Abstract
This paper looks at the two forms of meaning found within cliches that deal with aspects of the body or the human being, where addressing components of the phrase and the origins of the phrase will demonstrate the etymology of a given cliche. This process is applied to selected phrases that have passed into common use, and where the true origins of the phrase are no longer viewed in connection with the phrase itself. Three commonly used phrases - the battle of the bulge, dead wood, and devil's advocate -are used to express the truth found within the cliche itself and within its historical origins.

Abstract
This essay,entitled "Oedipus the King" tries to take a fresh look at this play which has become one of the most oversimplified and cliched of all works of literature, considering it from the perspective a member of the Chorus of Theban Elders who approach their great king in a time of crisis only to find that in his inflexibility, he cannot help them but in the end succeeds only in bring terrible tragedy upon himself and the entire city.

From the Paper
OEDIPUS THE KING One of the difficulties with Sophocles' tragedy Oedipus the King is that we have become so familiar with the story, so familiar with the Freudian complex, that we have forgotten the original drama, and how much mystery must have unfolded before the audience that saw the drama for the first time. Further, in our modernity, we tend to be fixated by our views of fatalism and fate. This creates a tendency to reduce the entire drama to a crude idea of Oedipus as a puppet, buffeted about by controlling forces, crushed for no good reason. Such a simplistic reading of the play is reduces it

Tags:oedipus, sophocles, fate

Abstract
This paper describes the photography of Man Ray, describing both his spirit of innovation and his enormous talent for the photographic medium. The paper discusses Ray's early career, his interest in photography, his work in New York and Paris, his surrealist and Dadaist works and his influence on the mainstream (and often upper class) dress fashions of the late 1930s.

From the Paper
"Ray's interest in photography grew stronger in the 1920s. He showed a masterful control of camera and dark room skills, but he was most notably an innovator. He helped re-instate the cliche-verre method of making direct photographic reproductions of drawings on glass. He used a variety of methods to produce photographic images without using a camera by "placing translucent objects on sensitized paper, adjusting lights at various angles, moving objects and/or lights above and across the paper, and at times actually immersing objects in the developer during exposure." [Perpetual, p. 27] If photography was machine-art, then Ray's photographs without a camera were even harder to categorize, an unidentifiable realm of artistic mystery. Although not entirely of his own invention, Ray's experimentation with these forms of exposure led to a liberation in the modernist's way of interpreting reality."

Tags:artistic, revolutions, fashion, design, houses, marcel, duchamp, dark, room, skills, cliche-verre, method

Abstract
The following paper defines "classic" as of enduring interest, quality or style; traditional or typical; a traditional or typical event. This applies when considering historical events and writing that can be compared and contrasted to what has happened since and currently. The writer makes reference to a well-known cliche that people are doomed to repeat history they do not understand. This is based on the fact that in the human condition, certain situations are recurring themes. The latter is the focus of this paper. The writer contends that an understanding of the past is integral to improving and furthering society of the future. Simply, we can review events, literature and opinions of the past, compare them with what has happened recently or what is happening now, say "This is like that", and learn from those who have gone before. This paper makes reference to both blacks and women who have experienced exclusion and discounting of their sociological positions based solely on either their color or gender, regardless of the "rationality" of their arguments, which carries on until today. Thus the well-known cliche that people are doomed to repeat history is well-supported in this writer's argument.

From the Paper
"In readings of the oppressors and the oppressed, a recurring theme can be noted: it is integral that the "oppressed" be seen as something "other", or outside the same rights and protections that are afforded to those in power. Those in power attempt to make a rationale for denying oppressed people equal rights by assumption or argument that they are less than "people". If we take this concept and apply it to the United States prior to the Civil War, we can see that there were two large groups of people who were seen as "the other": slaves and women.The founding documents of the United States were phrased in terms that were very familiar to the people of the time; there was no doubt that the "equality" promised was to be equality amongst white, male landowners. Although the revolution in the United States was groundbreaking and socially shocking for its time " something like colonists revolting against their mother country because of the lack of representation and denial of personal and property rights had never been done before " it also contained a perpetuation of certain social rights and economic benefits assumed to be only due to white males in the world at the time."

Tags:identifiable, significant, windows, human, condition, strive, freedom, liberty, oppressing, clich?, understanding, past, integral, improving, furthering, society, future

Abstract
One of the key aspects to being a good manager is being a good decision maker and a good facilitator of decision making between others. However, although this statement may seem to be a cliche, like so many cliches about demonstrating strong leadership and business acumen, it bears a certain level of scrutiny when put into real world terms. This paper asks what happens when one must negotiate and mediate in the real world. It shows that, in these cases, there are two dominant paradigms every business manager must take into consideration, namely, what is economically feasible and good business sense, and what is ethically coherent with the company's philosophy and American law. This paper applies two available decision making models that satisfy both of these aspects, the rational actor decision-making model and the organizational processes decision-making model.

From the Paper
"In other words, quite often decision making in the work force cannot presume that all conflicts have a rational basis, or that all mediate decisions made thus can simply regard the quantitative and qualitative data that may be at the roots of a particular conflict. Decisions may ideally come from identifying relevant criteria, cause and effect beliefs, and different evaluations of proposed alternatives. However, if even from a purely rational basis conflict may result in all three areas, when conflicts in the workplace assume because of long-standing tensions, human resource management becomes even more difficult in achieving decisions that are mutually amicable for all parties."

Tags:employee, conflict

Abstract
In this essay the writer claims that the concept of a higher education and a university diploma is one that has been heavily idealized. The writer points out that many students that have already experienced university, either associate the experience with tired cliche or bitter disappointment. Further, the writer maintains that it is this negative reaction that Caroline Bird is trying to understand in her cynically but appropriately titled essay, College is a Waste of Time and Money'.

From the Paper
"Everyone has certain aspirations for their future, whether it is their ideal career or finding true love. What we hope and dream something to be is very different in reality."

Tags:college, waste, bird

Abstract
The old cliche claims that if it is too good to be true, it usually is. Investors and speculators- reputable international banks, brokerages, real estate manipulators and arbitrage professionals, rushed to the new open markets in Southeast Asia. The paper shows that the governments there were eager for investment, but they had little or no regulatory controls in place. The stock markets in Thailand and Manila, in Singapore and Hong Kong went through the roof, only to crash and leave countless people owing billions of dollars, and the economies of many nations in Southeast Asia in tatters. The paper examines the causes of the crash and its influence on the U.S. economy.

Paper Outline:
Introduction
Its Causes
The Derivatives Fiasco
United States Actions and Reactions
Consequences of the Crisis
What Asian Governments are Doing
Effects of the Crisis on the U.S. Economy
Some Final Thoughts
References

From the Paper
"The global position of the United States declined by roughly $25 billion (as, incidentally, did Western Europe's). This implies that, for the United States, it adds nearly $60 billion to the trade deficit - and even more in real terms (relevant to production and employment). Most of this deficit is due to the low valuation of South Korean and Japanese currency, prompting more imports into the United States. Deficits with Japan will increase by roughly $25 billion, and with South Korea, will increase about $10 billion. That means, Japan's surplus will increase more than $80 billion, all because of the Asian financial turmoil."

Tags:FSLIC, liabilities, Clinton, Administration, World, Bank

Abstract
The vast majority of public discourse about Iraq is still framed within the domestic political debate about the efficacy of the operation. However, the faults and opportunities of Operation Iraqi Freedom as a foreign policy analyzed within the international context are equally important, but sorely under-publicized. This paper shows that the 'pottery barn example', "you break it, you own it," is at once an antiquated cliche and a painful truth with respect to the US obligation to Iraq. The paper argues that, with that understanding, the object must then be to salvage the US reputation abroad by often painful means and to establish a quasi-independent Iraqi state.

From the Paper
"Operation Iraqi Freedom has proven to much more difficult than originally estimated. The deliberation about the justification for the invasion can no longer be perceived as a matter of public discourse because the invasion is now a subject of history and the occupation of Iraq is currently the challenge facing the United States (US). Hence, expending effort to continue criticism or support for the operation is futile. The reality of the situation necessitates that a solution be implemented that will suffice the needs of the Iraqi state and establish the strategic significance of the operation."

Tags:bush, doctrine, locke, machiavelli, powell, rumsfeld, terrorism

Abstract
David Hume was an undeniably brilliant philosopher who, at times, suffered in his writing the inability to adequately express his actual philosophy and thoughts. One of his most stunning arguments was, in actuality, a refutation of the Skeptics, a movement started in great part by Descartes, who attempted to convince Aristotelian philosophers that our experiences with the world are based solely upon our senses and, as such, our senses and thus our perception of the world and reality can be deceived. Therefore, the skeptic encourages us to question the validity of trusting only our senses for our knowledge of the world. While Descartes' and the other Skeptics' arguments were and continue to be the stuff of philosophical cliche (the "prove you exist" argument) the truth is that, as David Hume points out, there is no real point in pondering whether or not we actually exist. The fact of this futility is proven in the very real problem in that if we assume that the universe is the individual creation of just the "I", then the very same person is also taking on the role of God, which, according to Hume and others like him, is an impossibility. The ultimate end of the Skeptics argument, if you follow it to its logical conclusion, is that it is possible that all of us are the creation of some one person's imagination and that, as such, our existence is subject to the whims of one person's perception of reality and the self. Hume's argument, that such skeptical investigations of reality and the actuality of the self is pointless, is one which has a great deal of validity. But, there are counter arguments to his counter-argument, and in the interests of a full academic exploration of his philosophy, it is necessary to explore some of those arguments. It is the purpose of this paper, then, to examine three problems found in Hume's argument and to demonstrate that the exploration of reality from a skeptical point of view is nothing more than an exercise of thought, one that can ultimately only lead lead to psychological diagnoses of breaks in sanity rather than a treatise on our actual reality.

Abstract
The paper argues against the cliche that contemporary music is without lasting significance. It shows that contemporary music is made up of a multitude of facets, including jazz, country-western and rock and roll. The paper discusses what constitutes good contemporary music, from its style to the source from which it springs. The paper also explores how one judges the cultural strength of a particular style of contemporary music. Finally, the paper looks at the inventive side of contemporary music, such as the use of instruments and lyrics.

From the Paper
"A good example of contemporary music that served our culture well were the anthems and songs sung on 9/11/2001. A few songs were chosen again and again at ceremonies, gatherings, commemorations and fundraisers, and these songs had an even greater impact than the American flags that were waved in so many towns, in so many homes across the country. Although we have a national anthem, and a beautiful one, simpler songs often won the day. "God Bless America" could not be more homespun in its words and simple melody. Like a poem of the people, it inspires and reverberates through the cultural fabric. Another song that was almost always performed was "America the Beautiful." The melody is simple and memorable, the words evoke the majesty and myth that is America her spacious skies, her amber waves of grain and the song inspires emotions that very few Americans can resist."

Tags:composers, singers, tribal, percussion, rhythm, Bob, Dylan, ballad, NEO