Abstract
This paper looks at a "Journal of Marriage and Family" article, 'Post-Divorce Father-Adolescent Closeness', which reports a study by Scott, Booth, King and Johnson that takes a long-term developmental approach to understanding stability and change in the post-divorce closeness of the relationship between father and adolescent. The paper points out that the study was based on a nationally representative survey of high school and middle school students in the United States called the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. The paper concludes that the study confirms the importance of father-child closeness especially for a positive outcome after divorce.

Table of Contents:
What is This Study Explaining?
Methodology
Is the Study Worthwhile?

From the Paper
"Historically fathers' involvement with children has increased in recent decades; mothers continue to do the majority of child care. Mothers tend to be more temporally and emotionally involved with their children than fathers. Few fathers share the primary parenting role with mothers. Another trend is an increase in the awarding of joint legal and more rarely, physical custody to the father. Legal and physical custody arrangements in the divorce decree often do not match the reality of what happens or where children actually wind up living."

Tags:long-term, stability, custody, interdependence, model

Abstract
This paper consists of a brief biography of the man including his education and predisposition to prints. Next, the general area of printmaking is covered, segueing into Chuck Close's techniques which were innovative. There is also a section on the collaborative process as it pertains to printmaking and then specifically Close's. Last, specfic prints are selected and the technique used for the desired effect is explored.

From the Paper
"One of the world's leading artists, Chuck Close's art focuses on portraits of himself and his friends and family, often produced on a large scale. His achievements in photography and painting were well established by the 1960's, but it was not until 1972 that he undertook the printmaking. It is his talent as a printmaker that is the subject of this paper.
"Brief Biography and Description of Art: Born in 1940, Close's father was an unsuccessful inventor and his mother a trained musician. As a boy he suffered from poor health and learning..."

Tags:printmaking, chuck, close

Abstract
This paper is based on the short story, "So Much Water, So Close to Home," from the book, "Where I'm Calling From," by Raymond Carver. The paper discusses Mrs. Kanes discovery of Stuarts lack of compassion. It gives examples from the book of times when Stuart acted without compassion, and how Mrs. Kane dealt with his actions.

From the paper:

"In 'So Much Water, So Close to Home' the main character, Mrs. Kane, uses the tragedy of the her husband's discovery to learn that Stuart lacks the ability to show human compassion by his downgrading the discovery to 'nothingness' and that unless he changes or she begins to act now, she will be drug down with him and end up not much better than the girl found floating in the water."

Tags:calling, carver, close, home, much, short, so, story, water

Abstract
This paper discusses closed-end mutual funds. It looks at why most investors involved with mutual funds opt for open-end funds for investments. It describes the many types of mutual funds and contends that in contrast with an open-end mutual funds, a so-called closed-end mutual fund is not a mutual fund at all.

From the Paper
"The pricing of securities in the financial markets is, in theory, based on the function of the efficient markets hypothesis. The efficient markets hypothesis among other things assumes that all investor always act rationally in relation ..."

Tags:Mutual, Funds, Closed-End, Open-End, Efficient, markets

Abstract
The paper explains the basic distinction between open and closed belief systems; one type of belief system embraces new ideas and new means of approaching matters while the other type of belief system rejects this. However, the paper discusses the essential differences between the types of people who may be called 'closed-minded' versus those who may be described as 'open-minded'. Specifically, the paper explains that people with closed-belief systems tend to be dogmatic and troubled by high anxiety; by contrast, those who are more open-minded are not plagued by dogmatism and are not as anxious. The paper examines the literature and relates that it does not appear to support the notion that some groups in society are more likely than other groups to be prone to closed-minded thinking. Additionally, the paper argues that individuals who are at a lower stage in their moral development are often more susceptible to falling victim to closed-thinking than those who are more evolved in this regard. Finally, the paper looks at the communication problems which arise from closed belief systems and the cognitive processing difficulties which arise when someone is either too close-minded or too open-minded. The paper concludes that thinking clearly involves following a middle path between the two extremes.

From the Paper
"The following paper will look at open and closed belief systems and discuss the differences between them. Naturally, the basic distinction between the two - one type of belief system embraces new ideas and new means of approaching matters while the other type of belief system rejects this - is easy enough to discern. However, the next several pages will discuss the essential differences between the types of people who may be called `closed-minded' versus those who may be described as `open-minded'. Specifically, people with closed-belief systems tend to be dogmatic and troubled by high anxiety; by contrast, those who are more open-minded are..."

Tags:scientific, reasoning, minds

Abstract
This paper is a research proposal that is broken down into seven sections. The proposal is based on Washington state having to close schools because of recent budget cuts and financial woes within the state. The purpose of the study is to examine the proposal to close small schools and integrate them into larger ones within a close vicinity. It discusses the impact large classrooms can have on a student and the impact large schools can have on students. The paper contains a table for visual representation of the information. Its main thesis is that small schools have been proven to be more effective and beneficial for each individual child.

Outline:
Research proposal
Statement of of problem
Purpose of study
Significance of study
Methodology
Literature review
Findings of the literature review
Recommendations

From the Paper
"The work of Trevor Cobbold (2005) entitled: "The Interaction of School Size and Socio-Economic Status on Student Performance" states that there is a great deal of research regarding the impact that school size has on achievement of students and findings generally relate that students in small schools perform better than do students in larger schools. It is also related by Cobbold (2005) that the greatest part of the research tends to ignore the idea that the size of the school may be causative in the different outcomes for students and particularly those from diverse backgrounds. New research studies demonstrate that small school size is "...unambiguously good for students from socio-economic status (SES) backgrounds and communities with relatively high levels of disadvantage. Student from low SES backgrounds achieve better results in smaller schools." (Cobbold, 2005)"

Tags:washington, schools, economics, budget cuts

Abstract
This paper discusses the problems surrounding a prison closing. Questions answered are: What are some reasons for a prison to close; what effects will a prison closure have on staff, inmates, and community; and what are some positive and negative aspects associated with a prison closing.

From the Paper
"Prisons are a hot topic of debate in communities everywhere. One side welcomes them as a source of employment and local income while the other side chants "not in our back yard." One side believes that due to prison overcrowding, more prisons should be built. The other side argues for release programs for non-violent offenders and recommends closing prisons in favor of community-based treatment programs (Segall 1A). However, prison closings have a very real effect on communities, both inside and outside the prison walls."

Tags:corrections, facility, prison, jail, inmates, crime, law, federal

Abstract
The paper is written in two parts; a grammatical analysis of Tolkien's, "The Silmarillion," and a close read and critical analysis of Tolkien's, "The Silmarillion." In the grammatical analysis portion of the paper, Tolkien's use of grammar, semantics, and rhetorical use of words and phrases is discussed. The paper also discusses the way Tolkien uses appositions to help enforce the solidarity of the information he is providing and that Tolkien tells his story in chronological order. Additionally, the paper analyzes the way Tolkien often uses archaic language in this text and how some would consider Tolkien's language to be dated. In the close read and critical analysis portion of the paper, "The Silmarillion" is described as a story that is not ordinary because it is a collection of stories. The paper describes how the book is divided into three parts; the Ainulindale and the Valaquenta, the Quenta Silmarillion and the Akallabeth.

Table of Contents:
Grammatical Analysis
Close Reading/Critical Analysis
Works Cited

From the Paper
"Tolkien's use of grammar, semantics, and rhetorical use of words and phrases deliberately sets a tone in this work. He uses the grammar to construct a tone that rhetorically directs the audience to think of the writing that is done in history books as well as the Biblical style of writing. He establishes a factual basis in his narrative by his use of appositions, description of time, archaic and dated language, and being verbs in conjunction with the switching of tense."

Tags:semantics, rhetorical, words, phrases

Abstract
This paper discusses the respective benefits of open and closed source software from a cost-effectiveness perspective for the RMIT University. The paper describes the background of the problem, a brief overview of open and closed source applications, and presents a discussion of their advantages and disadvantages. An analysis of the findings is followed by a summary of the research and recommendations for the university in the conclusion.

Introduction
Background and Overview
Open Source Applications
Closed Source Applications
Analysis
Conclusions and Recommendations

From the Paper
"Open source software can be purchased for little or no cost, and future upgrades are also obtainable free of charge (Wayner, 2000; Lopez, 2004). Rechtman points out that open-source applications such as Gnumeric, an Excel-like spreadsheet, or Ximian, a desktop organizer that combines features of Palm OS and Microsoft Outlook, cost virtually nothing to install. "In fact," he says, "they are freely available for download from the Internet" (p. 67). According to Kim, educators in particular stand to gain from open source alternatives. "More importantly," she adds, "they may also find a new and improved way to teach" (emphasis added) (p. 15). This was also the finding of Cowpland who reports that a partnership between Corel and three academic institutions in the Ottawa area resulted in the development of pilot programs using Corel LINUX OS and WordPerfect 8 for Linux: "While the project is just finishing its first year, administrators have noticed an increase in the desire of their students to continue pursuing computer technology in upper years. They anticipate rolling out the program on a potentially wider scale for next year" (p. 62)."

Tags:novell, nos, microsoft, operation, systems, microsoft, office, software, platform, lan

Abstract
A close reading of a passage is different than analyzing a portion of text, yet it is similar in many ways. "The candles dropped hot, acrid gouts of wax on my bare shoulders. I watched with my furious cynicism peculiar to women whom circumstances force mutely to witness folly, while my father, fired in his desperation by more and yet more draughts of the fire water they call "grappa", rids himself of the last scraps of my inheritance. When we left Russia, we owned black earth, blue forest with bear and wild boar, serfs, cornfields, farmyards, my beloved horses, white nights of cool summer, the fireworks of the northern lights. What a burden all those possessions must have been to him, because he laughs as if with glee as he beggars himself; he is in such a passion to donate all to The Beast." This paper does a close reading of the above text. It discusses punctuation, diction, features of sound, sentence types, and the sense the speaker gives to the passage.