Abstract In this paper, the writer discusses the process of learning as a global one. The writer discusses that cognitivetherapy or behavioral therapy has often been used as a treatment method for various mental disabilities. The writer maintains that the process of cognitivetherapy also has universal or global potential in treating psychopathology. The writer continues that this could be the case - although certain individuals - and certain pathologies - are more amenable to such treatment than are others.
From the Paper "Cognitive therapy also called cognitive behavioral therapy has proven to be a highly effective method of treatment for a number of different mental disabilities. Cognitive therapy incorporates one of the core models of psychology classical conditioning and learning with the more recently developed concept of cognitive distortion to help individuals change the way in which they interpret the world around them. This paper examines the model of cognitive therapy looking in particular at the function of interpretation in the process of cognitive therapy. Cognitive therapy is based on the ... "
Abstract This paper reviews and discusses Judith Beck's 1995 book, "CognitiveTherapy: Basics and Beyond." The paper first provides a summary of each chapter. Then the paper conducts an overall analysis of the book as it relates to the fields of psychology, academic advising and the role of the professional therapist.
Abstract The author states that cognitivetherapy relates to how a person thinks and attempts to resolve the patients? problems by changing how they think. The author believes that the strengths of cognitivetherapy is that it is a comforting process and an action-oriented approach focused in the present. The author continues that the weakness is it may not work in extreme cases.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Applications of CognitiveTherapy Listening to Internal Dialogue
Dream Therapy Conditions Treated by CognitiveTherapy Depression
Suicide Prevention
Strengths and Weaknesses
Ellis's Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET)
Strengths and Weaknesses
From the Paper "Beck believed that problems resulted from cognitive distortions, that is, were based in a person's thinking. Beck believed that a person's thought, beliefs, attitudes and perceptions were the basis for what emotions they would experience and how intense those emotions would be and that by changing the thinking a person could change their experience."
This paper compares two non-fiction books on cognitivetherapy encouraging a change of thinking, that will result in a happier outlook. The paper reviews "Who Moved My Cheese?" by Spencer Johnson, and "What would Machiavelli Do?" by Stanley Bing.
Abstract This paper begins with a review of Johnson's book, looking at how we handle change in the workplace. It summarizes and explains the parable used by Johnson to represent the striving for success and our reactions to change. The paper then moves on to another book on cognitivetherapy ? "What would Machiavelli Do"? by Stanley Bing. The processes involved in cognitivetherapy are explained and they are applied to Johnson's parable. The paper looks at positive ways of viewing change and lists seven points on how to handle change successfully. The paper gives criticisms on Johnson's book and contrasts it with Bing's satirical book on how to "get ahead" in business. It gives a synopsis of Bing's book, highlighting differences between Johnson's approach and that of Bing. The paper concludes by using the example of the recent experiences of Christopher Reeves to sum up the ideas evident in both books that encourage a change in business outlook and that lead to success.
From the Paper "Anyone who has been working in the business world for more than a few years knows change is inevitable. We take a job believing we will have a 40-hour week, but demands change and we"re expected to work 45 or even 50 hours. Or we are hired by a supervisor we like, only to find that the supervisor transfers, retires, or is fired, Perhaps we work with a team of people for several years when a team member is replaced. The new person doesn"t do things the way the old team member did, causing friction and discord."
Tags: workplace, parable, success, reactions, process, satire, business, outlook
Abstract This paper contends that cognitivetherapy has traditionally been used by therapists as a means of identifying thoughts of the patient that are destructive to their lives. It explains that individuals, regardless of age, may experience events throughout life that they consider traumatic. The author explains that these details of the events are considered repeatedly in the individual's mind.
From the Paper "Cognitive therapy has traditionally been used by therapists as a means of identifying thoughts of the patient that are destructive to their lives. Individuals, regardless of age, may experience events throughout life that they consider traumatic. The details of the events are considered repeatedly in the individual's mind. Recalling the event exactly as it happened each time it is contemplated generally does not occur, and the memory becomes distorted in many respects. What is significant, however, is the importance to the sequence of events that the individual places on those events. This is evident because that sequence can begin to spark reactions to other events throughout the individual's existence that allow him or her to recall the primary occurrence, and react to it in the same manner. The cognitive process, therefore, is hampered by these thoughts, leading ..."
This paper is an extensive review of Brief therapy (?Solution-Focused Brief Therapy?), which uses practical strategies to help clients make significant positive changes in their lives in a relatively short period of time.
Abstract This paper states that Brief Therapy contrasts markedly with the psychoanalytic approaches because Brief Therapy focuses on what is going on in the client's life at the time of the therapy and does not delve into the subconscious or early childhood experiences. The paper also reviews Gestalt Therapy and cognitivetherapy and their relationship to Brief therapy. The paper is well researched.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Implementation
When is Brief Therapy Appropriate?
When Brief Therapy Is Not Appropriate?
Related Research
Questions Raised by Brief Therapy What Do We Need to Know about Brief Therapy?
From the Paper "Therapists who use brief therapy have specific tasks to accomplish with their clients. They have to learn skills and techniques used with solution-focused therapies. It helps for them to be open to new ideas regarding how to guide people to actively make changes in their lives. They need to be able to use several approaches with skill and flexibility, as a client may become stuck and need an innovative way to move forward."
Abstract This paper focuses on three types of therapy - cognitive, behavioral and psychodynamic psychotherapy. This paper discusses these therapies relation to depression. This paper reviews Freud's beliefs regarding depression, as well as the behaviorist theories relating to physical action, and physical behaviors. Additionally cognitivetherapy is discussed as it relates to thought patterns which may be destructive for the patient.
Abstract This paper discusses various approaches to therapy and how anxiety and depression are affected by them. The paper looks at the beliefs of cognitivetherapy, behavioral therapy, Freud's psychodynamic therapy, and then discusses new approaches to therapy that incorporate all of these methods. The paper concludes that a mixture of all therapies is best when dealing with the individual patient.
From the Paper "The individual patient may handle crisis situations in varying ways. Therefore, determining which method of treatment will depend on the patient's cognitive patterns, actions and behavior, and the core beliefs that are developed in the patient prior to treatment. As these issues are focused upon, the therapist can begin to aid the patient toward recovery from the most common disorders introduced into the therapy situation - depression and anxiety. Therefore, it is not just one therapy that is best suited to every patient. Answers for treatment may be identified in each of the predominant forms of therapy that are available today. Sigmund Freud believed that depression was often the result of loss in a patient's life. Freud contended that the loss subconsciously felt by the patient generally occurred during childhood, and oftentimes was a forfeiture that was not recalled in adulthood ("Explanations")."
Abstract This paper reviews the articles by Allan Kaplan, Christopher Fairburn, Roz Shafran, and Zafria Cooper. Kaplans article serves as a literature review of various therapies including cognitive behavioral theory, while the articles by Fairburn, Shafran and Cooper focus on how cognitivetherapy works for people with anorexia nervosa.
From the Paper "What is the best way to treat anorexia nervosa? Is one type of treatment better than another one? Why should research be spent on anorexia nervosa? These are important questions because "research shows that about one percent of female adolescents have anorexia. That means that one out of every one hundred young women between ten and twenty are starving themselves, sometimes to death" (ANRED). Anorexia nervosa does not only affect young women, but it can affect children as young as five and any adult including men. With this thought in mind, it is important to study different types of treatment including cognitive behavior. "
Abstract This paper will talk about the concept of behavioral therapy in psychological counseling, and will include a discussion about its historical foundations and its interactive therapeutic components. Reference will also be made to how this form of therapy works well when used in conjunction with cognitivetherapy.
An overview of cognitive behavior therapy, focusing on the roles of the therapist and patient and how it compares to other therapies used in psychology.
3,720 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 6 sources, 2006, $ 133.95
Abstract This paper discusses cognitive behavioral therapy and the elements of its practice. It also explores the therapist and patient roles of cognitive behavioral therapy, and how it relates to other therapies currently used in psychology. Adlerian therapy, person centered therapy, existential therapy, Gestalt therapy, reality therapy, solution oriented brief therapy, multi-modal therapy, feminist therapy, and rational emotion behavior therapy are discussed and contrasted to traditional cognitive behavioral therapy. Through these comparisons a focus on the central characteristics of these therapies is evident, providing a framework for patients and professionals to determine which therapy would be most effective for the needs of particular patients.
Abstract This paper analyzes the article, "Cognitive-Behavior Therapy: Reflections on the Evolution of a Therapeutic Orientation" by M.R. Goldfried, which presents an account of the evolution of cognitive-behavior therapy over the past 35 years, since it began with the introduction of cognition into behavior therapy in the mid-1960s. It examines how, as cognitive-behavior therapists became more experienced clinically and recognized that clients did not always engage in clearly reportable internal dialogues, the schema construct was used to understand more about clients? implicit meaning structures. The distinction between cognitive-behavior therapy and cognitivetherapy is discussed, and the importance of activating emotional experiencing in the clinical change-process is underscored.
From the Paper "Goldfried discusses many justifications for the addition of cognition in behavior therapy and even discusses situations of therapy sessions that institute them. Psychologists came to realize that patients might not have the capacity to store, encode, and retrieve information needed for participation in therapy with a clear "internal dialogue". Thus, establishing an information-processing model, called a "schema", helped therapists understand the problematic functioning of patients having difficulties such as inaccurate classification of events, selective attention, and so on. Goldfried goes on to define a schema as "a cognitive representation of individuals" past experiences with other people, situations, and themselves, which helps them construe events within that particular aspect of their life?."
Abstract This paper discusses the theories behind cognitive-behavior and reality therapies. It begins by discussing the combination of behavior therapy and cognitivetherapy termed cognitive-behavior therapy. It also discusses the background of the philosophy behind reality therapy. The paper then goes on to discuss the practice of the two approaches in a therapy environment.
Table of Contents:
Cognitive-Behavior Therapy Reality Therapy
From the Paper "Reality Therapy was founded by Dr William Glasser in the United States in the 1960s, who set up the Institute of Guidance Counselors in Ireland, in 1985. Glasser believed that changing how we behave is the key to changing how we feel and to getting what we want. Based on a broad range of theories and therapies, Glasser said that Reality Theory was based on "Choice Theory," that is, based on internal motivation to try and fulfill the wants and needs outlined by other theories, but behavior is "total" and made up of the interlocking components of acting, thinking, feelings and the physiology, (acting and thinking being voluntary). The wants and needs of other theories are outlined as Power (which includes achievement and feeling worthwhile, as well as winning), Love and Belonging (which includes groups, families or loved ones), Freedom (which includes independence, autonomy, and having one's own "space"), Fun (which includes pleasure and enjoyment) and Survival (which includes nourishment, shelter and sex). (Glasser, n.d.)"
Abstract The following discussion provides an evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the treatment of a female patient who suffers from alcoholism and depression. The writer points out that it is expected that this type of therapy is highly effective in the treatment of these problems, as it provides a greater understanding of the negative influences in life, as well as the positive.
From the Paper "For individuals that develop any number of psychological or emotional problems that require professional intervention, it is necessary to consider the many options that are available. There is a necessity to utilize specific techniques in order to treat such problems as depression and alcoholism, amongst others. With this in mind, the purpose of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as a means of offering support for the management of these problems is a critical step in a positive direction for many patients. A wide body of research supports Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as an effective treatment for a variety of disorders, including the issues related to alcoholism and depression. The following discussion describes a specific case study involving a young female, who has suffered from serious bouts of alcoholism and depression concurrently, and has initiated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as a means of supporting her wellness regimen."
Abstract This paper reviews a study that explored the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and the school success of students with anxiety disorders. The author presented the study's hypothesis and methodology. The paper also detailed the population that was used for the study. Finally the reviewer gave the conclusions of the study, which showed that CBT therapy over time will decrease overall anxiety in school children.
Outline:
Research Question
Hypothesis
Methodology
Sample
Results/Findings
Conclusion
Overall Effectiveness
Source Used
From the Paper "Finally, the sample size creates limitations on the generability of the results. Although the results did have overwhelming numbers, a sample size of 38 is inadequate to appropriate to other populations. However, it does raise awareness for educators and parents alike that school and social problems may have a root with an anxiety disorder and that it should not be discounted before an official diagnosis can discount such a cause."
