Abstract The paper provides an overview of scholarly research on the debate of whether the public is qualified to govern. The paper focuses on four main areas concerning whether the public is capable of governing. These are (1) a lack of political knowledge by the general population; (2) response instability, lack of a coherent ideology and quality of public opinion; (3) individuals governing as a collective unit; and (4) the political environment and citizen competence.
Outline:
Lack of Political Knowledge
Response Instability, Lack of a Coherent Ideology and Quality of Public Opinion
Can the Collective Public Govern?
The Political Environment and Citizen Competence
From the Paper "Public opinion claims to be the voice of the people, a clear and direct utterance from the citizenry. It is indispensable to the legitimacy of all governments which claim to draw their power from the "consent of the governed," and the very idea of democracy requires the people to take part in political discussion and decision making. In theory, a democracy works best when the people actively attend to public affairs, with their opinions soundly reasoned and logically consistent. However, there is a tension at the core of self-rule and public opinion. On one hand lies the theoretical ideal to be played by the citizenry, and on the other, the reality that the public does not match up to these ideals. Therefore, in a governmental system founded on the principle of "rule by the people," the question is: are the people capable of governing in a participatory democracy?"
Abstract This paper presents two theories or justifications of God's existence. The theories are the Coherence Theory and Reality Theory. The writer also provides scientific evidence and proof from the Bible. This paper is written from a Christian point of view.
From the Paper "There is so much about the universe, and our world in particular, that we take it for granted because it works so sound and flawless. As we know there are twenty-six different characteristics about the universe that enable it to continue life. And there are thirty-three characteristics about our galaxy, our solar system, and the planet Earth that is so finely tuned to permit life to exist. Our Earth, for instance, is perfectly designed for life. It is so logically size for the atmosphere we require. Its size and corresponding gravity hold a thin, but not too thin, layer of gases to protect us and permit us to breathe. Earth is the only planet we know contains an atmosphere that can support human, animal, and plant life. The Earth is also placed at a ideal distance from the sun and the other planets in our solar system. If we were closer to the sun, we'd burn up. If we were farther away, we'd freeze. The speed of Earth's rotation on its axis, completing one turn every 24 hours, means that the sun warms the planet evenly."
The paper examines in depth the poety of Lawrence Ferlinghetti, father of the Beat generation, by exploring concepts of Art, Place, and Sociopolitics in the poetry.
Abstract This paper discusses Lawrence Ferlinghetti, one of the main cultural architects to draft a visionary blueprint for a new, stable world order, as expressed through art. This paper reviews in detail poetry that covers the Twentieth Century.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Art
Technique
Graphic Form
Ferlinghetti's Relationship to and Influence on other Poets
Place
The General Need for Coherence Levels of Geographic Specificity
Country Names
City Names
Street Names
Personal Hangouts
The Noun Phrase
Sociopolitical Concerns
Communal Stability
Oppression of Other Cultures
The Environment and Animal Rights
Freedom of Expression
The Need for Communication
From the Paper "Lawrence Ferlinghetti's belief that the old world has been replaced by a
new one is made clear in his title of his first book, "Pictures of the Gone World". The description of the world of the past as "gone" indicates Ferlinghetti's belief that an irreconcilable break with the world of the past has occurred, rendering the old world pictures incapable of describing present reality. From this, it follows that the world needs to be viewed anew with a fresh eye and redescribed. However, this does not mean that elements of the gone world cannot be adapted into the new reality."
Abstract This legal memorandum examines whether a defendant who has several mental disorders, but is coherent and intelligent (and able to effectively communicate with his lawyer), is competent to stand trial.
Tags: CRIMINAL JUSTICE, LEGAL ISSUES, CENSORSHIP, POLICY, competency stand trial
This paper discusses that, although the etiology is unknown, a number of theories are being suggested for autism, a mental handicap that results from abnormalities in brain development.
Abstract This paper explains that autism is not a disease in itself, but rather a condition or a disorder of development; children afflicted with this disorder exhibit a strange behavioral complex, do not form normal social relationships, and have seriously impaired communication ability. The author points out that the biological theory of autism includes a broad array of causative factors, including genetic anomalies, viral infections, metabolic conditions, congenital abnormalities, and biochemical imbalances. The paper concludes that the rapid advancement in molecular genetics is shedding new light in the study of autism; there is no question that this will further the understanding the neuropsychology of autism.
Table of Contents
Thesis
Introduction
Biological Theory of Autism
Genetic Causes of Autism
Genetic Conditions that Cause Autism
The Central Coherence Theory
Conclusion
From the Paper "A growing amount of literature has furthered our understanding of the mental states particular to autism and other related disorders. It is known that 75% of people with autism have intellectual disability, and 30% of people having intellectual disability have autistic disorders. When compared with other subjects individuals with autism perform well in tasks that require analytical processing rather than global processing. A recent study by N.van Lang et al analyzed the connection between autistic disorder or autism on central coherence. For the study 43 subjects were chosen from special education schools. The whole pool of subjects having intellectual disability were neatly identified into two groups, one which fell under the autistic spectrum and other which have learning disabilities that fell outside the autistic spectrum. The study result supported the "central coherence theory" by confirming that the subjects with autism or comorbid disorders related to the autistic spectrum, performed well in highly analytical and detail focused tasks."
This paper discusses the embedded narratives in "Beowulf", the "lone survivor" of a genre known as Old English long epics written anonymously sometime before the tenth century A.D..
Abstract This paper explains that, despite its age, the poem "Beowulf " utilizes a complex method of storytelling called embedded narratives, which is essentially a story within a story; not only does this Old English epic have many embedded narratives within but also the narratives possess strong coherency with the current story at hand. The author analyzes five of these embedded narratives; the last one, found in the third epic of "Beowulf" is a story partly told to give the reader a brief history on the dragon that Beowulf must defeat and the treasure-horde it protects. The paper concludes embedded narratives throughout the epic poem of Beowulf seem to serve multiple purposes: A vehicle for foreshadowing, clarity in regards to character identification, comparing and contrasting and understanding, depiction and overall detail of the Anglo-Saxon period.
From the Paper "The first embedded narrative in Beowulf, begins immediately after Grendal's death. Following the demise of the fiend was a celebration to honor the heroic feats of Beowulf, the protagonist of the adventure. At one point during the festivities, King Hrothgar's thane, a story teller, shares the story of Sigemund. The narrator indicates that Sigemund had received a "treasure-hoard" after defeating a dragon by piercing a sword through its scales. In addition to the treasure, Sigemund gained publicity and his "name was known everywhere" (51). This embedded narrative is significant since serves to foreshadow the victory of Beowulf against a dragon in the concluding portion of the poem. As any reader who has finished the epic poem may know, Beowulf is victorious in slaying a dragon in the Geatish-territory."
Abstract This paper examines how John Donne uses paradox to create a framework for his poems, which helps "paradoxically" to make the poems more coherent. The author points out that one of Donne's most widely studied poems "Holy Sonnet 14" is also one of his most paradoxical in that the poem deals with the simultaneously relationship of longing and resistance between the author and God. The other poems examines are "Resurrection, "Lover's Infiniteness" and "The Paradox" .
From the Paper "Donne now begins to make associations between the rightful ruler and the soul: "Reason, your viceroy in me, me should defend, / But is captivated, and proves weak or untrue." Reason is the faculty of the mind, and conceived of as a viceroy is clearly supposed to rule the bodily appetites, according to the platonic conception of man. The linkage here is City, Viceroy, Reason, which in turn implies a parallel set that might go Usurper, The one meant to be ruled, bodily appetites. Donne's genius lies in mentioning the word "reason" before the word "viceroy," hence disrupting the progression in the readers mind in such a way as to keep the metaphor for become too obvious."
Tags: framework, coherent, religious, presentation, love
A critique of the purpose, methods and results of the article, "Sense of Coherence, Spirituality, Stress and Quality of Life in Chronic Illness," written by C. Delgado.
Abstract This paper discusses, reviews and critiques the article, "Sense of Coherence, Spirituality, Stress and Quality of Life in Chronic Illness," written by C. Delgado. It discusses the purpose and theoretical framework of the study and examines the research methods that were used. The paper then discusses the results of the study and its contribution to the study of nursing.
Table of Contents:
Purpose/Problem
Literature Review
Theoretical Framework
Study Design
Sample Collection
Measurement Tools
Data Analysis
Confidence in the Study Findings
Consistency of this Study's Findings with Findings from other Studies
Readiness of Findings for Use in Practice
Contribution of Study to Nursing Knowledge
From the Paper "The researcher didn't generalize her findings. Even though the findings in this study are not clear, there are lots of research studies related to stress and chronic illness she could have described. Doolittle & Farrel (2004) in their article, "The Association between Spirituality and Depression in an Urban Clinic," researched the relationship between spirituality and depression. Their research shows a positive relationship between depression and spirituality. Doolittle writes that with life stressors in many urban communities, such as poverty, crime, and chronic illness, a patient's spiritual life could be an important coping mechanism. They believe that in addition to church attendance, an "inner life" of prayer and meditation and belief in a relationship with a Higher Power were important elements of one's spirituality. Dolittle believes higher overall spirituality scores correlate with fewer depressive symptoms."
Abstract This paper examines how Alfred Hitchcock's "Psycho" seems to function on its surface as a morality tale of monstrosity and subsequent restoration to order. It looks at how, although the monster of Norman Bates is tracked down and rendered subject to psychological classification and incarceration by authority, the true story of the film is anything but a true restoration of coherent narrative and psychological order. It attempts to show how the film is a profound illustration of the inability of both the audience members observing the tale and the characters involved in the tale on screen to predict their own fates and to create a coherent sense of true morality, not only within the context of movie, but also in their own off-screen life.
From the Paper "By constantly subverting audience expectations with the infamous element of Hitchcock-ian surprise, Hitchcock, in "Psycho" created a new and more internal form of the conventional monster film. This new form was not relegated to castles in Transylvania or mad scientists. Rather the creation of monstrosity could occur within the structure of the everyday, familial home and the relationship of a mother and her son. The film tells the tale of the pilferage, absconding, and subsequent murder of a young woman at the hands of a man with a divided, or psychotic and schizophrenic personality."
Abstract This paper examines how factorial ecology continues to be of interest to those conducting marketing research, although radiocentric approaches tend to be more "en vogue" at the moment, especially when considering the development of new, as opposed to existing, city populations, such as in the American South, or in cities undergoing profound ethnic changes unprecedented in their history, such as Toronto. It looks at how cities undergoing physical transformations, such as New York after September 11th, also offer uncharted waters for radiocentric explanations as well. It concludes that factorial ecology's more coherent, if not always more accurate, sociological analysis is not only seductive, but also often instructive for students attempting to make a more coherent theoretical narrative about the ideological reasons for a city's shifting and changing image.
Outline
Introduction
What Are the Factors that Predict Which Model is Explanatory?
What Are the Weaknesses of Each Model?
Conclusion
From the Paper "Toronto is a mosaic-like city of ethnic and regional composition, one reason that radiocentric explanations are fairly popular in understanding its development. As with New York, the map-like spreading out of different communities are often instructive to how certain ethnicities have become part of the nation's fabric and to what extent they participate in a city's centrality or sectors of prosperity or poverty. However, once a city grows in age and second and third generation members become more integrated and dispersed within a city's fold, radiocentric explanations become more difficult to offer, unless specific communities continue built around specific urban industries, such as the city's garment district, or, to use another example, the case of Silicon Valley and its outer-lying suburbs, where an hitherto empty area of growth becomes filled because of its location around a certain nexus of the computer industry."
Abstract In this paper the author looks at the biographical typology of the conversion narrative, the structurally and thematically fixed point of the conversion, the consistent intrusion of a double perspective and the allegories of spiritual progress that appear in Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe". He analyzes these points to show that they all provide the narrative with moments of coherence and meaning. The author looks at "Robinson Crusoe" not as a spiritual autobiography, or even properly a conversion narrative; but as a tangential account of Crusoe's life which intrudes only along the margins of the narrative, with flashes of coherence and pattern that serve to set off the general experience of the narrator. He looks at this as an experience which tends toward wandering, indirectness and confusion. In conclusion, the author states that the beginning of the novel "Robinson Crusoe" is actually the end of the novel where the course of human life is only touched by completeness and in doing so Defoe is cleverly telling the reader about the confusion of human experience.
From the Paper "The genius of Defoe's novel partly lies in the association of these two antithetical narrative structures into a single narrative. Defoe had his eye on the Puritan conversion narrative but also on the earlier long fiction of the seventeenth century, the romance. The conversion narrative, in particular the spiritual autobiography, often appears to lend the narrative pattern and coherence. The adventure or romance narrative offers Defoe not only a structure for the piling on of wonders and variety, but undercuts the coherence and meaning inherent in the conversion narrative, and ultimately the patterning of history or biography in any sense. Spiritual autobiography fails to supply an organizing principle for Crusoe's life, despite the narrator's attempts, because Crusoe's underlying "malaise", his integral restlessness, 2 constantly thrusts his life out of the enclosures imposed by the conversion event."
Abstract This paper details the writing style of a paragraph within "Bartleby the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street." It focuses on how the author uses a certain style to bring out character traits, storyline, and tone. It further examines how an author can use a dull character to tell an interesting story.
From the paper:
"'Bartleby the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street,' is perhaps one of the earliest and most potent satires of American corporate culture in the American literary canon. It tells the story of a scrivener. A scrivener is a law-copyist. This particular copyist named Bartleby infuriates his superiors by his refusal to work. Such a refusal is not only anathema to them, it confounds them. They attempt to fire him, but Bartleby refuses to leave his office. It is through his refusal to work, and to give no coherent reason for doing so other than he would prefer not to, that the entire system is shaken. This paper analyzes a paragraph of the short story and illustrates how the paragraph's language, its literary devices, and its tone expose the short story's central themes."
Abstract The following paper examines the philosophy of Bradstreet, one of the greatest (and only) female writers of early American history, as a study in doubt, conviction, and compromise. It reveals how her philosophy is a study in trying not to believe what one believes.
From the paper:
"There is in her work little of the thought out philosopher, for she must too often deny her own ability to think to be able to put forth a coherent system of thought. Nonetheless, the struggle that exists mutedly through-out her work is philosophy in itself, and it says: Deny what you must to be what you must, for this is the way to social peace and even to heaven".
Abstract The author discusses the death of Edna, the protagonist in the novel "The Awakening." It is suggested that, while one may initially believe that her death was empty and pointless, with greater analysis, her suicide was a victory because she had finally discovered who she was as a woman, an artist, and a person in the nineteenth century.
From the Paper "In Kate Chopin's novel, The Awakening, Edna Pontellier begins a journey of self-discovery while staying at Grand Isle. Her life begins to seem unsatisfactory to her likings, although to others, she leads a highly respectable life, being married to a Creole businessman, living in an elegant home in New Orleans, having two lovely children, and having many friends who are welcomed at her Tuesday afternoon receptions. To Edna, however, her life was a struggle, a result of the self-realization of her respectable lifestyle and all the short-comings it brought to her. Her death could have seemed a sudden, unfortunate ending to her charming life, if only looked at from an outward appearance
This paper is an historical study of the Mohicans based on the film "The Last of the Mohicans" and a book called "Betrayals: Fort William Henry and the Massacre".
Abstract This paper details the story of "The Massacre" that was held during a battle between the Britain and France's Indian allies at Fort William. The book "Betrayals: Fort William Henry and the Massacre" by Ian Steele, took a close look at the old stereotypes, balancing out and combining contradictory accounts to forge one coherent and accurate tale. The film "The Last of the Mohicans", directed by Michael Mann, paid intricate attention to such historical details as style, language, and muzzle-loader mechanics. The paper details the event in respect to these two works and analyzes this terrible tragedy.
From the Paper "In 1757, the British outpost of Fort William surrendered to the French forces that had besieged it. Terms of surrender were granted that promised safe passage to the warriors and civilians living within the fort, and the British moved out. On the trek back to noncombatant territory, the surviving garrison was attacked by France's Indian allies. The "massacre" that followed was to go down in infamy, as wildly speculative and differing reports made their way back to the press. The episode was seen as an ultimate symbol for the perfidy of savage Indians and their treasonous European counterparts, and was perpetuated through endless literary retellings. Well over 300 years later, the story of this massacre is still being told. In 1990, a historical book Betrayals: Fort William Henry and the ?Massacre,? by Ian Steele, took a close look at the old stereotypes, balancing out and combining contradictory accounts to forge one coherent and accurate tale. Shortly thereafter, the legend was told once again, this time in full Technicolor. . The Last of the Mohicans, directed by Michael Mann, paid intricate attention to such historical details as style, language, and muzzle-loader mechanics. However, the film also took distinct liberties with the actual situations and reasons surrounding the Fort Williams massacre."
