Abstract
This essay discusses collective bargaining at the European level. The paper answers three questions posed by the customer: What are the main challenges to collective bargaining at the European level, what are the main legal challenges at the European level and finally, is collective bargaining at the European level possible today and in the future and if not, why not.

From the Paper
"European nations have made a lot of progress in recent year in moving toward a more unified Europe. The countries have already converted to a single currency, the euro. Now as they state to think about increasing globalization even further, many trade unions from the differing countries would have and interest in coming together and collective bargaining jointly. However, there several hurdles in the way of this goal."

Tags:collective, bargaining, europe

Abstract
This an analytical essay that opens with an explanation of collective behavior theory. The paper then continues through the theoretical framework and a look at the various theorists behind the concept and analysis of the theory. Using historical causes and events, the writer provides a theory of influence that pushed Germany into a wave of collective behavior. This draws the writer to conclude that value-added theory, a type of collective behavior theory, is the most appropriate for explaining the rise of Nazi Germany.

Outline:
Introduction
Overview of Theoretical Origins
Summary of Historical Causes
Theoretical Perspectives
Mass Hysteria Theory
Emergent Norm Theory
Value-added Theory
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Simply stated, there are two general ways that this type of behaviour is described in the theory. The first derives from the analysis of crowed behaviour by Gustave Le Bon. He viewed crowd behavior in terms of negative social disruption. This is contrasted to the more modern and more positive view associated with the works of George Rude and others. Rude views collective behavior essentially as rational response by a group to achieve a particular social or political objective. These two divergent views can be seen as an originating matrix for much of modern theory. Gustave Le Bon stated in his work, The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind (1986) that, ...when acting collectively, as in a crowd, people feel anonymous, and with their individual identity goes their individual conscience. Therefore, when involved in a crowd, or mob, people participate in violent and other types of extreme activities that they would never perform as individuals. (Funston)
Le Bon is also known as he originator of the 'breakdown theory', which is "...the classic sociological explanation of contentious forms of collective action such as riots, rebellion, and civil violence".(Useem 215) The essence of this theory is that riots and violence occur as a result of the breakdown of the mechanisms of social control and when these mechanisms lose their restraining power. (Useem 215)
"In contrast, a new approach to crowd and group began to develop in the Twentieth century. This approach was more "sympathetic' to crowd behavior. Theorist such as Pasquale Rossi (1867-1905) promoted the view that collective behavior was not irrational but was rather the expression of reason and collective will. Rude followed this trend and viewed the crowd as a collective expression of shared and common interests. This is a view that seems to be more applicable to the situation in Germany prior to the Second World War."

Tags:nazis, fascism, germany, sociology, collective behavior

Abstract
The paper examines the labor relations and the collective bargaining process through the traditional models of job security and seniority. The paper discusses the present trend of outside events like the attacks of September 11th dispelling any feelings of job security, and the practical realities that national security concerns may run contrary to traditional models. The paper also considers how the time respected hierarchy of seniority is giving way to merit and performance based compensation in the education field. The paper discusses the grievance and disciplinary roles of the collective bargaining agreement as well as the necessity of a formal system and the symptomatic manifestations of the abuse of the process.

Tags:collective bargain, security and seniority, grievance and discipline

Abstract
The following assignment is for a third year sociology course. The topic discussed is collective social behaviour. The collective social behavior examined in this assignment is anti-war demonstrations. The writer uses social contagion theory and emergent norm theory in order to examine the nature of anti-war demonstrations.

From the Paper
"Collective behavior is a very broad area of study. For example, in Collective Behavior Erich Goode states, 'Rumors and legends, fads, and collective protest- these and other social phenomena make up the subject matter of the field of collective Behavior'. Collective behavior is the relatively spontaneous, unstructured, extra institutional behavior of a fairly large number of individuals. The fact that collective behavior is such a diverse area of study means that many activities can be used to examine it. For this paper, demonstrations against the war in Iraq or anti-war demonstrations as they are commonly called will be used to examine many of the theories about collective behavior."

Tags:collective, behaviour, anti, war

Abstract
This paper examines whether or not it is professional and ethical for nurses to engage in collective bargaining. In particular, the paper focuses on the appropriateness of nurses going -- or threatening to go -- on strike. The paper asks whether striking is an abandonment of the patient. The paper also reviews the purpose behind collective bargaining -- what it is intended to achieve and how it functions, particularly in unions for health care professionals.

Tags:nurses, collective bargaining, stirke

Abstract
This paper is a review of John Piskulich's book "Collective Bargaining in State and Local Governments." The paper covers Piskulich's discussion of policymakers, the role of unions, the various dimensions of the bargaining process, the history of the policy making process and the obstacles policy makers face.

From the Paper
"In his book John Piskulich attempts to uncover why and how to manage collective bargaining. "Collective Bargaining in State and Local Governments" discusses how the collective bargaining process in the public sector has grown from a state of infancy to maturity. He makes note that policymakers are currently in a state of flux, constantly changing and modifying current regulations to keep up with the dynamic environments in which they work. John Piskulich emphasizes in his work that public-sector unions act as a significant force in operating government agencies."

Tags:public-sector, labor, policies, private, sector, work-force, members, labor, unions, collective, activity

Abstract
The paper relates that Collective Bargaining Agreements are defined as allowing employees and employers to openly discuss pay, benefits and working conditions with the goal of reaching a mutually beneficial agreement and to ratify the agreement in the form of a written contract.

From the Paper
"Collective Bargaining Agreements are defined as allowing employees and employers to openly discuss pay, benefits and working conditions with the goal of reaching a mutually beneficial agreement and to ratify the agreement in the form of a written contract. Whether there is a benefit from Collective Bargaining Agreements resulting..."

Tags:collective, bargaining, agreements

Abstract
This paper considers why it collective rights will progressively subordinate individual rights in a society that is plagued by over-crowding. The paper notes how the clamor and competition for finite resources eventually will lead to utilitarian assessments about the value of human life. Additionally, the paper argues that a society that has many people will tend to view each and every one of them as less important in a relative sense than a society that has comparatively very few individuals.

From the Paper
"It is sometimes asserted that the rights of the "common" - the community or the collective - will eventually impinge upon the right of the individual as the population in already-overcrowded nations and globally continues to spiral upward. This sort of statement can be interpreted in many ways and undoubtedly will be interpreted in many ways by people coming from different socio-economic and socio-political backgrounds. Be that as it may, this writer chooses to interpret the initial sentence in this paragraph as follows: as populations grow more massive, the..."

Tags:individual, rights, collective

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the importance and elements of labor management activity in collective bargaining. The writer argues that diminishing labor union influence and membership are giving management new advantages in this process. The writer focuses on wages and benefits as vital elements in the process.

From the Paper
"Of critical importance in shaping the labor-management relationship is the process of collective bargaining, a process that can be either collaborative or confrontational. At its core the collective bargaining process is a system of negotiation in which each party seeks to maximize its position vis-a-vis the other however as Jane Poulsen noted there are often strong incentives for collaborative action as opposed to confrontational action. The collective bargaining process is defined by Holley Jennings and Wolters as an activity ..."

Tags:labor unions, management, collective bargaining, wages, benefits

Abstract
This paper examines Toyota and Nike in terms of collective bargaining and labor management in relation to globalization. The writer discusses that globalization and free trade will play a crucial role in boosting long-term U.S. growth prospects encouraging efficient technology transfer increasing returns-to-scale for companies and offering cheaper consumer goods.

From the Paper
"The impact of globalization technology and the current economic crisis on labor-management relations and collective bargaining has been great. Although globalization has brought increased competition in markets according to Forbes more U.S. workers benefit from increased trade than suffer from it. Globalization will result in freer trade which will play a crucial role in boosting long-term U S growth prospects encouraging efficient technology transfer increasing returns-to-scale for companies and offering cheaper consumer goods."

Tags:Toyota, Nike, collective bargaining, labor, abuse