Abstract The paper briefly discusses why these alliances could have taken form and discusses why they didn't arise. Due to religion division, reformist coalitions could not be formed in Germany before 1914. In fact, instead of propagating goodness and unity, a German reformist party, SPD, even betrayed the government. The government itself was preparing for war before 1914. Since the reformists' aim was unity, they could not unite to form a coalition or fight the government's plan of war.
Abstract This paper examines the countries of Belgium, Germany, and France in the context of Downs's book. It explains how Downs attempts to conduct his analysis with two main ideas guiding his study. The first and most important is the volatility of voters; the other is to understand constraints under which politicians make coalition bargains.
From the Paper "William Downs presents an in-depth study of the effectiveness of coalition politics when presented on a regional or subnational level. A "coalition is when two or more groups or parties agree to pursue a common goal or a common set of goals, pool their resources in pursuit of this goal, and communicate and form binding coalitions concerning this goal" (20). In particular, Downs examines the regional governments of three countries: Belgium, Germany and France."
Abstract This paper examines the motivations for the United States to take the lead in the development and leadership of the coalition to oust Iraq from Kuwait in the 1991 Gulf War. The research indicates that the reasons were diverse and multiple.
From the Paper " Why the united states took the lead in forming the allied coalition to oust Iraq from Kuwait in the Gulf War. This paper explores the issue of why the United States took the lead in a forming the coalition and leading the coalition in the military campaign .."
Abstract This paper discusses the Christian Coalition and Religious Right in terms of their national values, political a agenda and to what extent they reflect the movement's understanding of Christian theology.
From the Paper "The Christian Coalition, founded in by Pat Robertson, is now headed by President Roberta Combs. The members of the Christian Coalition are comprised primarily of white evangelical born again Christians who believe the Bible is accurate in all of its teaching and that they personally have a responsibility to tell other people their religious beliefs. As the primary force behind the Religious Right in American society, religion and politics, the Christian Coalition is enormously influential in politics. When George W Bush stated during..."
Tags: fundamentalism, government, politics, Bush Administration, abortion, gay rights, charitable choice, Pat Robertson, born again, separation of church and state
Abstract This paper explains that the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) is an advocacy group, which works to protect the interests of impoverished and working class individuals in Ontario. The author points out that, through direct action and casework, OCAP helps many poor people. The paper relates the reasons why people would want to work for OCAP.
From the Paper "The Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) is an advocacy group that works to protect the interests of impoverished and or working class individuals in Ontario. According to Jeff Shantz in Fighting to Win, The Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) is a direct action anti-poverty organization which, since 1989, has fought governments of all stripes in Ontario, left (so-called), right and centre to defend the needs of poor people and to work for a future where people are able to live decently (Shantz 2002: 1). Although this mission statement seems to be relatively straightforward the reality of the situation needs to be explained in detail."
Abstract In this article the writer discusses community organizing in a particular organization in Toronto. The organization examined is the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP). This paper looks at issues such as mandate, organization, methods and targets of this organization.
From the Paper "The Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) is an advocacy group that works to protect the interests of impoverished and working class individuals in Ontario. According to Jeff Shantz in "Fighting to Win", The Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP) is a direct action anti-poverty organization which, since 1989, has fought governments of all stripes in Ontario, left (so-called), right and centre to defend the needs of poor people and to work for a future where people are able to live decently. OCAP's mission is to improve the lives of poor people in Ontario."
Abstract This paper explains that, in the years leading up to the September 11 attacks, the U.S. had a very limited working relationship with Pakistan, especially in the area of stopping the Taliban. The Taliban's roots in Pakistan go back to the Afghan war from which the struggle against the Soviet occupation and battle for power produced an infrastructure for jihadi activism. After 9/11, the U.S. was unable to stop the Taliban and their supporters because the Taliban retreated underground in Pakistan. Furthermore, the paper relates that a new wave of anti-American sentiment has led to increased recruiting and greater strength for the Taliban in Pakistan. The author urges that the West keeps the pressure on Pakistan to make a peaceful transition away from supporting the Taliban and into democracy.
Table of Contents:
The Taliban's Roots in Pakistan
Before September 11
After September 11
Looking Forward
From the Paper "The Taliban continues to use madrasas as recruiting bases, as they had done before the September 11 attacks. As Maceda writes, thousands of young Pashtun men have been recruited from madrasas since the Taliban was forced out of Kabul and into relative safety in Pakistan in 2001. These men are generally recruited with the promise of high salaries and the lure of jihad. But as Shaikh suggests, the Taliban's structure changed after September 11. Instead of a monolithic leadership, the Taliban is made up of a number of different groups with varying backgrounds and motivations."
Abstract This paper looks at the way that Islamic spiritual instruction schools (madrasas) teach the students that terrorism and jihad is the way to spiritual enlightenment. The paper argues that these madrasas need to take more responsibility for their students' extremist actions.
From the Paper "Over a decade Islamic terrorism has contributed a major part in the movements of revivalism. Amidst the members of the Islamic community, the concept of killing, threatening the enemy for the intention of speeding up the ultimate victory of Islam and maiming has always held a very strong fascination despite the fervent objection from Western Moslem scholars. The secret spiritual schools (madrasas) that have burgeoned in certain Muslim countries formed the social base of militancy of Muslim fundamentalism. This situation is particularly true in countries like Pakistan where schooling system is in a pathetic situation. These madrasas or centers of Islamic learning receive their sources from countries like Saudi Arabia."
Abstract In this article, the writer examines the coalition partnership between Australia and the United States in regards to the requirements of combat supply communications and information systems requirements for future logisticians. This work first states that there is a technological and capability gap existing between the United States and its coalition forces. Secondly posited in this work is the fact that there are several areas of logistics that must be factored into that must be improved if coalition logistics are to be improved and made more effective and efficient. The writer maintains that of primary importance in regards to coalition forces information systems and technology standardization and integration is the modernization of intelligence processes, security, information operations and assurance and critical infrastructure protection. The writer concludes that Australia's government has been highly proactive in its focus upon becoming more enabled to provide coalition support and logistics to the United States.
Outline:
Aim of Study
Introduction
Limitations
Technological/Capability Gap
Improving Coalition Logistics
Modernization, Integration and Standardization
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper "It is clear that information systems are the first and foremost support in coalition support and just as clear are the necessary considerations relating to infrastructure, transportation, communication, compatibility standards and material integration and standardization. Australia has been proactive in preparing its forces for this coalition support integration and has made great advances toward this end. Future strategies regarding the war theatre have been demonstrated in this study to be different in that the use of coalition forces will broaden the options available at the time of deployment of U.S. troops and will make it possible to deploy troops much quicker and packed much lighter for their journey than previously ever known to be possible due to the support of coalition forces. "
Abstract This paper discusses one of the most diverse coalitions to emerge in recent times - that of the European Union, or EU. The paper examines the EU in the scope of "five lenses class theory". That is, it looks at formality, power, risk, structure and time frame with regard to the EU. The paper then presents a set of recommendations for the coalition as it moves into the future.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review of Relevant Literature
Analysis of the Coalition According to "Five Lenses Class Theory"
Recommendations
From the Paper "Overall, the EU should institute more rigid guidelines in terms of how nations that are affiliated with the coalition receive, and use, power. In this instance, power refers to the trading privileges, military latitude, and human rights activities of the member nations involved. When there are safeguards in place to in essence police the members of the coalition, it will gain credibility and avoid entanglements abroad. By regulating the power that flows through the EU, the risks associated with the maintenance, and future growth of the coalition will be greatly reduced. Timeframes are also important, especially in terms of strategic planning and growth. It would be wise for the EU to establish, and adhere to, a timeline that keeps the achievement of established goals on track. Lastly, the structure of the EU is very important; while the temptation in the formation of coalitions is to make them as large and unwieldy as possible, this is an exception. Because of the innovative nature of the EU, it will undoubtedly have to evolve substantially to achieve goals and remain viable in future years as the global economy likewise matures. Therefore, the agility of the EU will be very important."
Abstract This paper explains that industrial relations within the context of the British economy and the character of its workforce have long been dominated by the power and presence of its unions. The author points out that, because of the stakes involved in the collective bargaining negotiations, game theory (GT) and coalition theory, which is a subset of GT, is relied upon to achieve fractional improvements in contract negotiations. The paper relates that game theory (GT) is most often associated with a zero-sum scenario; however, it also encompasses positive-sum and negative-sum scenarios where a party may gain or win without the necessity of an equivalent loser. The author relates that, because of the necessity to form alliances in order to reach consensus among diverse stakeholders, industrial relations often employ a type of GT known as coalition theory,which examines the nature, reasons and underlying dynamics of these coalitions that form in all the various settings. The paper includes graphs.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Game Theory
Industrial Relations and Game Theory
Conclusion
From the Paper "Of particular value has been research integrating sender-receiver frameworks that analyze how knowledge is transferred, both symmetrically and asymmetrically, with GT whereby advantages gained through asymmetrical knowledge transfer creates zero-sum advantages for one player or the other in an industrial relations setting such as the collective bargaining platform. This concept is explained in terms of being a signal that one side uses to inform the other of a possible solution, such as concessions that can be made on benefits."
Abstract This paper stresses that violence in US schools and families is as much associated with suburban and rural schools as it is with impoverished inner-city schools. The paper then proposes a violence prevention program, which serves the school's entire student body, teachers, support staff, administrators and parents or caregivers because they are all affected to some degree by the incidence of violence. The paper relates the categories of violence to be addressed by the program and describes the coalition service activities. The paper concludes that the expected results are the reduction in violence and sexual abuse in schools and school-sponsored extracurricular activities and the promotion of pro-social behaviors.
Table of Contents:
Targeted Promotion and Prevention Issues
Project Vision
Population to be Served and Rationale for Selection
Scope of Preventative Efforts
Table: Six Categories of Violence to be Addressed
Coalition Service Activities
Table: Description of Coalition Service Activities
Expected Results
From the Paper "Other techniques that will be used as part of this initiative will include conflict resolution seminars wherein students will be trained in effective conflict resolution techniques, and anger management workshops where students can learn alternatives to expressing their anger other than violent behaviors. If deemed appropriate, the educator in charge of the initiative can coordinate small counseling groups as well in which students can communicate the problems they are experiencing with violence, or where students with such behavior problems can identify the potential source of these behaviors and take action to resolve them."
Abstract This paper first defines and analyzes the Republican Party coalition of 1994 and then moves to the thought and writings of Theodore J. Lowi. The author states that Lowi's school of thought has promoted disunity among the democratic masses of the United States because Lowi forgot the diverse segments within the politics of the United States.
Table of Content
Background
About Theodore J. Lowi
Summary of Lowi's Reasoning and Argument and the Negative Affects
Theodore J. Lowi's Overview on Liberalism
Lowi's Definition of Liberalism
A Wider Meaning
The New Liberalism and its Outcome
The Emergence of Conservatism from Liberalism
How Liberalism Nationalized Conservatism
The Flawed Coalition Conclusion
Flaws in Lowi's Views and its Negative Effects on Democracy
From the Paper "Theodore J. Lowi, the John L. Senior Professor of American Institutions at Cornell University, is a highly acclaimed political scientist and an expert on the American presidency. He was the former President of the American Political Science Association (1998). Lowi's works are primarily ideological exegesis. He has written numerous books, including ?The End of Liberalism,? "Democrats Return to Power: Politics and Policy in the Clinton Era" and ?The Pursuit of Justice,? which was co-authored with Robert F. Kennedy."
Abstract This paper is an outline of the Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP). OCAP is affiliated with anti-racism since it is a direct-action organization aimed at eradicating poverty.
Abstract This paper looks at the influence of Theodore Sizer on progressive education. He is the founder of the coalition of essential schools, a national network of innovative schools. Its central idea is that education works best when it does not impose a curricular framework foreign to the child, teaches for deeper understanding rather than shallow coverage, engages the child as co-worker and co-discoverer, and emphasizes projects and process rather than lectures and textbooks. Sizer is the most powerful advocate for this school of thought.
