Abstract The objective of this work is to design a secondary classroomenvironment. This work includes a statement of which child development theory best represents the needs of the grade level together with an explanation of why this theory is believed to be superior to other theories. The writer additionally provides clear indications that the plan takes into account the child developmental stages and variations that may exist among students of the same chronological age. The writer concludes that the classroomenvironment that is characterized by different learning activities as well as cooperative and inclusive learning, will provide a solid base to prepare students for entrance into the world as effective and functionally adept individuals.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Child Development Theories
Application of Theories in ClassroomEnvironmentDesign Specific Classroom Components
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "The computer center will be used by students on assigned days for groups of students and will be an interactive group learning activity as well as will the activity center; small group learning center; and library-reading center. Each student will be assigned to a group that utilizes each of these centers on a rotating basis with each group being assigned to each learning center at least one day per week. The classroom-learning environment will be designed in a manner that is characteristic of cooperative and collaborative learning. Group assignments will take into consideration the ability of students and will assign students into groupings making sure to include more capable students, students with mid-levels of capability and the less capable students evenly throughout the groupings so that the more capable students are able to assist those less capable in the assigned learning tasks. The use of the various learning activities integrates Gardner's theory of 'multiple intelligences' into the learning environment that is supported by Vygotsky's theory of the 'zone of proximal development' in order to further the learning potential of students. Rules of conduct in the classroom will be of mutual respect with stated rules of classroom behavior made clear so that no misunderstanding might occur."
Abstract This research design proposes to determine the most effective classroomenvironment for elementary-school students with learning disabilities by comparing three different classroomenvironments: Self-contained special education, an inclusive traditional classroom, and an inclusive constructivist classroom.
Tags: learning disabilities, mainstreaming, inclusive, research design
This paper discusses the use of technology in a learner-centered classroomenvironment which focuses on the unique abilities, experiences and interests of individual students.
Abstract This paper explains that technology used in a learner-centered classroomenvironment can help educators create a team-oriented learning community where students are encouraged to explore the world by capitalizing on their own unique abilities and interests. The author points out that technology can help teachers assess student's learning capability, learning style and knowledge frame of reference, all critical elements of a learner-centered classroomenvironment. The paper states that technology also can provide the opportunity to create a virtual learning environment where students can place themselves in various settings and learn from their experience.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Success Factors in the Classroom Learner-Centered Environment and Technology
Conclusions/Analysis
From the Paper "It is also critical in a learner-centered environment that students are provided with choices regarding assignments and the manner in which they perform and deliver assignments; this again reflects on the notion that students have many different learning styles, thus what works for one student may not be optimal for all students. In this case, students may be provided the option of delivering assignments via the web or written using computer based software programs. This is a simple and effective way to introduce technology into the classroom in a non-opposing or forceful manner. The computer can be used as one method of adapting to different learning and delivery styles."
Abstract This paper discusses and analyzes whether or not using healing environmentdesign strategies in senior assisted living and retirement communities affect the health and well-being of the elderly. Design methods and models are discussed and analyzed as key findings are determined and examined. The paper concludes that research studies are demonstrative of the benefits of healing environmentdesign, which has also been proven to be advantageous for the health care provider and staff.
From the Paper "Alternative interior design practices that are representative of healing environments are gaining popularity as the demand for new methods for designing retirement and senior living communities for the aging increases. Sufficient evidence currently exists that justifies the need for implementing healing environment design methods in the built environment as a means to promote and support human health and well-being. Some researchers suggest that the elderly living in communities that offer senior living that are based on healing environments have higher rates satisfaction in living standards and are living longer compared to those seniors who live in the stereotypical retirement community and often experience cold and drab conditions."
Abstract In this article, the writer discusses that the basis of this formal art analysis is to provide the various differences that occur in learning environments. The writer notes that although the classroom offers a knowledge based criterion for learning; the internship work environment offers a different, more realistic application of these knowledge-based principles through experience. In this manner, the writer points out that both applications for learning are necessary, but they offer different approaches to understanding insular and external environments in interior design.
From the Paper "The major difference between these two different learning methods is the insular learning within the classroom, and the external facets of the working environment in an internship. In this manner, the knowledge that I had gained in the classroom could not replace the complicated experiences that I encountered in the workplace. For instance, at my internship, I was asked to answer phone calls from possible clients. Although I had learned much about interior design in the classroom, there was a great deal more learned by simply talking with clients and their highly varied stylistics. The demands of their artistic vision, the complexities of their style tastes, and other factors brought an experiential and real world application of knowledge into action. In many cases, what I had learned in the classroom often seemed like rigid method guidelines, which forced me to be more creative and intuitive with customers. Although one can expect the classroom to teach everything there is to know about interior design, the necessity of an internship helped me to get real world experience and forced me to adapt to design principles that rely on intensive adaptivity, not book knowledge."
This paper examines modifications to technology in education in relation to the inclusion of special education students in the general classroomenvironment.
Abstract The paper discusses how accommodations and modifications are required in the area of technology used in classroom education and may be related to auditory, visual or other various individual needs of students with disabilities. The paper discusses assistive technology and describes the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework. The paper shows how the provisions of instruction as designed within the framework of UDL will assist every student in the learning initiative and provide each student the best possible opportunity for academic success.
Outline:
Abstract
Objective
Introduction
Access to the General Curriculum
Defining the General Curriculum
Assistive Technology
Universal Design for Learning
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "The work of Jane Williams, Ph.D. entitled: "Adaptations & Accommodations for Students with Disabilities" states: "...for many students with disabilities - and for many without - the key to success in the classroom lies in having appropriate adaptations, accommodations and modifications made to the instruction and other classroom activities."(Williams, 2001) Williams relates that some adaptations are as simple as changing the seating for a student that is easily distracted to changing the way "that a material is presented." (Williams, 2001)"
Tags: curriculum, disabilities, Universal, Design, for, Learning
Abstract This paper explains that "Understanding by Design" (UbD), developed by Grant Wiggins and Jay Mc Tighe, is an academic framework for designing curriculum units, performance assessments and instruction, which advances a deeper and better understanding among the learners by beginning with the end goals in mind. The author points out that the 'Backward Design' model, which is an outcome of the concept of "Understanding by Design", centers on the idea that the learning process should commence after having identified the desired results and then works backwards to evolve most suitable methodology instead of adopting a routine approach of learning. The paper states that the advantages of this model are that it (1) helps design instruction that promotes understanding and student engagement, (2) provides design tools and templates in addition to the design standards and (3) enables "results" orientation, which focuses on assessment first and relevant instructional activities last.
Table of Contents
Understanding by Design - The Backward Design Stage 1. Identify Desired Results.
Stage 2. Determine What Constitutes Acceptable Evidence of Competency in the Outcomes and Results (Assessment)
Stage 3. Plan Learning Experience and Instruction.
Pros and Cons of the Model
Recommendations
The Unit or Course Design The Teacher
The Learner
The ClassroomEnvironment Conclusion
Table 1. Big Idea in the Backward Design Approach
From the Paper "The learners or the students are another important component of this design and should therefore be able to describe the goals and performance requirements of the unit or course. In addition, the learners should be able to explain what they are doing and why. It is recommended that the learners should be engaged in activities that help them to learn the big ideas and answer the essential questions. These activities should also promote explanation, interpretation, application, perspective taking, empathy, and self-assessment. The students should avail all opportunities that are provided to them to demonstrate what they are learning. The students should also be involved in self- or peer-assessment based on established criteria and performance standards."
Abstract Moral development in the classroom remains a crucial component of our nation's educational system. With occurrences such as the Columbine school shooting, continual reports on student teacher affairs, issues such as teen pregnancy, and drug abuse, it is no surprise that America feels that children are lacking moral development in the classroom. This paper explains that although critics may argue that moral development begins at home, moral development should coincide in the classroom, as well. It concludes that since students spend a huge portion of their day in a classroomenvironment, it only makes sense that classrooms promote morality and ethicality.
Moral Development
What is Morality Good For?
Teachers
Three Classroom Settings
What Constitutes a Moral Environment?
What is meant by a Moral Child?
Philosophy of Morality
Virtue Ethics: Benefits and Drawbacks
What is Meant by Wrong?
Religion
Community
Who has the Final Say in Morality?
From the Paper "What exactly is moral development? Well, basic human nature is naturally good. Human nature often leans toward the good in every situation and prefers the good to the bad, for the most part. Plato in his Symposium described his "Staircase of Love Theory," in which he formulated the notion that the notion that human beings are attracted to the good the same way the lover is attracted to the beloved. Just as physical limbs and mental and social capacities are developed, so is morality. Both individually and socially the human being matures his moral conscious and character (Reimer, 1979). "
Abstract In this article, the writer analyzes the importance of understanding the stages of human development in the classroom. Specifically, this work analyzes some of the problems that might result from a teacher's lack of such understanding. The focus of this paper is on middle childhood and includes a discussion of teacher behaviors that serve to promote students' thinking abilities, behaviors that would help students achieve greater success and behaviors that would promote the social and emotional well-being of the individual student, as well as improve the classroomenvironment for children in that stage. Finally this work includes classroom practices and materials that serve to promote diversity and equity within the educational experience.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Developmentally Appropriate Classroom Practice
Classroom Practices: Diversity and Equity in Education
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "At this stage of development the students are very conscious of what their peers think of them and it begins to be important to be accepted among their peers at this stage of development. It is important at this stage of development that the teacher motivates students to participate in classroom activities and discussions and that the students are rewarded for participation. The teacher must work towards the students feeling good about participation even when they give a wrong answer, therefore motivation and reward must be focused toward participation and not just giving the right answer. The teacher should be able to assess the social dynamics among the group of students and in doing so call upon those she has noted are 'leaders' in the group to assist her in motivating other student's participation. In motivating the natural leaders of the classroom group in participation of learning it will become socially acceptable for others in the group to actively participate in classroom activities."
Abstract This paper explains that, among the many resources for managing a classroom are the use of seating charts, personal greetings, contracts, praise, teacher/student relationship, classroomenvironment, bell work, agenda, and establishing clear rules and consequences. The author discuses the positive aspects of each technique and how it can be used effectively in the classroom. The paper points out that the most effective classroom managers do not treat each student in the same way but rather use different strategies with different students.
Table of Contents:
Seating Chart
Greetings
Contracts
Praise
Teacher/Student Relationship
Physical Environment Bell work
Agenda
Rules and Consequences
Summary
From the Paper "Because so much time is spent in the classroom, teachers should make it attractive, comfortable and functional. The physical aspects of a classroom include room arrangement, seating, displays and climate. All of this taken into consideration creates a safe learning environment in which students are comfortable with sharing ideas. Seats should be arranged so there is no congestion and the teacher can see all the students. The seat organization should help the students feel organized, this could mean assigned seats."
Abstract This paper discusses the internal and external causes of bad behavior in the classroom. The internal causes are described as being part of the student's psychological make-up. The paper outlines revenge, compliance, defense, being offended and image as being internal influences of classroom misconduct. The paper evaluates the influence the environment has on a student's behavior. The external causes of bad classroom behavior presented in the paper are negative media exposure, domestic violence, abuse and loss of a close relation.
From the Paper "Abuse, in all its forms, leaves the most negative and lasting impact on a student's psychology. Abused students are hardest to recover from their abuse trauma. It leaves them unable to build and retain cordial relations with anyone. Most abused students are found to stay aloof and cold in attitude. If others try to forcefully mix with them, make fun of them or try to share things about their life, such students can burst out in a very bad conduct in classrooms, even to the extent of attacking others (NASP, 1999)."
Tags: abuse, violence, misconduct, environment, envy, revenge, defense, media
Abstract This paper, written from the author's personal experience, explains an approach to teaching that incorporates a caring classroomenvironment and a dedication to the educational materials. The paper's author makes an argument, based on personal experience, that this type of learning environment promotes motivation to learn.
From the Paper "Research has consistently shown that promoting a caring classroom environment can promote the student's motivation to learn (Horsch, 2002; Rice, 2001; Freeman, 2000). After researching this topic, I discovered that there are many ways in which instructors can, and should, show care and support toward their students. By displaying a certain level of care within the classroom setting, we, as instructors, have the power not only to encourage the growth of our students, but also to encourage their motivation levels."
Abstract This paper aims to demonstrate exactly how teachers can become effective at classroom management and what skills are necessary for them to be effective at managing the classroom. To accomplish this, it examines classroom management from an open-minded perspective. The study also incorporates an exploratory approach with regard to examining how effective management skills can be adopted.
Outline
Abstract
Synopsis
Chapter 1
Introduction
Problem Statement
Importance of Study
Background to Study
Chapter 2
Literature Review
Classroom Management Defined
Why is Classroom Management Important?
Classroom Management in Action
Developing Classroom Skills
Factors Contributing to Teacher Strategies
Teaching and Classroom Management Models
Summary of Literature
Proposed Strategies for Success
Chapter 3
Methodology
Theory Building Process
Data Collection and Sample
Population Sample
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Scope and Limitations of the Study
Ethics
Implications
References
From the Paper "The need for better instruction regarding how to effectively manage a classroom is evidenced in a majority of the literature available (Biggs, Hinson & Long, 1999; Placek & Dodds, 1988; Dembo & Gibson, 1985). Whether an education major or an experienced teacher, individuals are still attempting to identify the factors they believe to influence classroom management. Many are still struggling to define a successfully managed classroom, while others are working to identify factors that contribute to successful classroom management (Biggs, Hinson & Long, 1999). Surveys of teacher's beliefs about classroom management suggest that numerous factors may play into classroom management and the ability of teachers to manage classrooms effectively."
Abstract A discussion of effective managing and controlling of the classroomenvironment. Without effective classroom management, the quality of teaching cannot be ensured. This is the reason for which experts give considerable attention to this issue and it is considered to be one of the primary factors which contributes to the quality of education. The three main issues are: organization of classroom activities, effective communication and monitoring of classroom activities. Teachers must be aware of the reasons that lead to poor performance among the students or create misbehavior in their attitude.
From the Paper "While considering the issue of classroom management, it is important for the instructor to respond effectively to the problems that occur during the conduction of the class. Furthermore, the instructor should also make sure that an effective strategy is adopted to prevent the frequent occurrence of problems so that class discipline is maintained. Moreover, it is also necessary for the teacher to have a clear vision of his goals and objectives, which he or she wants to accomplish. The structure of the course to be taught should be base on these objectives. In the absence of a clear vision, the instructor will not be able to effectively manage the course and this will affect his/her quality of teaching as well as the performance of students."
Abstract This paper applies Montessori's theories of child education to the concept of equal opportunities for all children, and why children would likely benefit from being exposed to inescapable differences among their peers. These theories are supported through investigating the introduction of children with differences into the classroom via two- way bilingual education training and why this type of educational method has benefits for all students within a given classroomenvironment.
