Abstract
This paper discusses DNA testing, including varies types of tests such as mitochondrial and Y chromosome testing in the context of crime solving. DNA testing has become vital due to the fact that many crimes, especially violent crimes, leave behind hair, fibers and fluids which can be traced back to the offender. The paper relates that most states have DNA databases which keep profiles on past offenders on hand, however, relatively few states require that crime scene evidence be kept on hand which can be a hurdle in cases where people are in prison or on death row for crimes they may not have committed.

From the Paper
"Scott McDonald was twenty-seven years old on October 31, 1990, when he disappeared from his home on the southern coast of Alaska. Opal Fairchild was killed, and her purse was rummaged through on March 20, 1985 at her home on East Poppy Lane by the Red Diamond Center of Soldotna, Alaska. James Spence was shot and killed in the course of a robbery of the country foods store of Soldotna, Alaska sometime late in the evening on May 15 1993 or early in the morning on May 16. All of these cold cases- older unsolved crimes- are described on the..."

Tags:science, dna, criminal justice

Abstract
In this paper the author critically reviews Bullock et. al.'s chapter in "The Clearing House" entitled "Development of Curriculum Resource Guides in a Secondary Education Course". The original work reported the results of an undergraduate-level education course in which students were to compile an annotated list of source material for use as curriculum guides. The reviewer addressed the positive aspects of this assignment as well as its limitations. The review found this article to fall short. Criticisms include that the authors did not provide any critique of the final result, nor did they give any description of how the students proceeded with their project. Also, there was no indication of how the students were led through the process of evaluating the materials examined.

From the Paper
"This diverse approach to generating curriculum guides is an interesting approach that should encourage the teams to find a wider range of informational sources than the students might have found if, for instance, only future math teachers looked at math curriculum guide materials and only elementary teachers looked at materials for elementary students."

Tags:curriculum, development, secondary, school, education

Abstract
This paper discusses the need for companies to provide an organizational culture which motivates employees to share their information. The paper cites various studies that have been carried out that show the importance of managing change so that there is always detailed access to information.

From the Paper
"It is the job of human resource management to build an organizational culture which motivates employees to share their information so that it can be captured by the knowledge management system. This is a critical consideration when managing change because the management would need to have detailed access to information in order to conduct the strategic alignment process. According to Dess 2007, this process is conducted in respect of four areas: business strategy, IT strategy, organizational issues and information systems issues. IT strategy must be aligned to business strategy in the form of cost control. Unless these costs are controlled, the company will have lost its strategic focus and change will have done more harm than good. Organizational issues are defined in terms of whether employees have the necessary skills to operate the new system while information systems issues are related to systemic strength."

Tags:quality, consumer, strategy

Abstract
During the administrations of both Jimmy Carter and George Bush, clean air legislation was strengthened and, in 1990, the inclusive Clean Air Act (CAA) became law. This paper shows that it is the relaxing of many of the CAA's requirements that has dozens of action groups fighting the adoption of President George W. Bush?s Clear Skies 2003 measures. The paper discusses how the Act differs from the 1990 CAA and shows the points of view of different interest groups.

From the Paper
"While the DSP values the natural environment as a resource, the ASP values it intrinsically. While the DSP promotes domination over nature, the ASP promotes harmony with nature. While the DSP values risk and reward behavior, the ASP emphasizes public safety in public activities. But perhaps the most important difference, and one that can be seen by following the threads of the CAA and Clear Skies and the responses by government and activist groups to the latter, is this difference: the DSP values science and technology, separation of fact and value, thought and feeling. On the other hand, ASP advocates limits to science and believes in the integration of fact and value, and thought and feeling. (Jimmerson 1989)"

Tags:NAAQS, EPA, truckers

Abstract
This is an analysis of one of Clear Channel Communications' strategic business units, Critical Mass Media, a marketing firm specializing in radio broadcast media. The paper looks closely at marketing strategies such as nest marketing, web presence, listener relationship-building, and matching format to listener identity, that radio management cannot afford to neglect. 10pgs, bibliography lists 4 sources.

Tags:BUSINESS / CASE STUDIES, strategic business units

Abstract
This paper is a research proposal to determine whether a communication skills training class (The Clear Communication: Breaking Down the Barriers Program; CCBDB Program) can be used to decrease employees' levels of work stress. The subjects are 30 males and 30 females who volunteered from a large local organization. The study examines differences due to participants' ages, gender or number of years working for the company. It looks at how the study uses a pretest-posttest, matched groups design and how pretest stress scores will determine assignment to either the experimental or treatment group. It examines how subjects will be post-tested for stress at two weeks and four weeks following the experimental group's exposure to the treatment program.

From the Paper
"Research reports poor communication to be a factor related to occupational or job stress. Poor communication can include a lack of communication or a lack of the right kind of communication at the right time (Timm & Peterson, 1992). Communication between managers and subordinates has been shown to cause job stress. Communication messages are not clear and concise and are therefore misunderstood. Studies recommend that improved communication skills would result in job stress reduction (Flett & Briggs, 1992; Miller, 1991; Beehr, 1990). Empirical research is needed to ascertain if job training to improve communication skills would lower job stress."

Tags:pretest, posttest, work

Abstract
The paper explains what is meant by ACH System, how it works, its advantages and disadvantages. The paper also discusses how the U.S. Payment System has been affected by the new ACH System. Further, the paper includes a discussion about the past, the present, and the future of the U.S. Payment System.

From the Paper
"If the same customer were to authorize an electronic debit to their account, then the transfer of the funds would be carried out electronically, and this is what is known as the Automated Clearing House or the ACH transfer. However, whatever may be the innate advantages, there are a few things to be remembered at the outset, and these are: the money would not be transferred immediately; rather the transaction would proceed as if the customer did indeed have a valid physical account with the necessary funds available in his account, and it may take up to two or three days, and four at the most, to obtain information that the transaction has been accomplished. Secondly, there is no guarantee that the money is paid; and this can be quite risky when dealing with strangers or in cases where payment is expected immediately."

Tags:product, service, electronic, payment, debit, credit, elecontronically, network, communication

Abstract
This paper explains that some firms, especially in third world economies, will attempt to increase their profits by improving their worker productivity by paying a wage that is above the wage paid by other competing firms because, at the market level wage, workers may not get the necessary nutrients they require in order to carry out the working day's hard labor and to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The author points out that the ability of a firm to increase profits by setting these wages may not necessarily apply in other more industrialized labor markets where there is not a strong correlation between worker productivity and their nutritional intake. The paper relates that the efficiency wage model indicates that the behavior of a firm seeking to increase its profits is no longer limited to just decisions on how many workers to hire.

From the Paper
"It has been mentioned once before in this essay that efficiency wages may not necessarily hold true in today's modern, industrialized economies. However, there is empirical evidence that efficiency can hold true in an industrialized setting and not just in a subsistence one. If this is the case, then the economic rationale behind firm's setting wages above the market clearing wage, is a sound rationale. There is evidence that shirking-related employee problems are reduced when companies pay higher salaries. A study of large manufacturing companies in the United States shows that fewer workers are dismissed for disciplinary reasons when a firm pays a high rate of wage. In particular, a 10 percent increase in the wage reduced the rate at which workers were dismissed for disciplinary reasons . Hence, the economic rationale behind firms setting an efficiency wage is very plausible indeed, as back by empirical research such as this."

Tags:marginal, model, straight-line, productivity, industrialized

Abstract
This paper explores the paradigm shift that needs to occur in order to shift public perception from one method of thought to another in respect to scientific theory.

Abstract
This is a report on Barbara Freed's article "Talking to Foreign Versus Talking to Children. Her study represents an attempt to remedy this gap in the critical literature by comparing two registers that have often been considered to have similar features: baby talk and foreigner talk.

Tags:report, barbara, freed