Abstract
This paper explains that Carl Jung's collective unconscious theory basically states that there are many layers to the conscious mind. The author points out that Jung embraced a Darwin style belief and attributed Jung's archetypes to a biological base, which were inherited much in the same manner that having blue eyes is inherited. The paper relates that this theory, in later years, was ridiculed by many in the profession; however, modern investigations into false memories, memories from post traumatic stress syndrome and biological components of the brain lend credibility to this theory of collective unconscious. The paper includes two charts.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
What Is It
Collective Unconscious
Biological Aspect
His Background
Evidence
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Taking the step one level further, the world of mental health has uncovered something that is referred to as false memory syndrome. This is where someone has a memory and it comes forth and the therapist and the person begin to work on it as if it is a memory of an actual event. Medical science has decided that sometimes they are false memories that are being brought forth and there is a definite biological component to their existence. This helps provide evidence of the biological factor or archtypes that are referred to in Jung's theory."

Tags:memories, stress, darwin, critics, archetypes

Abstract
This paper discusses Jung's idea of the collective unconscious and how that factors into neuroeconomics and cognitive bias that affects consumers' buying decisions.

From the Paper
"Carl Jung's concept of the collective unconscious suggests that society shares an unconscious mind that is the product of ancestral experience and that contains elements of various human institutions such as science, religion and morality. This notion of a reservoir of the experiences of our species was thought by Jung to explain why people tend to make similar choices even though they do not know each other or live in the same region or era. Jung's concept gave rise to..."

Tags:Jung, neuroeconomics, cognitive bias

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the collective unconscious and comunally shared ideas and looks at how this relates to myths. The writer compares the various beliefs of Freud and Jung in this regard. The writer notes that unlike the personal ideas of the area of the unconscious that are specific to the individual, the idea of the collective unconscious suggests that the human community shares certain specific, particular concepts or stories known as myths. Further, the writer points out that although these ideas are not articulated upon the surface, they are made evident in the myths and stories produced by the community.

From the Paper
"Unlike the personal ideas of the area of the unconscious that are specific to the individual, the idea of the collective unconscious suggests that the human community shares certain specific, particular concepts or stories known as myths. Although these ideas not articulated upon the surface, they are made evident in the myths and stories produced by the community. Jung might note that Freud's chose a myth to express the idea of the Oedipus complex, or the hostility of child-parent relations between the child and the parent of the same sex. Rather than a tale of the Greek classical belief in the unavoidability of fate, as the surface meaning of the Oedipus story might seem to express, the tale becomes an expression of the entire human community."

Tags:unconsciousness, psyche, expression, associations

From the Paper
" Carl Jung's theory of wholeness best describes the internal force that drives human development. The core concept of Jung's approach was that each person possesses two separate personalities: an outer public self and a hidden, inner self that felt a special closeness to God. The interplay between these two selves affected the individual's striving for integration and wholeness.

Jung was fascinated by death, nature, and philosophy even as a youth. As Douglas (1995) notes, "Jung received a thorough education embedded not only in the Protestant theological tradition but also in classical Greek and Latin literature" (p. 99). Born in 1875 in Switzerland, Jung experienced striking mythological dreams and visions during his childhood. Jung's parents were a dysfunctional couple, and the youth reported.."

From the Paper
" Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung developed differing views of mental processes and psychological development, and these differences are seen in their views on dreams and myths, the meaning of dreams, and the way dreams reflect and reinforce myths about the meaning of human behavior. The different views each takes of dreams are reflected in their methods of interpretation, the meaning they place on dreaming, and related issues.

Hunt (1992) states that the differences between Freud and Jung with respect to dreams can be found both in terms of their contrastive dream theories and methods of interpretation and in their own dreams and related subjective states. Hunt points out that Freud's dreams are often confused and fragmented and stands closest to what most people mean by "dreaming." They also involve the reorganization of personal memories. Such dreams.."

From the Paper
"Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) is most famous as one of the first psychoanalysts to break with Freud's vision of human instincts as either sexual or self-preservative in nature and to develop a less mechanistic psychoanalytic theory of his own. In addition to reworking Freud's concept of the conscious, the preconscious and the unconscious Jung developed the idea of a collective unconscious in which, he claimed, all human beings shared a link with their primeval past. Jung subsequently developed his own theory of personality in which the idea of the collective unconscious led him to the conclusion that regression, rather than being maladaptive, was a helpful psychological strategy. Jung's ideas were developed in the context of his broad interests in the literatures, religions and mythologies of the world. This produced an attempt to gain a universal ..."

From the Paper
" "The latest developments have convinced me that my views are in such sharp contrast to the views of the majority of the members of our Association that I can no longer consider myself a suitable personality to be president" (McGuire, 1974, p. 358). On April 20, 1914 Carl Jung proclaimed the final break between him and his colleague Sigmund Freud.
The paths of these two psychoanalysts were destined to cross as each progressed in his studies concerning the way the human mind functions. Sigmund Freud studied various fields at the University of Vienna and after receiving a degree in medicine became a clinical neurologist in 1881. He eagerly began work with Viennese physician Josef Breuer and conducted experiments that would lead to the development of psychoanalysis. Examining (...)"

Abstract
This paper analyzes the life and work of psychological theorist Carl Jung. The author summarizes Jung's major work in the establishment of the collective unconscious, human archetypes, "the complex" and synchronicity, and discusses Jung's separation from Freudian psychoanalytic theory with his exploration of dreams, philosophy, religion and literature.

Outline:
Psychoanalytic School
Carl Gustav Jung and Analytic Psychology
The Archetypes
The Collective Unconscious
The Complex
The Lifework of Carl Gustav Jung
Carl Gustav Jung Today

From the Paper
Carl Gustav Jung today stands as one of the most popular and influential psychologists whose perspectives have extended its influence well beyond the traditional confines of psychiatry. Jung's work has been criticized as being imprecise and numinous (Atkinson, 1993, p.545).
"The consequences of Jung's work have influenced significantly our way of thinking. Freudians have called Jung's theories as mysticism or religious in nature but Jung is remembered more fondly versus Freudian theories. Jung's theories have influenced motivational programs like the Alcoholics Anonymous as well as paved the way for a positivist approach in personality testing such as the popular Myer's-Briggs Test.
Jung was not afraid to study together scientific psychology and mysticism, religion and parapsychology, a traditional taboo of his field. However, because of his initiatives in this field, we are realizing more about ourselves and extending our realities. If one is to admire another for one's determination and open mindedness, then Jung certainly is a person to be admired.

Tags:psychoanalytic, archetypes, collective-unconscious, positivistic

Abstract
The paper outlines Freud's basic beliefs on the conscious, the preconscious and the unconscious and on the id, ego and superego. The paper then discusses Jung's analytic or depth psychology that was built on Freud's ideas and introduced the idea of the collective unconscious. Finally, the paper looks at Adler's beliefs on inferiority and how they opposed those of Freud.

Outline:
Freud's Psychoanalytic theory
Jung's Analytic or Depth Psychology
Adler's Individual Psychology
Conclusion

From the Paper
"As an heir apparent to Freud, Carl Jung's analytic or depth psychology is closely bound with the theories of the former. Classified as an "offshoot" of Freud's psychoanalysis theory, Jung explained that there is a dimension of the unconscious that Freud has failed to acknowledge--the collective unconscious. It is, according to Jung, "the deepest layer of the unconscious mind that is shared by all human beings" (Ticao, 2001, p.313). It goes back to the time of the ancient world, revealing common experiences, which are being made permanent in the mind. This contains what are called "archetypes" that sort out experiences, usually when the conscious mind is either distracted or inactive. Apart from what Freud stated that dreams are related to sexual and aggressive instincts of the id, Jung conversely pronounced that dreams are principally archetypes that are unconsciously expressed during sleep or when inactive. He also mentioned about the presence of the "animus" and the "anima". The animus refers to "the archetype that represents the masculine side of females" (Ticao, 2001, p.314), while the anima refers to the feminine side of males, from which this archetypes help males and females react with one another. Each human being, according to Jung, has a "shadow": a darker, evil side of the person that is expressed through literature and art. It was also him who first introduced the concepts of introversion and extroversion. In introversion, the interest is being directed to oneself; while in extroversion, the interest is being directed to the outer world (Ticao, 2001, p.314)."

Tags:id, ego, superego, collective, unconscious, inferiority, superioritycomplex

Abstract
This paper describes the concepts put forward by Carl Jung. The paper begins by discussing Jung's life and the history of his works. It describes him as a psychiatrist and founder of analytical psychology. The paper discusses the ways he used his background on Freudian theories to explore the "inner space" of the human psyche, involving mythology, religion, and philosophy into his studies and becoming an expert in mystic symbolism.

Table of Contents:
The Psychoanalytic School
Carl Gustav Jung and Analytic Psychology
The Archetypes
The Collective Unconscious
The Complex
Synchronicity
The Lifework of Carl Gustav Jung
Carl Gustav Jung Today

From the Paper
"Socrates, Aristotle and Plato opened the floor for the study of human behavior and mental life in their philosophical discourses. The fundamental question involved what motivated man to do the thighs he does and how ideas come about. Two thousand years have passed and these questions remain the driving force behind the study of the human psyche- of Psychology."

Tags:archetype, collective, Freud