Abstract
This paper looks at the views of Marx and Madison on class struggle. The ideologies of both Marx and Madison are compared. It is shown that while Marx looked to socialism as a result and solution to the class struggle, Madison looked to establish a structure to minimize the effect of the differences, and in which capitalism could co-exist with representative government.

From the Paper
"Marx wrote that the history of all existing societies is the history of class struggle. Using this statement as a basis for his theoretical model, he argued that historical change was in large measure due to the forces of people acting to gain, protect or protest their relative social and material status. If everything is material and humans create social life in response to economic need, then aspects of human society are primarily based on economic structure, classes are determined by their relationship to that structure, and events can be seen as the outcome of the interaction of those classes. From the moment humans were able to produce more than was needed for mere subsistence, there was a struggle over who was to control the surplus and the means of production."

Tags:class, material, structure, production, federalist, communism, socialism

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that class struggle is one conflict that has persistently influenced social development and art. For purposes of this paper, the writer treats both criticism and history as forms of 'art' in themselves, respectively based on the creative equality between art and criticism Oscar Wilde argues in 'The Critic as Artist' and the structural equipollency between history and literature cited by Hayden White in 'The Historical Text as Literary Artifact'. The writer maintains that if one therefore assumes that most art, as defined above, is the product of either education, or writing, or both, then it is one of the inherent components of class struggle. The writer concludes that art, especially in the written form, is a practice which, regardless of its intention, may empower those elites capable of comprehending and analyzing it and therefore potentially sharpens the class divide.

From the Paper
"As such, both history and criticism employ the same technique to the same end: the use of reason and language to explain the meaning of an object at hand. Thus each stands in the same relationship to the object as the artist stands to reality. Since literature and painting undergo the same process of creation and interpretation as history, we may also interpret history as art also.
"While both authors appear to have similar notions about the use of 'art' to assign form and meaning, their positions on its role in society diverge."

Tags:writing, criticism, social, hierarchies

Abstract
This paper examines how "The Communist Manifesto" by Marx and Engels explore the concepts of communism, capitalism and class and how Marx asserts that capitalism only leads to a society of overworked people that are incapable of expressing thoughts. It looks at how there are several readings that confirm Marx' notions of class and the negative effects of mass production within a capitalist society such as "The Lawrence Textile Strike" in which Marx precepts that the proletariat class would revolt against the bourgeois comes to fruition. In this case the textile workers strike because they feel that they are not receiving enough pay for the amount of time that they work.

From the Paper
"Another example of Marx theories of class and capitalism is found in the "Corporate Man". This article confirms Marx notion that capitalism cripples an individual's ability to think for himself. The author explains that all of the endeavors of the corporate man are done for the sake of the organization that he works for. The article asserts that the demands of the corporation become more important to the executive than family, recreation, sex and health. (Golbraith) In addition, the notion of the corporate executive perpetuates the division between the classes. The article asserts that the corporate executive is overeducated and overpaid while the working class is overworked and underpaid. The article explains that in the end the corporate executive is forgotten and his hard work is underappreciated."

Tags:capitalism, bourgeois, corporation, mass, production

Abstract
An examination of the chaos existing in 19th century England and the causes and consequences. The paper states that England's development of a dual class struggle -middle class vs. aristocracy and working class vs. middle class - arose for several reasons. The most immediate and obvious cause was the industrial revolution, which impacted the country economically, socially, and politically.

From the Paper
"The year 1850 found England in the midst of some remarkable transitions. First, in the wake of the Industrial Revolution, England was in the process of evolving from being an agrarian society into being an industrial one. In fact, the year 1851 would mark the first year when the number of people in England's cities and towns was greater than the number of people in her rural areas (Hibbert 67).

"Second, for the first time in the country's history, the landowners, also known as the gentry or aristocracy, found themselves losing political ground and cultural influence to the middle class. The Middle Class, strengthened by the Industrial Revolution, had battered its way into the House of Commons and successfully passed several reform measures, such as the Prison Act, and the Lunacy Act, measures that the aristocracy would not have undertaken if left to their own devices."

Tags:social, class, aristocracy, karl, marx, factory, laws

Abstract
This paper explores the current failures of the public education system and how this deviates from the original intention of using public education to erase the poorer classes. The paper argues that the current superstructure of the public education system has only solidified class differences and struggle. The paper also contends that part of this is because of the lack of creativity coming from both teachers and students.

Tags:education, public, class differences

Abstract
This paper explores how Marx emphasized the significance of "class" and social distinction in "The Communist Manifesto", but he did not provide a definition of what "class" actually was. Through investigating the concept of class within the "Communist Manifesto", the reader witnesses why Marx did not supply a definition for "class". In terms of his views upon class and society, the nature of class within human history has characterized the role of every principle humanity is supposed to detest and prohibits the acceptable conquest of those qualities the human being is supposed to idealize.

From the Paper
"Of specific note by Marx are the classes of the "Proletarian" and the "Bourgeois". For Marx, the new class of the Bourgeois (interpreted as the industrialist class) is the cause of a new era of social class strife. Marx writes: "Our epoch, the epoch of the bourgeoisie, possesses, however, this distinctive feature: it has simplified the class antagonisms." (35) In this concept of class antagonisms, Marx refers to the concept that the middle class of the Bourgeois now has powers that were forbidden to the peasantry, and this serves to further polarize the classes into those that rank as the "Bourgeois" and those that rank among the "Proletarian"."

Tags:socialism, humanity

Abstract
The industrial revolution brought about a new era of industry-driven wealth and prosperity, but it also resulted in the rapid polarization of social classes. This paper explains the positions of both pro-labor and anti-labor leaders and discusses the validity of these positions.

From the Paper
"By the mid 1800's, industrialization had become a prominent force in American society. With it came drastic increases in productivity and manufacturing efficiency, and a vast amount of wealth, which found its way largely into the hands of the few who were intelligent - or lucky - enough to find themselves in control of lucrative businesses. This newfound supply of wealth began to have a dramatic effect on the upper classes. Even Andrew Carnegie, who called on the wealthy to practice "modest, unostentatious living," found himself living in a fabulous New York mansion by the beginning of the twentieth century. The surprising new wealth of the capitalists, however, contrasted sharply with the relative poverty of the general populace."

Tags:carnegie, child, class, industrial, industry, labor, pro, revolution, rights, rockefeller, struggle, sweatshops, warfare, workers

Abstract
This paper analyzes the motives and methods behind the class overtures in Latin America and how these methods have clashed with the pure-force tactics also employed by those in power. It discusses how paternalism has both hindered and facilitated force and violence in class struggle in Latin America. The writer also explores this topic through looking at missionaries, industry and politics in the region, using specific examples such as factories in Chile and Columbia, Peronism in Argentina and Isabellan legislation in the New World.

From the Paper
"The modern era has seen the rise of class conflict to the forefront of the political and economic arenas of the world. Nowhere is this more clearly seen than in the socially stratified sphere of Latin American history. From violent strikes to repressive politics, Latin America has seen class struggle pit the poor against the rich, labor against capital, peasants against landlords, the people against the government, and the masses against the elite. And yet, class conflict and the lines between the sides involved have never been so clear-cut in reality as in words. In many instances, the powers that be, the elites of politics and the factory owners of industry, have positioned themselves not as the enemies, but as the protectors, of the poor. From European missionary rhetoric to paternalistic factory politics to populist politics, those in power have forged as a much of a legacy in positioning themselves as a benign force in the lives of the lower class as they have in abusing and antagonizing those less fortunate. Incidences of paternalism, control by those in power to mold the lower classes into a way of living deemed or advertised as better than their current status, in Latin America are not only deviations from the them-vs.-us portrait of class struggle; paternalism complexifies and deepens the reality of class relations itself by at times intensifying the exploitation of elite goals, and at other times offering the lower classes genuine help from the above. Often, though, the effects of paternalism have been somewhere in between, both building bridges and burning them in the war between classes. In analyzing the motives behind paternalistic actions and rhetoric, whether they derive from need for control or power, or a genuine conception or misconception of how to improve the lives of the lower class, students of Latin American history can see that the reasons behind paternalistic efforts have been varied and unclear, while the effects of these efforts have touched all aspects of social, economic and political identity in Latin America. "

Tags:allende, argentina, chile, columbia, history, isabella, mexico, peron, politics, struggle

Abstract
This paper discusses the social class in England during the time of Vanity Fair. It suggests that it demonstrates that there is a significant separation between those that have been blessed with wealth and those that exist in poverty. The paper analyzes the class separations as evident in the manner in which the wealthy overtly degrade the poor and in the manner in which the poor discuss their own inequality with the wealthy.

From the Paper
"Vanity Fair: Money, Power, Class and the Struggles of Women in England Social class in England during the time of Vanity Fair demonstrates that there is a significant separation between those that have been blessed with wealth, and those that exist in poverty. The class separations are evident in the manner in which the wealthy overtly degrade the poor, and in the manner in which the poor discuss their own inequality with the wealthy. From the start of the film, as the character of Becky is placed as a servant after the death of her parents, the women who control her future discuss the fact that they are free to treat her in any way they like because she has no one of importance to care for her."

Tags:vanity, fair, society

Abstract
This essay examines the impressions working class in the early twentieth century through comparing the works of Susan Porter Benson in "Counter Cultures, Saleswomen, Managers, and Customers in American Department Stores, 1890-1940" to that of Farrell Dobbs's series "Teamsters." The author finds Dobbs to have a more detailed accurate portrayal of working class life, providing audiences with an in-depth look into the working class struggles of that time. The paper highlights the authors' works and the areas in which they specialized their research. For example, Susan Porter Benson focused on the women's movement of the working class, whereas Farrell Dobbs focused on labor unions. The paper concludes with a discussion of unions, strikes and the movement to improve working conditions for the working class.

From the Paper
"The "working class" labels formed early in the nineteenth century (Cody,). The "classes" are defined by various traits: occupation, education, manners, power, and social prestige (Wikipedia Encyclopedia). The working class consists of blue-collar workers and manual laborers. They can be either upper or middle class with skilled laborers at one and unskilled at the other (Cody,). These definitions and views of the working class are still perceived today. The working classes, as everyone knows, have various education and experience backgrounds."

Tags:blue collar workers, proletariat, laborers, unskilled workers, skilled workers