Abstract This paper provides a reflection on Su Shi's famous lyrical poem concerning the Red Cliff, and a mystical experience the author had there, with Daoist symbolism that may not be apparent immediately. The writer offers some discussion of the poet's life, and discusses what is implied by the poem's reference to an epic battle of the Three Kingdoms period. The writer explains that in Daoist view, the world is always changing, yet always the same, and one must go forwards, all the same.
From the Paper "Su Shi (1037-1101), known as scholar Su Dongpo, is considered the greatest of the Song dynasty authors, remembered for both classical and lyrical piece. He was most gifted in his ability to approach a large or formal subject and find within it something of pertinence to the reader's sensibility. For this reason, his poetry can appear unique and fresh to contemporary readers. Song classical poetry was meant for the educated classes, it lyrical works more popular contributions, but often including the classical tradition's fondness for reflective, philosophical pieces."
Abstract This paper discusses the urban cliff revolution and is divided into three questions. The first question relates to the hypothesis itself. The second question relates to the perspectives that the hypothesis provides. The final section looks at the benefits of the hypothesis.
From the Paper "The relationships between the natural world and human built structures have always been controversial. Many researchers believe that human built structures are somehow separate from the rest of nature and ecosystems in particular. It's like nature stops where human settlements begin. Others have argued that human built structures and settlements are as big a part of nature as any other environment. In fact many of these researches argue that human settlements such as cities are fully functional ecosystems like forests, lakes or deserts. In The Urban Cliff Revolution Douglas Larson et al provide a unique hypothesis about urban environments."
Abstract This paper reviews Michelle Cliff's novel "No Telephone to Heaven" in which she explores the lives of the alienated and the disenfranchised in Jamaica, England, and the United States. The paper explains how the book portrays a life of hunger, violence, racism, disease, poverty and shows how these afflictions affect the lives of those who suffer them.
From the Paper "Here we have an encapsulation of Cliff's entire work -- the importance of the land, the history connecting generations, the geography of the shells representing the origins of life in Jamaica, the dangerous enemy ready to strike, and the book used as a weapon to kill that enemy. Affliction marks the passage (spiders, rats, scorpions, rot), but Clare emerges victorious as she uses a "rat-bitten book" to smash the scorpion."
Abstract This paper looks at how Michelle Cliff's "No Telephone to Heaven" takes the truism that human beings tend to seek or derive a sense of identity from family, race, peer group recognition, nationality, and the social strictures of the world at large and applies it to the struggle of a young Jamaican woman, Clare Savage. It discusses how, by virtue of her skin color, education and experience of living in the United States and England, she is caught between three different worlds as she searches for her sense of identity. It shows how, ultimately, the novel's main message is to demonstrate that, though nationality, race, family, sex, social class and education are strong influencing factors on an individual's identity, a true sense of self and identity can only really be formed through a process of self-discovery and development achieved through gaining knowledge and acceptance of the truth.
From the Paper "Michelle Cliff uses Clare's search for her identity to trace parallels to Jamaica's search for its own identity and to comment on the effects of colonization on the colonized. For one, the difference created between "black Jamaica" and ?white Jamaica,? is in itself a deterrent to any forming of a national identity. It is here that interesting parallels can be drawn between Clare and the island itself. Clare is motherless and infertile. So is Jamaica. Jamaica does not have a mother (England is too different) and cannot be a mother itself as it is so torn within itself with too many different influences preventing the formation of a concrete national identity (Western Michigan University Web site)."
Abstract This paper explains that the Egyptian language is one of the first languages to be put into written form by using hieroglyphics, a system that used symbolic pictures. The author points out that the ancient writing systems of Mesoamerica can be traced back to the cliff paintings by North American Indians in the desert Southwest. These are known as petroglyphs because they are written on stone. The paper relates that the Mayan languages were lost due to the European invasions, and early Egyptian writing was absorbed into Coptic and replaced by Arabic.
Table of Contents
Egyptian Writing
Mesoamerica (MAYA)
Development of scripts. Egyptian
Development of Scripts. Mayan
Why Are Those Two Written Languages Not in Use Anymore?
Conclusion
From the Paper "Recently, Egyptian writing dating to 3,300 B.C. has been discovered. A German archaeologist has claimed that he has found what could be the earliest known human writing - records of linen and oil deliveries made about 5,300 years ago during the reign of a King named Scorpion in Southern Egypt. The discovery throws open for debate a widely held belief among historians that the first people to write were the Sumerians of the Mesopotamian civilization sometime before 3,000 B.C.."
Abstract This paper examines how Michelle Cliff's novel "Abeng", about Jamaica, lights the pathway to self-discovery through characters such as Clare and makes the pathway brighter through characters like Zoe. It looks at how on the pathway to self-discovery, with the help of family, Zoe and society, Clare is able to grasp a better understanding of who she is and how Zoe is able to see more clearly what sets her apart from her own people and walks away understanding who she is and who she is to become.
From the Paper "In the Jamaican society people are classified by color, race, gender, class, and even language. Race serves as another identity crisis for Clare because she does not know if she is considered black or white by other people in Jamaica. She comes to find that her father is superior to her mother because he is both male and light-skinned where her mother is female and dark-skinned. She sees that she is classified by race because she becomes her father's daughter, because he, like her is light skinned. Clare's sister is considered her mother's daughter because she, like her, is dark skinned. This challenges Clare's interior identity."
Abstract This paper studies "Crimes and Misdemeanors" and tells the story of the two main characters - Judah Rosenthal and Cliff Stern. Judah is a seemingly happy and successful man until a moral situation rises with his mistress and everything changes. Cliff is unsuccessful and unhappy and also engages in an affair which changes his life. It concludes that the evil wins and good loses, with Judah being the evil man and Cliff the good man.
From the Paper ""Crimes and Misdemeanors" deals with the moral struggles of two characters. Each of the characters is an opposite, with one being seen as good and the other as evil. However, by considering the situation in relation to Sarte's ideas on existentialism the nature of the situation can be understood in a new way. "Crimes and Misdemeanors" revolves around the moral struggle of two men. The first is Judah Rosenthal, a man who appears both successful and happy. He appears to be happily married as well as having a mistress, Delores. His moral decision is based on Delores, who threatens to tell his wife about the affair and also tell of his financial crimes. Judah acts by killing his mistress and his coming to terms with this decision is the moral struggle that continues throughout the movie. The second plot is the story of Cliff Stern, a man who is generally considered as unsuccessful. He is pushed by his wife into making a documentary about her brother, whom he loathes. In making the documentary, he meets Halley Reed. The story continues as he faces his moral dilemma of having an affair with Halley and we see the demise of his marriage."
Abstract This paper closely analyzes the erotic and eco-feminist aspects of two works by Ursula LeGuin and Michelle Cliff. This paper is highly analytical, employs points of post-colonial theory and revels in the idea of women as supreme. The works addressed are Cliff's "Abeng" and LeGuin's, "She Unnames Them and Other Selected Works".
From the Paper "Eco-feminist theory is an extension of the politically charged feminist movement, which combines gender and race oppression with the subjugation of the natural world. According to this theory, the female gender is interconnected with the surrounding world. Thus, gender appropriate terminology emerges, such as 'mother nature' and 'mother earth,' in order to solidify the female's attachment to her natural surroundings. In Michelle Cliff's novel Abeng, female protagonist Clare Savage is burdened with the inability to experience a sense of 'oneness,' or what Audre Lorde calls "the erotic" with her Jamaican homeland and family members. Lorde describes the erotic as "a resource within each of us that lies in a deeply female and spiritual plane, firmly rooted in the power of our unexpressed or unrecognized feeling" (Lorde 103). It is necessary to understand this novel from an eco-feminist view so that the theory can be used as a scope or lens when approaching works that are classically labeled, 'feminist' or in this case, 'eco-feminist works.'"
Abstract This paper describes the daily operation process of the Miami facility of Cliff Berry Inc., hazardous waste disposal firm. The paper describes the facility, its waste disposal processes and also explains the firm's specialization in oil waste treatment and disposal. The paper also describes Cliff Berry's waste water management system and relates the challenges that they face, such as is the development of new technologies, the criticism of the hazardous waste disposal industry, the threat of new competition and regulatory issues on federal, state and county levels.
Outline:
Introduction
The Facility and Its Operations
Customers
Challenges
Major Regulatory Issues
Plans for the Future
References
From the Paper "The primary sources of waste at the Miami plant of Cliff Berry are the ships that ply the waters around South Florida. The area is home to two major cruise ship hubs at Miami and Fort Lauderdale, as well as two major container ports, the Port of Miami and Port Everglades. Oily bilge water from these ships is processed through this plant. They also service other major area hubs such as Tampa and Cape Canaveral. They work with all the major cruise lines that operate in South Florida."
Abstract This paper takes an in-depth look at one of Colorado's most interesting cities, Manitou Springs. The author discusses the history of the city, early explorers and denizens, and the ancient rock formations which makes Manitou Springs a tremendous tourist attraction. The paper looks at such Manitou sights as Pike Peaks, Garden of the Gods, and the Dawson formation.
From the Paper:
"Besides being home to a number of top-notch, countrywide renowned historic restaurants, as well as many desired locality eateries, Manitou Springs has a broad range of first class lodgings: an historic hotel, many exclusive Victorian bed& breakfasts, traditional motels, warm boutique motels quality motor inns, cabins by Fountain Creek, and secluded wooded campgrounds. What makes Manitou Springs the most absolute Colorado experience is the lure of the surrounding of the city. You can reach to the top of the Pike Peaks through the Manitou and Pikes railway station which has the elevation of 14,110. The Cave of the winds, will lead to the vivid pits of Colorado but very soon you will be back in time by the majestic view of Miromont Castle and the Cliff Dwellings Museum. "
Abstract An analysis of Matthew Arnold's poem " Dover Beach". The author discusses the writer's use of symbolism and the effectiveness of the writer's style of alluding to other works.
From the paper:
"Matthew Arnold's "Dover Beach" (Arnold 397) is a thirty-seven line, five-stanza poem first published in 1867. In "Dover Beach" the speaker looks out over the cliffs of Dover and laments about the sadness of humanity and humanity's loss of faith. I believe "Dover Beach" is a poem that uses allusion extensively and heavily draws on other works to fully explain the loss of faith that the speaker sees in the world."
Abstract The author analyzes the diet and exercise program in the book "Lean Bodies." It looks what kind of food you are allowed to eat and in what quantities. The theory behind the diet's makeup is also discussed. The author's grandmother followed the diet, and her progress is documented in order to support the author's theory that this is a safe, easy and healthy eating plan that a person can follow for life.
From the Paper "This calorie spread will change your biochemistry to burn bodyfat. By eating frequent meals, your metabolism is constantly charged up. Principal three: Choose metabolic-activating foods. Cliff Sheats classifies foods into four groups: lean proteins, starchy carbohydrates, lean fibrous vegetables, and essential fatty acids. Under this principle, your daily food intake should be 25% protein, 65% carbohydrate, and 10% fat. Principal four: Program a moderate aerobic exercise. Exercise has a dramatic impact on metabolism increase if you are eating enough calories to support your extra energy requirements. An aerobic activity several times a week that lasts 45-60 minuets each session is suggested."
Analyzes social formation of 12-year-old Jamaican protagonist in context of systems theory, life-span development & Mahler's separation-individuation process.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 23 sources, 1996, $ 87.95
From the Paper "Everyone is born into a social environment which dramatically helps to shape the personalities which they develop, the status which they achieve and the cultural influences which they reflect within their daily behavior. In Abeng (1984) Michelle Cliff presents a compelling portrait of Clare Savage who is seen as a twelve-year old, light-skinned Jamaican girl. Cliff wrote Abeng after she composed No Telephone to Heaven as a kind of literary prequel to show how it was that Clare developed into the kind of woman she is revealed to be in No Telephone to Heaven. Using Abeng as a focal point of reference, the social formation of Clare Savage will be analzyed against a grid of recent social development theories inclusive of systems theory, life-span development, and Mahler's Separation-Individuation..."
An examination of the racial and gender issues in works by Alice Walker ("The Color Purple"), Tsitsi Dangarembga ("Nervous Conditions"), Avey Johnson ("Praisesong for the Widow"), Gayl Jones ("Corregidora") and Michelle Cliff ("Abeng").
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 14 sources, 2000, $ 135.95
From the Paper " More than any other category of authors, black women writers have a mission: to describe the double challenges of race and gender for general audiences. The mission is critical because, even in today's inclusionary nonfiction environment, the full story of racism and sexism is rarely told. On most levels, all that is offered is a sanitized version. The reader learns that blacks and women struggled, but is often left to conclude that the struggle was little different from the challenges that face members of mainstream society.
Racism and sexism are pervasive, oppressive, and dehumanizing. In the following works of fiction, black women authors bear witness of their struggle for emancipation. The evidence they give is uncensored; it will not be found in any history books because it shames those elements of society who..."
Abstract This paper analyzes Cantos 18 through 23 from Dante's Inferno. Canto 18 of Dante's Inferno describes the eighth circle of hell. This circle is surrounded by ten concentric rounds surrounded by grey stony peaks and cliffs. There is a big pit in the center of the rounds, and bridges connecting the rounds, so that it all looks like the spokes of a wheel with a hollow pit in the center of it all.
