Abstract
This paper discusses the differences in salaries of coaches of major college sports teams in big schools, coaches for major sports in small schools, and coaches for all other types of college sports teams. The author analyzes coaches' salaries across gender, race, and conference and argues that there is a need for change in pay inequity. He posits that the playing field should be more even in Division I football, and that the barriers that have kept minorities and females underrepresented in NCAA coaching ranks need to be removed. The essay concludes with a list suggested implementations for these proposed changes.

Outline:
Findings About Salaries
Across Gender
Across Race
By Conference
The Need for Change
Implementation

From the Paper
"There is a sharp divide in coach salaries in football. Division I is divided into two tiers. In the top tier are the teams in the major conferences. These conferences comprise the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) teams and, along with Notre Dame, account for the top 66 schools. The other conferences contain 54 schools. Division I football is the most lucrative coaching position in college athletics. The average salary is $1.232 million for 2008 (Coaches Hot Seat, 2008). The average coach for a BCS conference school (plus Notre Dame) is $1.874 million. Coaches in non-BCS conferences average $448,055.
"Attempting to analyze these numbers by gender and race is impossible due to insufficient information. There are no female coaches, and out of 119 schools there are only seven black head coaches, as of 2007 (Gray 2007). With 2008 salary numbers, and one coach no longer in his position (Karl Dorrell, ex-UCLA), black coaches average around $1.2 million. This does not appear incongruous given their respective experience and track records."

Tags:coaching ncaa football bcs race, female coaches

Abstract
This paper examines the impact of parents and coaches upon youth sport and recreational activity. According to the paper, a thoughtful and conscientious coach can inspire children to participate in future athletic activities while impressing upon his or her young charges all of the values that sports can teach. Additionally, the paper shows how thoughtful parents who care about children can teach many important values, such as teamwork, sportsmanship, commitment, discipline, respect for othersUnfortunately, it is also true that parents and coaches can turn athletics into a nightmare for children whilst serving as terrible role models for impressionable youth.

From the Paper
"Without question, parents and coaches have an enormous impact upon youth sport and upon recreational activity: a thoughtful and conscientious coach can inspire children to participate in future athletic activities while impressing upon his or her young charges all of the values that sports can teach; for their part, thoughtful parents who care about their children (and about other people's children) can teach children many important values - teamwork, sportsmanship, commitment, discipline, respect for others - that can best be taught through the rigours of athletic competition. Unfortunately, it is also true that parents and coaches can..."

Tags:sports, coaches, parents

Abstract
This paper argues that positive parental role models can encourage young men and women to grow as people because of their sporting experiences, to become more active in sports, and to see that athletic activities are about more than simply winning and losing. The paper also argues that coaches who genuinely care about their charges can boost the self-esteem levels of children and convince those under their care that there is something gratifying and meaningful about playing a team sport or an individual sport. The paper shows how young people who play sports - just like young people who involve themselves in any extra-curricular activity - are highly impressionable and psychologically vulnerable, and can easily be shaped for good or ill by the adults around them.

From the Paper
"Parents and coaches play vital roles in how much enjoyment children or youth will derive from participation in sports. To wit, if a parent is demanding, abusive or uninvolved, the psychological torment for the child can be considerable. In a related vein, if a young person has for a coach someone who is authoritarian, insensitive and irresponsible, the youngster will invariably suffer negative psychological effects - and may even decide that the sport in question is not for him or her. With all that in mind, the following paper will look at the psychological effects that..."

Tags:coaches, adults, sports

Abstract
This paper discusses the various forms of abuse by coaches toward students, which inlcude physical and verbal abuse as well as sexual harassment and assault. The paper is in the form of a report to the Canadian Education Ministry. According to the paper, all of these behaviors involve placing the relationship between the coach and athlete aside and are viewed as expedient means to the end. The paper further contends that coaches who engage in these behaviors are influenced by the violence they witness in athletes and in society. They also lack some of the basic elements of essential education and training which are required for a career in sport.

From the Paper
"Abuse by coaches assumes the forms of physical and verbal abuse as well as sexual harassment and assault. All of these behaviors involve placing the relationship between the coach and athlete aside and are viewed as expedient means to the end. Coaches who engage in these behaviors are influenced by the violence they witness in athletes and in the society. They also lack some of the basic elements of essential education and training which are required for a career in sport."

Tags:coach, abuse, athlete

Abstract
Examines perceptions of coaches. How these perceptions are influenced by winning and losing, and coaches' feedback patterns. Discusses the CBAS (Coaching Behavior Assessment System); how it is used to measure and understand social reinforcements given to athletes by coaches. Research findings. Motivation theory. Associatioin between outcomes and coaching behaviors. CBAS Chart.

From the Paper
"Introduction

This literature review will examine athletes perceptions of coaches and how those perceptions are influenced by winning and losing and coaches feedback patterns. The organization of the literature review focuses on the following topical areas: (1) athletes perceptions of coaches; (2) coaches feedback patterns; and (3) the effects of winning and losing on athletes perceptions of coaches.

Athletes Perceptions of Coaches
Smith, Smoll, and Hunt (1977) developed the Coaching Behavior Assessment System (CBAS) to measure and understand the social reinforcements provided by coaches to athletes and the effects of these reinforcements on the athletes and their performance. The general findings of research examining coaching behavior within ..."

Abstract
Identifies elements that should be addressed and who should conduct the evaluation. Discusses the roles of coaches in the secondary school environment and evaluation as a learning experience for the coach.

From the Paper
"The purpose of this brief report is to identify the elements that should be addressed in an evaluation of a secondary school football coach. Also important in this context is the identification of who should ..."

Abstract
This paper looks at the arguments that hiring a college coach to assist in the college application process is not worth the cost involved and that coaches provide an unfair advantage to the students that hire them. The paper then discusses the advantages of coaches, including the fact that they provide students with a clear organization for the future and plan of attack to gain the maximum experience even in high school, they have knowledge of the many colleges and what school will best fit their specific clients, and they can find the best financial arrangement for the parents. The paper therefore concludes that the financial, academic and college benefits that students retain from such a service far outweigh the initial investment this professional service demands.

From the Paper
"The process of completing applications and finding your dream school is often arduous and extremely exhausting. Few people truly know which school is right for them, and even more importantly how to get into that school once you've applied. For many high school seniors the process of completing the application system for colleges is done callously and with very little thought. This is not the right approach into getting into college, if a student truly wants to succeed in finding a place that will fit their personalities and at the same time be financially, academically and socially feasible. This is where college coaches come in. In the Denver community today, many are discussing the merits and drawbacks of hiring a college coach to "train" high school students about the college application process and to find the school of their dreams."

Tags:scholarships, experience, knowledge

From the Paper
"There is clearly a correlation between what it takes to be an effective manager of people in a work environment and that of a coach in an athletic environment. Many writers in both the business and sports fields have made note of this parallel between management and coaching. For example, Dr. T. F. Gautschi, business consultant and professor at Bryant College in Rhode Island, has pointed out that there is a similarity between the skills that are involved in management and those which are required for effective coaching. In Gautschi's opinion, managers can think of their role as being like that of coaches, and for this reason "sports analogies have direct applications to the business world". Likewise, Homer Rice, athletic director at Georgia Tech College, has claimed that coaching is "more related to the business area" than it is to ... "

Abstract
This paper explores the concept of life coaching, explaining that a life coach works to help clients see their potential and create their desired reality through goals. In consideration of goals and strategies, a life coach may incorporate into the sessions, the writer describes the importance of goals and strategies in coaching, along with the differences between them. The paper discusses various aspects of life coaching, noting that the coaching relationship may be open-ended and ongoing, or last for a predetermined, agreed-upon length of time. The paper concludes by emphasizing that ideally life coaching helps individuals begin or continue to make vital changes in their lives, better address new transitions, and effectively handle expected, as well as unexpected, challenges. This paper contains illustrative figures.

Outline:
The Goal
A Strategy
Thoughts Possess Power
Marianne Williamson
One Life Coach's Strategy
Inner Voice of Wisdom
The Point of No Return
Time
Desire for Change
Springboard for Ideas
Defining Moments
Ready for Challenges
References

From the Paper
"Louise L. Hay, one founder of the self-help movement, who currently manages Hay House, a successful publishing company, stresses that thoughts possess power. "Every thought I think is creating my future", Hay (N.d, About Louise section) contends. Hay believes and teaches that a person's beliefs and ideas about him/her self constitute the cause of his/her emotional problems, as well as contribute to physical maladies. Utilizing particular tools, Hay asserts can change a person's thinking, as well as his/her life for the better."

Tags:motivation, career, meaning, seek, self-help

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the significance of the article "The Four Phases of Learning" which discusses coaching and the phases in which learning occurs, phases which are said to be important for coaches to know. This paper addresses the importance and significance of this article for management.

From the Paper
"In their discussion of management and training Steelman Levy and Snell state that managers are increasingly being held accountable for providing resources that support employee development particularly in the form of feedback and coaching. To support managers as trainers and coaches organizations must provide managers with the tools they need to succeed in this area. This paper discusses the significance of the article 'The Four Phases of Learning' ..."

Tags:learning, student, managers, coaching, coaches, learning