Abstract
The paper relates that while it may be true that the world is growing smaller, it is also true that the world remains a very heterogeneous place with a multitude of different cultures and attitudes; as a result, it is imperative for marketing experts to find means of bridging the cultural, linguistic and sociological gaps that may keep some products from achieving success in other cultures. The paper shows how collectivist cultures can play a key role in whether or not individuals buy certain products from some countries but not from other countries.

From the Paper
"While it may be true that the world is growing smaller, it is also true that the world remains a very heterogeneous place with a multitude of different cultures and attitudes; as a result, it is imperative for marketing experts to find means of bridging the cultural, linguistic and sociological gaps that may keep some products from achieving success in other cultures. Over the next several pages, it will be shown that..."

Tags:countries, goods, collectivist

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the multicultural concepts of an individualistic and collectivist culture. The paper begins with a brief description of why it is important to understand culture which is then followed by an analysis of these notions based on a review of the research on individualistic and collectivist cultures.

From the Paper
"Culture is typically defined as the customs, languages, values, practices and worldviews of social groups. Tischler states that the extent to which one identifies with one's culture contributes to his or her overall well-being. The term 'cultural identity' refers to the extent to which one is attached to or feels a sense of belonging identifies with his or her culture. In this regard, Tischler reports that when identification with one's culture is strong, there is an enhancement of the sense of belonging..."

Tags:culture

Abstract
This paper attempts to define the nature of an individualist or collectivist culture or society and what are the advantages and disadvantages of adopting one of these culture values to individuals and other people. It examines how individualist cultures tend to be self-dependent, while collectivist ones are group-dependent and how these two culture dichotomies affect a wide range of activities and interactions among people, such as family relations and social interactions, education, work and personal achievement.

From the Paper
"Collectivists are less competitive, but are more cooperative in the education and work environment. These traits are important if the primary aim is to prevent any tensions among other people, which is of primary importance to collectivist cultures. Although individualist and collectivist cultures are different from each other, performance and achievement between these two cultures tend to balance out because being a high achiever (an individualist trait) or a cooperative (a collectivist trait) individual helps in the positive achievement of an activity and goal."

Tags:trust, socirty, environment, groups, performance, achievement

Abstract
The paper reveals that any cultural examination of India will highlight strong collectivist values based on a long historical tradition of social dependence. The paper examines Indian culture to illustrate how the stirrings of Western individualism are minimal, still largely controlled by the existing social networks, and still in their formative stages.

From the Paper
"In the West, individualism is a central value in all cultural constructions. Especially in fiercely individualistic nations such as the United States, it can be difficult to conceptualize that there exist other cultures and nations in which individualism is not a prized value. Individualism is, according to Hofstede (2003) the degree to which individuals in the culture are integrated into social groups. The contrary position to this value is collectivism. All cultures according to Hofstede, and even his cultural contemporaries such as Trompenaar and Hampden-Turner, exist somewhere along this individualist-collectivist..."

Tags:india, cultural, values

Abstract
This paper discusses how individualism and collectivism are exact opposites and how they represent two extremes in the way people live their lives. It contends that the most notable differences between the two lifestyles are their views on personal relations, self-fulfillment, and group collaborations. The author also discusses how a comprehensive understanding of the two concepts would help him in his job as a child and youth worker.

From the Paper
"A collectivist society meanwhile can be defined as "a culture whose members feel loyalties and obligations to an in-group, such as family, community, or organization." (Adler, Rosenfield, Proctor, & Winder, 2006, p. 420) In general, societies with a collectivist point of view will value traits such as teamwork, cooperativeness and adherence to social norms. Perspectives such as these tend be displayed in Asian, Latin American and African nations and tend to be "associated with women and people in rural settings." (Class Notes, 2009) The wellbeing of the group is essential to a collectivists own self identity, and because of this they are strongly dependent on group collaboration and interdependence. A collectivist will generally sacrifice sovereignty for the welfare of others and put the common goals of a group before the individual. People who display collectivist traits are generally less competitive and tend to avoid conflict at all cost. They value family and strong social relationships, and endeavour things such as faith, love, unity, harmony and trust."

Tags:culture, mannerism

Abstract
The paper examines the role that the European Parliament plays, shaping and changing the nature of European international politics and affairs. Specifically, the paper argues that the European Parliament as the legislative institution of the European Union is emblematic of the dissolution of national sovereignty that is occurring in Europe that dramatically affects the way that nations interact with one another.

From the Paper
"The development of the European Union over the last fifty years has been met with both criticism and praise. Some perceive the increased political integration as evidence of a new kind of political structure, one that globalization will continue to facilitate throughout the world. This imagined integrated political structure for Europe is nothing short of a new kind of community. Europe, arguably, is one of the most politically fragmented regions of the world when examined historically. Despite a common Western heritage, the nations of Europe have long been in conflict. The idea of a integrated, and perhaps even federalist, Europe would have seemed fully implausible even a few decades ago and was probably seen as nothing more than a fanciful dream when the foundations of the EU were laid down in the 1950s."

Tags:european, parliament, sovereignty

Abstract
This paper discusses the inequalities that exist in society, focusing primarily on those suffered by the homosexual community. The paper suggests that, throughout the course of history, society, with the help of government coercion, has singled out various groups and punished them. In particular, the paper discusses the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy of the US military, the Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual-Transexual (LGBT) movement, and legislation to protect the rights of members of this group. The paper concludes with a review of the struggle for right to same-sex marriages and adoption of children by homosexuals.

From the Paper
"Currently, poverty rates of children in single parent homes are much higher than those in a married couple's household. It is believed that if these mothers and fathers who are single were married, they would in fact be making more money. In today's society, it is very difficult for anyone to live on one income, so yes; this is obviously a true statement. However, it does not necessarily mean the two incomes have to be from one male and one female in the home. Unfortunately, more than 25 million children in America alone are being raised in the home with only their mother."

Tags:minority, army, sub-communities, marriage, children

Abstract
This paper evaluates the culture of Southwest Airlines (SWA) by examining the two major categories of organizational cultures - individualistic and collectivist. It explains that organizational culture is the basic pattern of shared assumptions, values, and beliefs considered the correct way of thinking about and acting on problems and opportunities facing the organization. The paper also discusses the differences between individualistic cultures, where the primary emphasis is on personal freedom of choice, and the collectivist culture where personal goals are less important than organizational goals and interest. The paper concludes that SWA has a collectivist culture and has created a culture that allows the employee to contribute and have fun at the same time.

From the Paper
"More than 32 years ago, Rollin King and Herb Kelleher got together and decided to start a different kind of airline. "We Weren't Just Airborne Yesterday" began with one simple notion: if you get your passengers to their destinations when they want to get there, on time, at the lowest possible fares, and make darn sure they have a good time doing it, ("time flies when you're having fun!") people will fly your airline. They were right, businesses began to catch on. The Tom Joyner Morning Show (The TJM show) is currently a big advocate and does plenty of advertising for Southwest Airlines. Whenever the TJM show is performing a live Skye show, they present two of their audience attendees with two tickets from SWA to fly anywhere in the USA. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Florida has an account with Southwest Airlines for all of their employees and business traveling needs. What began as a small Texas airline has grown to become one of the largest airlines in America."

Tags:human, relations, organizational, behavior, flight, individualistic, collectivist

Abstract
This paper provides an economic analysis of particular historical factors that contributed to the relative decline of the British Empire since around 1870. It begins by briefly discussing the basis for the British Empire's phenomenal growth. The paper then focuses its explanation for the Empire's fall on the collapse of free market values in the empire and their replacement with collectivist and protectionist strategies that encouraged rival nations to assert their own global dominance and threaten Britain's position.

From the Paper
"In the end, the Empire's rigid attempts to hold onto the whole of itself at the expense of free market values would be the undoing of the Empire. The tighter the control the Empire exerted to make up for lagging industry and slow innovation, the more threats from outside the Empire intensified as well as unrest within the Empire and nationalist uprisings. These factors ultimately had the effect of undermining the strength of the Empire. After two World Wars, the British Empire was thoroughly unable to maintain its position of global dominance and quietly let go of its remaining colonial holdings. In 1947, with the liberation of India, the British Empire was effectively no more (Windschuttle par. 3). The most powerful empire in the world--even if it was one of the most short-lived--was no more, suffering a relative decline in importance and authority began quietly as early as the 1870s."

Tags:uprising, free, trade, innovation, protectionist, collectivist

Abstract
Uses evidence from Rand's work and the novel to assert that the society in "The Beach" is collectivist and thereby reprehensible by objectivist standards. Emphasizes that all characters in the novel are what Rand would consider parasites, except for the Individualist, Jed, Who is the only redeeming element of the society. Implies that Garland, like Rand, admires Jed and recognizes the importance of the Individual as superior to the collective.

From the Paper
"Just as a man can evade reality and act on the blind whim of any given moment, but can achieve nothing save progressive self-destructionso a society can evade reality and establish a system ruled by the blind whims of its members or its leader. . . But such a society can achieve nothing save the rule of brute force and a state of progressive self-destruction. (Rand VOS 135)" Ayn Rand's comment on the unreasonable state of world politics in 1963, specifically communism, socialism, theocracy, and any other form of government that holds the collective above the individual, could have easily been written in a critical analysis of Alex Garland's The Beach, even though the novel was written thirty-four years later. According to Rand, and Randite Objectivists, the novel describes a society of parasites who have no concept of individualism - a central component of the Objectivist philosophy".

Tags:aynrand, collectivism, communism, individualism