Abstract This paper addresses crime on collegecampuses, its frequency and type, and how it can be prevented, including how victims and administrators alike should react to reports of increased campus crime across the country.
Abstract This paper discusses violence on collegecampuses in the US, and notes that the mass media tends to sensationalize the most extreme forms of campus violence even though the vast majority of violence on collegecampuses is not sensational enough to warrant news coverage. The paper then discusses the problem of date rape and sexual assault and relates that, as is the case with rape in general, many occurring on collegecampuses are never reported. Additionally, the paper discusses the role of alcohol in violence on collegecampuses and reveals that the one contributing element shared most commonly by all forms other than premeditated attacks on random individuals is alcohol consumption.
Outline:
Introduction
Premeditated Massacres on CollegeCampuses Date Rape and Sexual Assault
The Role of Alcohol in Violence on CollegeCampuses Conclusion
From the Paper "According to Barrett Seaman, who studies the incidence of rape and sexual assaults on American college campuses, they occur wth "frightening regularity." In fact, as many as one-quarter of female college students admit to experiencing inappropriate sexual contact, ranging from being grabbed over their clothes in public to actually being raped by a male classmate during the course of their college education. As is the case with rape in general (Macionis 2003), many occurring on college campuses are never reported ."
Tags: premeditated, attacks, excessive, news, coverage, security, enhancement, features
Abstract This paper explains that, although there is a long legacy of criminal incidents and systemic injustices occurring on collegecampuses;the number of incidences of wild melees, rioting, cheating, hooliganism and serious criminal behavior are increasing greatly on many campuses. The author stresses that, even though more than eight years have passed since Congress first enacted the landmark Campus Security Act of 1990, the scope and magnitude of the problem of crime prevention and justice on campus is still not accurately understood. The paper stresses that, if accountability is to be included in any calculus of guilt or innocence, America's college administrators deserve special mention for their particularly underwhelming record, transforming too often what should resemble an intellectual journey into a life-threatening and too often hair raising tour through Dante's inferno.
Table of Contents
Prologue
Current Trends
Rioting: The New Rage and a Few Familiar Faces
Enforcement Efforts
Is Your School Safe?
Campus Crime: Not Just Numbers
Campus Courts
Campus Police Logs
Definitions Used for Compiling Crime Statistics
Campus Awareness Act of 1990
Background
The Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act
Campus Crime Statistics
Annual Security Reports
Campus Security Procedures and Programs
On-Campus Occurrences of Crime
Occurrences of Crimes Manifesting Evidence of Prejudice ("Hate Crimes")
Study Indicates Widespread Non-Compliance
From the Paper "Property crimes (which here include only burglary and motor vehicle theft, since these are the only property crimes the Act requires institutions to report) were reported by about two-fifths of the institutions in each of the 3 years. According to 1994 statistics, 37 percent had experienced burglary on campus, while 23 percent reported at least one motor vehicle theft. The percentage of institutions reporting occurrences of violent and property crimes varied greatly by institutional type, whether the institution had campus housing, and the size of the institution. Public 4-year institutions, those with campus housing, and larger institutions were more likely to report occurrences of both violent and property crimes than were other types of institutions. For example, one or more violent crimes were reported by 78 percent of public 4-year institutions, about half of institutions with campus housing, and 84 percent of institutions with 10,000 or more students, compared with 3 percent of for-profit less-than-2-year institutions, 12 percent of institutions without campus housing, and 7 percent of institutions with less than 200 students."
Abstract This paper is an address to a congressional district in Texas, explaining the speaker's decision to vote affirmatively on a bill that would allow concealed carry permits on collegecampuses. The writer explains why this would contribute to the safety of college students, teachers and others on campus. Since it has been noted that those determined to open fire on a collegecampus will find a way to do it, the writer suggests that a well-trained citizen with a concealed carry weapon who may be able to shoot to injure and not to kill may be the best deterrent. The writer discusses the arguments brought by the opposition and presents counter-arguments to the opposition's claims that guns will be unsafe and ineffective.
From the Paper "I come to this conclusion after realizing that the college campus is an inherently unsafe environment when it comes to shootings, an environment ripe for this kind of tragedy. In fact, because college campuses are often full of green space and include many buildings, it is relatively easy for an emergency to be occurring on one end of campus while the other end of campus is unaware of the tragedy. This situation makes for the possibility that a student or faculty member may inadvertently walk directly into a shooting, creating more casualties."
Tags: training emergency, PA system, target preventative containment violence
Abstract The writer reveals the facts that suggest that collegecampuses are not safe. The writer believes that the preventative measure of allowing concealed carry weapons on campus will provide safety while mainataining the open learning environment. The writer addresses the opposition's argument, but feels that in light of the two recent school shootings, this is the only way to make collegecampuses truly safe.
From the Paper "After reviewing the appropriate evidence, I remain strongly convinced that allowing conceal and carry permits to extend to college campuses would keep college students, teachers, and all those who have a reason to be on campus safe. While the shooters at both Virginia Tech and Northern Illinois University were able to carry out their acts of violence unchecked, I agree with the national approximately 12,000 Students for Concealed Carry on Campus members that believe a citizen with adequate training would have an excellent chance of stopping a shooter before he or she could do much damage (Smalley). I come to this conclusion after realizing that the college campus is an inherently unsafe environment when it comes to shootings, an environment ripe for this kind of tragedy. In fact, because college campuses are often full of green space and include many buildings, it is relatively easy for an emergency to be occurring on one end of campus while the other end of campus is unaware of the tragedy."
Abstract This paper examines the issue of free speech, with special emphasis on the American collegecampus. The writer argues that free speech should never be banned or regulated as it is a protected right under the United States Constitution. The author examines how today's college administrators wrestle with the idea of free speech at their institutions. The author concludes that free speech must exist in order for the Constitution to be protected and so students can continue to grow in their ability to ascertain fact from fiction.
Outline:
Introduction
The Subjectivity of it All
The Ultimate Decision
Conclusion
From the Paper "As much as most individuals will agree that certain speech is hurtful to others society by and large has the ability to correct itself by ignoring or shunning those who insist on voicing opinions that are unpopular or hateful and college students are capable of the same shunning which in turn brings pressure to the speech giver to cease and desist.
We cannot pick and choose which part of the constitution we are going to protect as the entire document embodies what the founding fathers intended when they put it together."
Abstract This paper argues that the September 11th terrorist attack on New York City and the resulting Patriot Act have resulted in severe limitations on free speech, particularly on collegecampuses. The paper argues that civil liberties are being ominously curtailed as a result of the Patriot Act and that free speech is in danger of being overrun by fear mongers, both in university administrations and in our federal and state governments.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Thesis
Developing the Thesis
Conclusion
From the Paper "The pamphlet extolling the college of your choice proudly pro-claims: We want to expand your horizons and let your mind grow. You go to college to learn and study and grow up. You also are supposed to have a chance to speak your mind, without parent or guardian hovering, and without a college guidance counselor making sure everything you say is politically correct. Well, today's college campuses offer little that is truly free- including free speech. Yes, it's guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution. But, there are now limits, thanks to 9/11 and the Patriot Act."
Abstract This is a literature review of peer-reviewed articles on collegecampus diversity and its academic benefits. Recent Affirmative Action developments are discussed, as are the issues of underrepresented women in science and engineering. It also presents some opposing viewpoints, explaining California's Proposition 209 in terms of the diversity movement.
Abstract This paper discusses that crime on collegecampuses has been evident for many years but historically has been under-reported. This paper analyzes types of college crime, particularly date rape, civil liability, architecture and its role in prevention, and campus security mission and focus to understand campus crime. The author believes that security teams, students, faculty and administrators need to further the collaborative nature of the solution to campus crime.
From the Paper "One particularly heinous aspect of campus crime is associated with the growing phenomena of date rape or acquaintance rape. Though it is clear that stranger assaults do occur frequently upon college campuses, it is also clear that the more common form of rape is acquaintance or date rape. Acquaintance rape is often closely associated with drug and alcohol use, another troubling aspect of campus life. Linking the two together is a string of both experience and statistical evidence. "In the United States, researchers have often demonstrated through self-report and victimization surveys that sexual assaults are endemic on university campuses." Not only are the recreational use of drugs and alcohol associated with the occurrences of rape but also there is an alarming trend associated with the crime that resonates the seemingly un-punishable offender state that has been created by the aforementioned institutional environment."
Abstract This paper discusses student cultures on American collegecampuses by utilizing Michael Moffat's "Coming of Age in New Jersey: College and American Culture" and Helen Horowitz's "Campus Life". The authors are right in their contention that, notwithstanding many of the changes that have occurred in campus life, higher education and student life has always been characterized by certain continuities.
Abstract The paper provides an overview and background of the issues involved in gun control in general and as it applies to collegecampuses in particular. The paper reviews the relevant literature and the popular media to determine the salient issues involved and what the potential implications of allowing all students to carry guns on campus might be for students, faculty and the American public alike. The paper concludes that outlawing guns is not likely to solve the problems being experienced in the nation's schools and collegecampuses when it comes to violent crime.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Gun Control and Violent Crime
Conclusion
From the Paper "One of the more divisive issues confronting the United States today is the ownership of guns. For instance, according to Utter (2000), "Perhaps with the one exception of abortion, gun control is the most controversial issue in American politics, and it appeals strongly to the emotions of those who support as well as those who oppose further regulation of firearms" (p. ix). On the one hand, gun control advocates maintain that so-called "Saturday night specials" and their ilk do not have any particular value as legitimate weapons for any purpose besides criminal activity and the proliferation of guns in this country has directly contributed to the increased incidences of violent crime in recent years. These arguments, though, fly in the face of reality."
This paper discusses one of the most pressing public health issues on collegecampuses today, the quick spread of meningitis in the college-age population.
Abstract This paper explains that colleges with large and diverse populations that intermingle frequently in large public areas and with a high number of individuals living in dorms and shared rooms are especially at risk for meningitis epidemics. The author points out that a form of prevention is vaccination, although not all strains of meningitis have a vaccine; many campuses require college students to receive vaccinations that are available for the common strains. The paper concludes that appropriate antibiotic treatment of most common types of bacterial meningitis can reduce the risk of dying from meningitis to less than 15%.
From the Paper "But how do you know someone has the disease, you ask? Some of the symptoms are a high fever, headache, and a stiff neck. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, discomfort looking into bright lights, confusion, and sleepiness. Of course, all of these can be simply symptoms of stress and other college lifestyle issues. Yet these lifestyle issues are also stress-related causes that make an individual potentially more susceptible to contracting the ailment. It is important, therefore, to be aware when one has all of the classic symptoms of fever, headache, and neck stiffness that it may be more than stress or the flu."
Abstract The use of marijuana on collegecampuses is one of the most contentious issues facing the academic world today. Marijuana is widely used within American society, despite widespread anti-drug lobbies and prevention campaigns. This paper shows that the effects of marijuana have been said to include effects on memory, negative social effects and health effects like cancer, immune damage, and respiratory problems. Additionally, anti-marijuana groups often point to marijuana as a "gateway" drug and note that marijuana use can potentially be dangerous while driving. The paper shows, however, in contrast, many scientists contend that marijuana is largely misunderstood and may have many positive medical uses. Given this debate, it becomes difficult to determine how marijuana use should be regulated or prevented, especially given the stunning inability of current approaches to stop the growth of marijuana use among young people. The paper shows that decriminalization of the drug is one likely candidate, coupled with stiff penalties for driving under the influence of marijuana or selling marijuana to children. The complexities of the political, social, and scientific aspects of this debate ensure that the problem of marijuana use on collegecampuses will not be easily solved.
From the Paper "Many scientists and drug experts argue that marijuana is a deeply misunderstood drug. In fact, Rosenthal, Kubby, and Newhart argue that marijuana is "one of the most benign substances known to man." They suggest that the current criminalization of marijuana came from needlessly worried parents and liquor and pharmaceutical companies that were worried about losing market share. They argue that most of the evidence against marijuana is either misinterpreted or false. Further, they argue that the government's anti-drug policy is driven by political and social reasoning, rather than any strong scientific evidence of the dangers of marijuana use (Rosenthal, Kubby, and Newhart). Further, Earleywine and Marlatt provide some convincing evidence that marijuana use does not impair the grade of college students who use the drugs."
Abstract As colleges struggle to handle the various differences their students and faculty embody, the problem of "hate speech" has become a focal point of educational erudition and policy-making. The paper shows that in the most deliberate and alarming cases, hate speech is projected to degrade or disgrace those at whom it is directed, usually colored people, gays, lesbians, the physically or mentally challenged and women, regardless of their sexual orientation, race, religion or ability. This essay discusses the current dominant structure within which the matter of hate speech is being debated. This structure draws heavily on the discussion of the Fourteenth and the First Amendments, which in the author's opinion, are not adequate to cope with the issue of hate speech. There is a pressing need for extra-legal standards for communicative interaction to handle this sensitive issue.
From the Paper "Those discussing the hate speech on college campuses often support either the Fourteenth or the First Amendments, depending on their political preferences. Fourteenth Amendment advocates the value of "equal protection" while the First Amendment supports "freedom of speech". Due to this general tendency to rely more and more on various laws, it is not unexpected that hate speech should also be conceived legalistically."
Abstract Over 50 percent of Americans are obese and many of these obese Americans can be found at college. One of the reasons that college students are obese is the type of food found at the cafeteria, in the dorms, and in the educational buildings. Pizza, hot meals, cold sandwiches, ice cream, and soda pop all have one thing in common. What? They usually are found at college. Nutrition is a serious problem at American colleges. This paper examines the problem of obesity among American university students and the factors contributing to this problem. The paper suggests that the traditionally unhealthful types of food sold on collegecampuses are a primary cause of this epidemic of obesity amongst American college students.
