill). Hyde is chairman of the United States House of Representatives and Chairman of the committee ..."

Abstract
The paper discusses aspects of sexual discrimination and gender bias in sports at the collegiate level in the United States.

From the Paper
"Diane Gill pointed out that gender and social diversity are relatively new topics addressed within sport and exercise psychology, because it is only within the past three or four decades that an understanding of the interests of women in amateur and professional sports has become apparent, Gill says that traditionally the term athlete automatically meant male and that the relatively small number of women who are professional athletes before the ...s tended to be focused in individual sports like tennis and..."

Tags:discrimination, sexism, athletics

Abstract
Th is paper examines problems of mayhem following college sports. The author relates that some of the causes are underage drinking and people throwing items onto the field. The paper reviews the problem of incitement by bad language used by coaches and players.

From the Paper
"Violence and mayhem following college sporting events have become increasingly commonplace in recent years. This research examines three problems associated with such violence including underage drinking ..."

Tags:college sports, college athletics, violence

Abstract
This paper examines the issue of gender and racial discrimination in sport both at college as well as professional level. It attempts to dispel the myths regarding women equality and meritocracy in sports, such that women earn through professional as well as college sports as much as their male counterparts. It examines the struggles involving women recognition in sports through the history of basketball which evolved in 1891 but only allowed women players in 1971 and the differences in women participation in college sports and professional sports. The paper also outlines the racial desegregation of college and professional sports, bringing out the similarities and the differences to that of gender bias.

From the Paper
"Though women face various challenges in the name of discrimination in sports oriented activities and career advancements, women in college sports face less resistance due to the fact that at college level, friendships and relationships are more sound and meaningful than at a professional level where shrewd politics dominate the sports scenario and extreme resistance is faced by women who are professional athletes. Moreover, in college sports, due to combined activities, women get more or less the same facilities and coaching aid that their male friends receive. Alternately, women athletes on a professional level are struggling hard to receive better or equal facilities than men athletes."

Tags:college, discrimination, racial, desegregation, basketball, women, blacks, whites