Abstract
The paper discusses how the nursing code of ethics began with Florence Nightingale in 1893 and was patterned "after the hypocratic oath" taken by physicians (Hook & White, 2008, p. 1). The paper relates that by 1896, the Nurses' Associated Alumnae in both Canada and the United States came together, creating the American Nurses Association, as well as a new code of ethics to be used throughout nursing practice. This code was then replaced in the 1940s by a code mandating 17 provisions for nurses to adhere to, which were not altered until the late 1960s, reducing the number of provisions to ten (Hook & White, 2008, p. 3). The paper explains that by the late 1970s, 11 provisions were adopted and in 1985 and 2001 interpretive statements were added.

Tags:nursing, code, ethics

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to analyze different aspects of Pulse Code Modulation including sampling theory, aliasing, quantizing and effect of non-uniform quantization. Each part of the paper begins with the theoretical analysis; then the simulation results are presented. Finally the practical measurement results are demonstrated and discussed. For better analysis and subjective evaluation of quantization process, a Java-MATLAB application is developed (the source codes are included). Finally in the conclusion, the main points of each part are summarized.
Outline
Introduction
Pulse Modulations
Pulse Code Modulation
Sampling
Nyquist Sampling Theorem and the Aliasing Distortion
Zero Order Hold (ZOH)
Effect of Output Pulse Width
Aliasing Distortion
Variation of the Output Filter Bandwidth
Quantization
PCM Quantization Analysis: Java-MATLAB Software Application
Peak clipping
Quantization Distortion
Spectrum of Quantization Noise
Non-Uniform Quantization
The i law
Quantization Distortion for a Companded System
Conclusion
References
Appendix A: Java Software Source code

From the Paper
"Sampling is the first step in any pulse modulation system. In fact by sampling, a signal is represented by set of discrete samples. If the frequency of the sampling is high enough, the original signal can be recovered from the samples. This concept will be examined with more details later. From the mathematical point of view, the sampling process can be considered as the multiplication of the message signal by a train of Dirac impulses. "

Tags:aliasing, analogue, bandwidth, clipping, code, communication, converter, dac, digital, distortion, filtering, frequency, holding, law, low, matlab, modulation, non, nyquist, pass, pcm, peak, pulse, quantization, sampling, simulation, spectrum, theory, uniform, zero, zoh

Abstract
This paper relates that the Professional Engineers' Code of Ethics covers the basic requirements for the engineer in terms of ethics,. The author points out that the code shows that the engineer should show ethical behavior to his or her associates, employers, clients, subordinates, and employees, which includes the public in its broadest application. This paper notes that the code cites the need for he engineer not only to be competent but to keep up with new developments in the field and so to pursue ongoing education in this field in order to have that necessary knowledge.

From the Paper
"The engineer has a number of levels of responsibility and may have to balance those based on which are more important. His or her primary responsibility is to the professional code of ethics, which in turn is based on the view that the profession owes a responsibility to society and must place this responsibility first. In the case of a project being paid for by the taxpayer, the engineer owes it to society to assure that the costs are not excessive and that the project that is being done has a good chance of success at the price being paid. There are a number of different rationales offered for why engineers have particular obligations to serve the interests of the public and to especially work to maintain safety as part of their public trust."

Tags:engineering, code, ethics

Abstract
The paper discusses the Samurai and their code of honor. The paper talks about Japan's warrior class and various aspects of the code, including the absence of the fear of death. The paper includes the concept of an honorable death to regain honor. The paper concludes with the impact of the code of honor on Japanese soldiers in World War II.

From the Paper
"In Japan, the warrior class was known as Bushido. The Samurai and Their Use of Bushido: Integral to this code was an absence of any fear of death and the belief that dying in battle would bring honor to one's family and one's lord."

Tags:Samurai, honor code

Abstract
This paper will analyze Enron's Code of Ethics and examine the sections on values and corporate responsibility. The paper will use applicable theories and concepts and will detail Ken Lay's view of ethics and Enron's corporate social performance. The paper will argue that Enron was not being socially responsible to all of its stake-holders because it deceived employees and investors about its real financial status despite having stated in its company code of ethics that transparency, integrity and respect for the law would be the cornerstones of its daily operations.

From the Paper
Enron's Code of Ethics: An analysis This paper will analyze Enron's Code of Ethics and examine the sections on values and corporate responsibility. The paper will use applicable theories and concepts and will detail Ken Lay's view of ethics and Enron's corporate social performance. The paper will argue that Enron was not being socially responsible to all of its stake-holders because it deceived employees and investors about its real financial status despite having stated in its company code of ethics that transparency, integrity and respect for the law would be the cornerstones of its daily operations. Enron's values, as stated in the 2000 code of ethics, include the

Tags:enron, code, ethics

Abstract
The paper relates that the Canadian Nurse's Association is founded on the Code of Ethics of Nursing that is a statement of ethical values for the profession. The paper discusses how it helps guide nurses in their commitment to the practice of high-quality health care and those who need to receive such care. The paper notes that the functionality of the Code of Ethics is that it was created for nurses by nurses.

From the Paper
"The Canadian Nurse's Association is founded on the Code of Ethics of Nursing. The Code of Ethics is a statement of ethical values for the profession. It helps guide nurses in their commitment to the practice of high-quality health care and those who need to receive such care. The functionality of the Code of Ethics is that it was created for nurses by nurses. Every day a nurse is faced with life and death situations and they need to know with objectivity what the best course of action is in order to save a..."

Tags:code, of, ethics

Abstract
The paper describes several aspects of the American Association of Nurses (ANA) Code of Ethics including its content, its principles and degree of clarity, its usefulness and its strengths and weaknesses. The development of the Code of Ethics over the decades is also discussed.

From the Paper
"Butts and Rich point out that effective nursing requires both broad knowledge and a set of well developed abilities and skills. The required tasks are many and varied and in order to do them properly care must be taken to.."

Tags:ANA, Code, of, Ethics

Abstract
This paper examines the Code of Ethics for the International Chiropractors' Association, evaluating its clarity of goals, identified ethical procedures, and grievance procedures. An opinion on the difficulty of enforcing the code is provided, and recommendations for strengthening potential weak areas are offered.

From the Paper
"The Code of Ethics for the International Chiropractors Association-ICA-is lengthy, detailed and comprehensive. The quality of a code of ethics cannot be judged solely on such superficial criteria, however. As suggested in the text, "Health Care Ethics Principles and Problems", a number of inputs, processes and outcomes must be considered in measuring the quality of health care and concomitant codes of ethics, health care professionals' credentials, procedures and protocols, results of health care and mortality rates for..."

Tags:code of ethics, health care, specialty, chiropractor, ICA

Abstract
This paper addresses the following issues: Analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of Walmart's Corporate code of conduct; identifies the ethical risks to which the company is subject to and gives recommendations to strengthening and/or clarifying the current company's code to help management strategy to minimize those risks.

From the Paper
"Wal-Mart recently became the largest company in the world. Wal-Mart employs more than one million Americans and has sales worldwide of approximately ..."

Tags:Wal mart, code of conduct, suppliers, offshore, comparative advantage, business ethics, consumerism

Abstract
This paper analyzes the use of mobile code, including security considerations on networks, and concludes that mobile codes are necessary and useful, but require strict security measures to maintain data integrity.

From the Paper
"Even casual computer users are familiar with firewalls - programs designed to protect their computers from malicious programs that might download themselves onto unsuspecting machines when they are connected to the Internet. What many computer users may not understand is that the same type of programs that might contain viruses and Trojan horses are also used to perform critical functions when one is connected to the Internet. These small programs automatically download themselves onto machines without action from the user and run in the background... "

Tags:Mobile code, computer security, computer networks