Abstract
This paper reflects on the writings of Lorrie Moore and James Thurber, not only as 20th century American writers, but as comedic writers who consistently return to the theme of gender politics.

From the Paper
"In the stories "The Catbird Seat" by Thurber and "You're Ugly, Too" by Moore, each author explores what Thurber called "the war of the sexes". Though both stories are very different-- Thurber's illustrates a man's struggle with a woman in his workplace while Moore's is a narrative of a woman's thoughts towards male-female relationships in several areas, including work-- both authors effectively use humor to drive their stories and help the reader identify with the characters. Further, both stories are told from different perspectives and influenced by different societies. Nevertheless, at their hearts, "The Catbird Seat" and "You're Ugly, Too" are two stories about the essential differences between men and women."

Tags:catbird, james, lorrie, men, moore, politics, seat, thurber, too, ugly

Abstract
It provides a brief overview of these differences from earliest settlement through the ante-bellum. What are the effects of the cold war in US politics? And how do they affect society on a social level?This three-page paper is on "What are the effects of the cold war in US politics? And how do they affect society on a social level?"

Abstract
This paper responds to the prompt, "Design a proposal, for a person of substantial wealth, desiring to create a new political party / movement that would enjoy some initial success and have the possibility for long-term growth." Where would the new party fit in the existing array of parties and movements? How does the electoral system and institutional form of government (presidential, parliamentary, etc.) affect the start-up strategy? What should its ideological-programmatic emphasis be? Is there a particular regional base or demographic niche that would favor the party? What other parties might be good options to form a coalition?? In this way, the paper should be easily adapted for any analysis of Nigeria.

From the Paper
"Resentment of Northern radicalism will strengthen the Crusaders. Already, the Northern People's Democratic Party has successfully pushed for the implementation of sharia in nineteen Northern states. If successful, the Crusaders will improve Nigeria's party system. Presently, Nigeria has three major parties, one for each ethnic group, a result that is atypical of presidential systems, which are typically characterized by two-party systems."

Tags:comparative, fulani, hausa, igbo, parties, party, political, politics, systems, yoruba

Abstract
The British government has been intimately and disastrously involved in Ireland for centuries. This paper examines the divisions between Roman Catholics and Protestants that culminated in the division of the island into two separate political entities. It commences with the Act of Union (1801) that united Ireland and Great Britain and concludes with partition, political formalization of the cleavages, in the twentieth century.

Tags:divisions, in, ireland

Abstract
Two elemental texts on class by Mao are considered and compared to J B Starr's analysis of Mao's concepts of class. Additionally the actual class structure of contemporary China is also compared to Mao's analysis.

Abstract
In this article, the writer provides a critical review of Amy Chua's "World on Fire", which deals with the impact of globalization on ethnic cleavage and inter-ethnic murder. The writer notes that this work fails to take account of the structural inequalities embedded into free-market capitalism as an explanation for inter-ethnic rivalries and murder in developing countries.

From the Paper
"The basic plan of Chua's book is to supply multiple examples from around the world of reasons that globalization as an economic free-market hegemony is not suited to the political and social dynamics of emerging nations at least not to the extent that it may be so suited for the industrialized democracies of the world. Indeed Chua argues even or especially those in Third World countries who clamor for democracy in their nondemocratic societies do not envision the kind of governance or social dynamic that is typical of the ..."

Tags:globalization, Chua, interethnic murder, ethnic cleavage, capitalism, social justice

Abstract
This paper looks at various features of pregnancy, including the events of fertilization, the difference between cleavage and post-birth mitosis, the corpus luteum, and factors inducing parturition.

From the Paper
"Fertilization is the union of the sperm cell nucleus with the egg cell nucleus to produce a single cell the zygote. During ovulation a secondary oocyte surrounded by a zona pellucida and acorona radiata is released from the surface of ovary and enters the uterine tube. As it travels through the female reproductive tract the sperm undergoes capacitation which weakens the membrane around the acrosome allowing the release of enzymes. Thousands of sperm acrosomes release enzymes when they reach the secondary oocyte and it breaks...

Tags:fertilization, cleavage, corpus luteum, parturition

Abstract
This paper explains that the concepts of heterochrony and Von Baer's law have provided compelling evidence as to the validity of evolution as a theory and even more importantly explains the mechanism by which evolution occurs. Next, the author relates that Von Baer's law is concerned with the morphological and therefore genetic similarities in certain species, especially in regards to embryonic development with the timing of the divergence in the developmental process amongst species; whereas, heterochrony is the differentiation of morphological aspects between two or more species based on different timing and rates for the same developmental process. The paper examines the hagfish, zebra fish, frog and pig to provide examples of various stages of embryonic development from the egg size and early cleavage, gastrulation and the development of the pharyngeal arches, urogenital systems, limb and the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Heterochrony
Von Baer's Law
Synthesizing Heterochrony and Von Baer's Law
Egg Size and Early Cleavage
Gastrulation
Development of the Pharyngeal Arches
Development of the Urogenital Systems
Limb Development
Development of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
Conclusion

From the Paper
"This statement reflects what is now typically known as Von Baer's law. It is important enough even on its surface--the fact the different embryos can be observed to develop similarly means that the observation of one species could lead to useful knowledge pertaining to a wider class of species. Furthermore, the mere existence of these morphological--and therefore genetic--commonalities in vertebrate species is easily observable evidence as to the interrelatedness of life, and more so of the closer relationships shared by more specific classes of animals (i.e vertebrates). But as exciting and compelling as these surface similarities may be, the deeper implications of Von Baer's law are far more essential.
"Von Baer did not stop with his observation that similar structures and even developmental patterns existed in all vertebrate species, but he also noted the timing of these developments and their digressions from each other. Charles Darwin, the father of evolutionary science, "recognized an evolutionary interpretation [of Von Baer's observations] of great potential...look for similarity in embryos since evidence of common ancestry is so often obscured by highly particular adult modifications.""

Tags:inter-related, common structures, cleavages, phylotypic stage, spinal cord

Abstract
This paper analyzes the representation of children in John Everett Millais' paintings. It presents and analyzes 33 paintings, completed from 1840 to 1896, the year of the painter's death. Photographs of some of the paintings are included in the text. The paper points out that Millais was one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB), a group of English painters, poets, and critics. The paper attempts to demonstrate that the Pre-Raphaelitism of Millais is very particular in the sense that it uses the PRB's techniques, but concentrates on a subject that was not explored as extensively by the other artists of the Brotherhood, namely, children and childhood. The first part of the paper seeks to demonstrate that Millais strove to blend the aesthetics of the PRB with subject-matter that he felt was closer to the everyday popular concerns of the times. In addition, his reiteration of the Pre-Raphaelite preoccupations, techniques and devices has the lightness of manner and properties of a musical leitmotif, rather than the urgency and insistence of an unconditional engagement. Secondly, the paper concentrates on the cleavage between the representation of children in distress and children within the family unit, and briefly comments on the spirituality of the child according to Millais. Finally, the paper examines the portrayal of girls throughout Millais' career. The paper concludes that, thematically, children and childhood seem to define Millais best.

From the Paper
"The plot of The Rescue (1855) is mostly about protection and shelter, or rather, the lack of it. Millais plays with the colours and shades to create a general feeling of helplessness. The feeling of insecurity is heightened when we look at the figures of the three children trapped between the flames in the left-hand corner and the blackness and unhealthy mist of the London night in the right-hand corner of the painting. The figure of the fire-fighter as a temporary pillar of refuge echoes the blackness of the night outside, while the fragile whiteness of the figure of the mother is contrasted to the intense yellow-reddish flames, reflected on the face and feet of the boy. The painting stages a scene of distress and suggests future misery. Widely approved as celebrating "the bravery of the London Fire Brigade" (Adams 120), the painting contains the essence of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, which consists in a peculiar feeling of insecurity as to its real meaning. The spectator constantly hesitates between the two diverging interpretations. This is frequently due to the technical imperfections of many PRB paintings (a famous example is Lorenzo and Isabella but also Sir Isumbras at the Ford as we shall see further) but it has also become their special mark. It is difficult to say to what extent the instability generated is deliberate, especially in the case of Millais who was far from being a mediocre artist after all."

Tags:Pre-Raphaelite, Brotherhood

Abstract
This paper examines how human prolactin is a single chain polypeptide hormone composed of four antiparallel alpha helices with three intrachain disulphide loops between residues 4-11, 58-174 and 191-199 and how post translationally it is modified by cleavage, glycosylation, phosphorylation, and dimerisation to give multiple forms. It looks at how its function in females is to stimulate and maintain lactation and how the main control over prolactin secretion from the anterior pituitary is by hypothalamic factors.

Outline
Description of Analyte and Structure
Purpose of Analysis and Main Practical Problems
Preparation of Samples For Analysis
Storage of Samples
Description and Principle Method Used For Detection
Method Performance
References

From the Paper
"Two biological assays that are involved in the detection and measurement of prolactin are the pigeon crop-sac assay and the in vitro isolated mammary gland assay. The pigeon crop-sac assay is the classical bioassay for prolactin. It is based on the crop-sac response of incubating pigeons, which is believed to be the equivalent of mammalian lactation. The crop-sac response is thought to be stimulated by prolactin. The original assay method consists of intramuscular injection of the test solution every day, for four to six days. The crop-sacs are then excised at necropsy and the stimulated areas are weighed."

Tags:hyperprolactinaemia, hypothalamic, lactation, mammary, gland