Abstract
This paper looks at how Douglas Rushkoff, author of "Coercion", claims that marketing techniques are infringements on consumers' liberty. It also discusses how, in comparison, John Stuart Mill's principle in his work "On Liberty", shows us marketing techniques in a more positive light and how more often than not, they do not infringe on our liberty of choice. The paper discusses the various reasons why we are not subject to coercion when we shop.

From the Paper
" The difference between watching an advertisement and listening to propaganda or abiding by societal influences, is that your livelihood is affected in both the latter situations. You would not lose friends, or your job, or even your life, when you block out marketing techniques. But the same might not be true when it comes to government or societies trying to persuade you. Many a times, these influences affect your livelihood, and you are forced to allow them to influence you. Many listen to political rallies because they are worried that they would vote for the wrong party, resulting in loss of benefits or bad government (i.e. the 'harm' in the principle). "

Tags:consumer, advertisement, choice

Abstract
The writer examines the history of the development of economic sanctions. It defines this tactic as a type of coercive diplomacy, a strategic political tactic by which a demand to one's adversary is backed up with a threat of punishment for non-compliance that is estimated to be severe enough to be persuasive. The paper traces the policy back to the bible, differentiating between economic sanctions and blackmail.

From the Paper
"Coercive diplomacy consists of four possible tactics: a demand, the means used to create a sense of urgency, threatened punishment for noncompliance and possible incentives. Differences and combinations of these tactics provide five type basic types of coercive diplomacy, identified as the ultimatum, the tacit ultimatum, the "try-and-see" approach the "gradual turning of the screw", and the carrot and stick approach. (3)"

Tags:politics, government, policy, aggression, punishment

Abstract
This paper discusses the necessity of ongoing research as a tool for building knowledge in all scientific fields. The example of Carneiro's anthropological theories from the 1970's is used in light of new research in the field by David J. Wilson. Wilson's methods of testing previously held theories and building on them is highlighted.

From the Paper
"Carneiro's Coercive Theory: In any of the sciences, previously published and discussed theories are important for the continuation of growth and discovery within the field of study. In the social science of anthropology, this manner of building upon previous scholarship is no different than in any other science. Previously held theories are reviewed with and applied to current studies by current anthropologists. One recent example of this can be found in the work of David J. Wilson as he studied archaeology in South America. Wilson tested the hypotheses that were laid out by 1970s American anthropologist Robert Carneiro. This paper shall deal with how Wilson's work related to and built upon Carneiro's Coercive Theory, first defining and laying out just what this theory is, and then studying how Wilson's work added to scientific thought by using said theory. In the 1970s, anthropologist Robert Carneiro was investigating..."

Tags:anthropology, wilson, carneiro

From the Paper
"This research examines the concept of coercive diplomacy as developed by Alexander George and William Simons in their seminal work, The Limits of Coercive Diplomacy (1994). The concept of coercive diplomacy will first be defined, followed by an analysis of the several different factors which affect the outcome of such a strategy. Finally, some of the most important factors will be highlighted that contributed to the successful conclusion of diplomatic actions in Laos and Cuba.

Coercive diplomacy is defined as a defensive diplomatic strategy that is employed in the international arena to deal with the efforts of an adversary to change a status quo situation in his own favor. Coercive diplomacy is distinct from deterrence theory in that coercive diplomacy is a response to a hostile action already taken while deterrence attempts to..."

Tags:BOOK, REVIEWS, NON-FICTION

Abstract
The paper discusses how the practice of discipline has always been a sensitive subject, particularly the practice of it in schools and how teachers tread that fine line between being overly lenient and being too harsh. It explores the three main discipline methods in the market currently: non-coercive discipline, assertive discipline and cooperative discipline and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. It shows how by adopting the positive elements of each method and combining them in practice, a teacher is able to sustain a school environment conducive to learning as well as being able to attend to the individual needs of students who struggle with personal issues and therefore misbehave in class.

From the Paper
"The basic premise of Glasser's theory of non-coercive discipline is that the primary problem involving discipline is not about actions of defiance or disruption on the part of the student. It has more to do with the student's strong feelings of apathy and indifference towards getting more involved in class projects and activities. Glasser believes that pupils are indifferent when their needs are largely being ignored. These needs revolve around a sense of belonging, power and freedom as well as an element of fun. The student needs to feel like he or she is a bonafide member of the class and the school."

Tags:teachers, pupils, class, behavior, school, environment

From the Paper
"Coercive persuasion and thought reform share many similarities, mainly the goal of altering behavior and attitude through coercive influences often based in groups. Schein, Lifton, and Professor Ofshe's through his Sociology 156 class all give different emphasis regarding the subject. Schien the apparent "father" of the study, analyses coercive persuasion in a three-stage model, Lifton focused on eight key elements that contributed to the totalistic qualities of the methodology, while Ofshe elaborated on the role of coercive persuasion in police interrogations. All theorists seem to agree with Schein's three-stage process, with the additions of their further findings. The result is a elaborate theory of coercive persuasion that gives insight into the results on the individual formed through confined/assertive and nonconfined/nonassertive programs, belief internalization, and the effects of the methods, graded on adherence to the leader and doctrine."

Tags:coercive, persuasion

From the Paper
"THE INDISPENSABILITY OF DIPLOMACY
The thesis of this essay is that diplomacy is an indispensable institution in the system of states. The practice of international relations is, for the most part, associated with conflict resolution, as conflict and disagreement "are endemic" in the international environment (Barnaby, 1988, p. 21). Cooperation may be considered as a foundation of human civilization; however, cooperation in transnational conflict resolution has traditionally been noticeably absent in the conduct of international relations (Clem, 1983).

War or the threat of the use of force is the traditional approach to conflict resolution in the conduct of international relations (Aron, 1973). Although each national state tends to reserve a monopoly on violence for itself, through mutual diplomatic .."

From the Paper
"This research proposes an American security policy for the Middle East for the 1991-2000 time period. This proposed policy is developed through consideration of (a) the factors causing the Middle East to be important to the United States, to include current American interests and objectives, (b) assumptions relating to the Middle East for the 1991-2000 time period which may be expected to influence American policy, and (c) proposed policy changes for the United States with respect to the Middle East."

From the Paper
"Overpopulation is perhaps the single most pervading force of today's society. Transcending boundaries of political science, economics, sociology or any other field working with issues relevant to contemporary society, the mathematical certainty of exponential population growth is simple; By the time we begin to sense overpopulation, it is only a short time until the problem reaches mammoth and uncontrollable scale. Particularly in the third world, where resources are scarce, the imperative for action for clear. China and India are the two most heavily populated nations of the world, yet have taken radically different approaches to population control. India has maintained a strictly non-coercive population policy, and indeed the population has skyrocketed. China, on the other hand, has succeeded in curbing the population growth rate quite significantly by taking a much more proactive stance. While pragmatically effective, China's policies are so authoritarian and coercive that they lead to consequences considered simply inhuman by many."

Tags:China, India, population, third world

From the Paper
"The freezing of foreign-owned financial assets held in depository institutions is a tactic that is used widely for both legal and political reasons. Host countries where foreign-owned financial assets are held in depository institutions most frequently place a freeze on activity involving such assets for legal reasons to preserve the assets until judicial determination has been made as to the proper use and disposition of such assets. A case in point is the freezing of the accounts of the Ministry of Economic Relations of the Republic of Russia held in a financial institution in Luxembourg (Gerenstein, 1993, p. 3A). A freeze was placed in these financial assets through a court order..."