Abstract
This paper explores how Diocletian's reform of Roman coinage and the "Tetrarchic" style of representation served in literally changing the face of Rome's coins. Furthermore, it assesses how these two dramatic changes in the coinage served to bring a sense of stability back to the Empire. These questions are dealt with through an examination of the history of coinage in the Roman Empire and how it changed under Diocletian. The paper suggests that issues faced by the Empire were reflected in its coinage. The author concludes that in Diocletian's coinage reform, he attempted to not only bring about economic stability for the Empire, but to also ensure the presence of such stability on the coins themselves.

Coin Value: Debasement, Degeneration, and Revaluation
Faces on the Coins: All for One
Hand in Hand: Stability as Brought About Through the Coins
Works Cited

From the Paper
"Fifty years after the end of the Pax Romana, the emperor Diocletian was tasked with securing order in the Roman Empire. Chief among the issues Dicoletian faced was an increasing devaluation of imperial coinage. Although the almost half a century of barbarian invasions and bickering warlords was now behind the Empire, the effects of such tensions were still felt in monetary exchange rates."

Tags:Roman Empire, numismatics, iconography, Emporers

Abstract
This paper discusses an idea of opening a business in Japan. The paper shows that one first needs to understand the Japanese culture and society. Many Westerners try to "go it alone" and without proper research, their ideas often fail, but with good planning, it is possible to open a successful car wash in Kobe, Japan.
Place
Promotion
Product
Price

From the Paper
"There are a great deal of factors that need to be considered when evaluating business expansion into Japan. The business culture of Japan is very different to that of the Western world. Tradition and culture are as deeply set in business as they are in everyday life. To put yourself in a competitive position in the Japanese economy, you must first understand the unusual rules of the economy. Culture and tradition must be understood fully, before conducting the expansion."

Tags:business, opportunity, culture, marketing

Abstract
This paper will seek to understand the new development of the "Axis of evil" that has been coined by the new President Bush. By understanding the competing views on this very serious political statement, we can understand the Party platforms that are being created in the disagreement on the how to view the Middle Eastern world. By showing the definite problems with this 'axis', we can understand how power plays a large part into the domination that the United States seeks in the oil industry, and can largely be defined though this medium.

Abstract
This paper discusses the concepts of sociological imagination, coined by C. Wright Mills and social action, explained by Max Weber. The paper discusses the philosophy of each approach and how it affects a person's actions in life. The paper then provides examples of prominent women in society and discusses how their beliefs and actions fit into these concepts.

Table of Contents:
The Sociological Imagination
Social Action

From the Paper
"Social action plays a dominant role in the leadership and organization of social movements. Ella Baker, one of leading African American and civil rights activists of the 20th century, worked primarily as a behind-the-scenes organizer for such leaders as Martin Luther King, Jr., Thurgood Marshall, and W.E.B. DuBois. When she became field secretary for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1941, she was one of the central figures who pushed for the committee to decentralize itself and be more inclusive, during which time she traveled all over the country recruiting new members. Indeed, field action played a prominent role in the social activism of Ella Baker."

Tags:activism, history, reaction

Abstract
This paper discusses how "manifest destiny" was a term coined by President Polk to disguise his intentions of getting as much territory as he could. The author feels that President Polk goaded Mexico into a war that easily could have been avoided as the Americans saw that it was their right and necessity to keep expanding westward into Mexico's land and Spanish territory. This paper examines the events of the 1840s, when U.S. President James Polk wanted to purchase Mexican territories of California and New Mexico for annexing them to America. It shows that upon Mexico's refusal to sell that piece of land, the United States invaded Mexico, defeated it and forcibly occupied about half of the Mexican territory. The war, which started in 1846, ended with the defeat of Mexico and signing of a treaty at Guadeloupe Hidalgo in 1848. The paper shows how, according to the treaty, Mexico had to hand over Texas, New Mexico and California, thus being deprived of about one half of its own territory and a vast treasure of land and natural resources.

From the Paper
"Looking back we see that the American greed for land did not subside with the conquest of Mexico. With the discovery of gold in and around California, Americans began to migrate [referred to as the Gold Rush in history], towards California. To speed up the migration process, the need of railroads was identified. President Franklin Pierce dispatched James Gadsden to Mexico to strike a deal for the purchase of those lands, which lay south of Gila River between the borders of the two nations. Because Mexico had still not overcome the effects of their defeat of 1848 and because the government there was in absolute need of money, it agreed to the sale of a huge triangle of land across southern Arizona and New Mexico at a total cost of $10 million. In history this deal is known as Gasden Purchase."

Tags:Guadeloupe, Hidalgo, Mexican, American, War, James, Polk

Abstract
This paper examines the new monetary unit in Europe, the euro. The author looks at the groundwork that led up to creating a common monetary system, the methods of circulation, the coins' designs and denominations, and the problems that may arise from the system.

From the Paper
"On January 1, 2002 over 300 million European citizens saw the Euro transform from a virtual currency into reality. Twelve countries ended their use of individual currency and joined forces in creating a uniform monetary system. These twelve countries are Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. Britain, Sweden and Denmark choose not to switch to the Euro. The creation and implementation of the Euro was a long and tedious process that began in 1958 with the Treaty of Rome. The objective of this treaty was to create a common European market, which would benefit the regional economy by bringing these countries closer together economically."

Tags:coins, currency, money, exchange, silver, uniform, nickel, market, system

Abstract
This paper details how money as a tool was born and what significance it played in people's lives throughout the times. This paper also provides a definition of the concept and how it has evolved over time. The paragraphs below explain how the concept of money has provided a foundation for today's global culture. This paper explores how this concept has become misunderstood and intangible over time. By understanding the history of money, one can take with them a better grasp of how to handle the current economic environment. With hope, maybe this understanding can lead to change within the present economy.
Introduction
Definition of Money
Early Coins
Early Banking
Paper Money
American Monetary System
Intangible Money
Conclusion

From the Paper
"There is a common misconception among people that money means something or has value in our culture. In today's current economic environment and age of speed of light technologies that bring people closer together than ever before, it is difficult to imagine that money does not have any real value. It really depends on one's concept or definition of money. Right now in this day and age where the system is failing so many as the cost of living grows higher and the average wage stays the same, it is easy for one to become obsessed with the notion of money being valuable. A wise man once told me that money is a tool and how you chose to use will define your character. He also expanded this idea by elaborating money as a tool can make things happen, rather those things are good or bad is entirely put to the person handling the money. With this in mind, it is easy to see how wrapped up society has become in money and how it works. Now more than ever, money seems so fluid and intangible as it can take on many forms, not just paper but bursts of light over a telecommunications wire or the magnetic strip of a debt card. It is seems now more than ever as the relationship of supply and demand of money becomes twisted, people need a better understanding of how money came to be so important."

Tags:coin, bank, note, currency, value

Abstract
This paper discusses the two most common debates on how governments should be elected. Eastern Europe has been and continues to go through major, turbulent changes on its way to democracy. It became clear very early on that "simply" sitting down and thinking of a new way to govern was going to take a very long time. One of the earliest problems that needed to be solved, besides how to govern, was how to elect the new government. The two most common debates, then, were "President vs. Parliament" and "Proportional Representation vs. Majoritarian (or Pluralistic) Representation." This piece explores the merits and pitfalls on each side of both coins.

From the Paper
"Both supporters of a presidential system and supporters of a parliamentary system agree on several elements of the governing systems. First, the more centralized the system, the quicker things get accomplished. It takes a lot more time for a verbal argument to be presented and debated in an assembly than for one man's synapses to fire in the decision making process. Behind the flagship democratic movement, Solidarity, was a single man, Lech Wal_sa, pushing decisions through. It is argued that this non-democratic form of decision making was necessary to achieve the desired result - that the end justified the means. Regardless, decisions were made quickly in response to the daily problems of mass strikes and city hall demonstrations. As for parliamentary systems, most scholars agree that strong, well-defined political parties are needed (Zielonka, 97). The world of parliamentary decision making is one of compromise and coalition. Without effective parties that reduce the number of shouting voices from hundreds to several, sessions of parliament can easily turn into personal "slugfests." Parties are just beginning to truly define themselves in Eastern Europe, emerging from the obsolete umbrellas that united them against a common enemy, and have not had the time to fully develop."

Tags:eastern, election, europe, government, first-past-post, power, revolution

Abstract
The reasons for and the nature of Constantine's commitment to Christianity is a complicated issue. By examining Eusebius's "Life of Constantine", his "Edict of Milan", the laws of Constantine as found in the Codex Theodosius, his architectural undertakings, and the coins he issued, this paper shows that Constantine devoted himself to Christianity because he believed the Christian god afforded his victory at Milvian Bridge. However, through these sources the writer also reveals that the nature of his commitment originally was not of a genuine belief in Christian theology, but rather more of a vague monotheism.

From the Paper
"When Constantine decided to march against Maxentius in Rome, Eusebius explains that Constantine sought the assistance from a god, knowing that he would need a "more powerful aid than an army can supply because of the mischievous magical devices practiced by" Maxentius. Eusebius then describes that Constantine had sworn an oath that he had seen a trophy in the shape of a cross resting above the sun with "By this conquer" attached to it. During the night, God had appeared in his dream with the same trophy, urging him to make a replica and use it as protection against the enemy. Baffled by these events, "those expert in his words," members of the clergy, enlightened him about the Christianity of his signs; so, Constantine became "determined to worship no other god than the one who had appeared." "

Tags:mithraism, monotheism, pagan, rome

Abstract
The paper provides a background to the time period in which Plato lived and shows how the events of the time influenced his thinking and actions. The paper then examines his philosophies by dividing them into three sections: the Socratic, the Platonic, and the Late philosophies. The paper also describes Plato's other contributions to the world. It describes how he tried to educate the public by establishing his own academy of learning and mentions his influence on Mathematics.

From the Paper
"One item that can often be overlooked with Plato, is not only the content of his philosophies but the way he presents them. They are not written as complex papers but instead in simple dialogue form. The Macmillan Encyclopedia describes Plato's works as "dramatic dialogues of outstanding literary merit." The presentation of these arguments express his ideas while also being engaging and interesting to read. In the dialogue form, they read as if Plato is having a conversation with himself."

Tags:mathematics, idea, education, love