Abstract
This paper addresses the compensation methods for educators in the US, which has remained unchanged since the 1950s. The paper argues that teacher salaries are regulated without regard for class performance, peer rating, subject taught, or individual accolades received and these can cause complacency as pay is not aligned with results. The paper examines the value of motivation and analyzes if monetary increases in salaries based on performance influence teachers in the public education system to work harder. The paper also studies past and present results of performance based pay, both in the private and public sectors and concludes that Cincinnati public school teachers demonstrated the ability to steadily improve proficiency scores in all subject areas. The paper also provides recommendations for creating innovative ways to reward teachers. This paper includes charts and figures.

Contents:
Background
Problem Statement
Purpose of the Study
Study Objectives
Chapter II: Literature Review
Introduction
Section 1
Section 2
Government
Chapter III: Methodology
Introduction
Chapter 4
Data Collection
Cycle I
Cycle II
Cycle III
Reliability and Validity
Scope of Limitations
Chapter V
Summary
Recommendation
References

From the Paper
"By 1970, collective bargaining had swept the nation after President John F. Kennedy defeated Richard Nixon in the 1960 election. Kennedy had actively courted labor unions during his presidential campaign and highlighted the contributions of the labor movement when accepting the nomination for his party. Consequently, union membership, once hated by white collar workers, became acceptable. Although President Kennedy had based a large portion of his campaign on making union promises, he was unable to accomplish any major piece of reform within the teacher union community because his assassination shortened his term in office. However, President Kennedy's assassination did not end the push for teacher unions."

Tags:education, public sector, salaries teachers

Abstract
This paper explains that Goffman's "The Presentation of the Gendered Self in Everyday Life" sets up a model of human interaction, which takes most of its metaphors from the realm of theatrical performance. The author points out that, as a Muslim woman, taking into account Goffman's framework, the 'front' of her performance in everyday life is wearing the veil, which lie beneath significant connotation and hence presenting herself on stage by her appearance and manner. The paper relates that Bourdieu argues that physical capital (in the form of body shape, walk and posture) is socially produced through activities such as sport, food, and etiquette.

From the Paper
"Goffman in his framework uses a metaphor (a drama) to explain how social meaning is attributed to a person in ordinary, everyday interaction. We see how the persona, on and off a stage and with various audiences, is manifested through performance and roles. Through the drama, actors give meaning to themselves, to others and their situation. Interactions, which are seen to be performances before observers, deliver impressions to others according to the actor's goals. Information is exchanged to confirm identity and the significance of behavior."

Tags:metaphor, performance, physical, dress, roles

Abstract
The paper posits that a 2nd grade reading class with a diverse student mix needs an appropriate instructional plan. The paper adds that to suit this class that contains advanced learners, English-language learners, and a large group of at-grade level students, flexibility will be crucial. The paper asserts that differentiated instruction will provide that flexibility, and facilitated by the use of centers, stations, small groups, and regular assessments, instruction will be differentiated by content, process, and product.

From the Paper
"This class is composed of students with a wide range of instructional needs: high achievers, a large group of students performing at-grade-level, and a significant English-language learner (ELL) population. With such a diverse student group, the most appropriate way to address the different skill levels, abilities, and needs of this class will be through the use of differentiated instruction. Differentiated instruction will be delivered through the processes of stations, centers, and small-group assignments. Students will receive different levels of curriculum compacting, use different learning processes, and create varied..."

Tags:instructional, performance, plan

Abstract
The paper provides a discussion of how a district strategic plan has links between student performance and financial, human and material resources. The paper notes how these resources relate to teaching and learning.

From the Paper
"The following presents a discussion of how a district strategic plan has links between student performance and financial, human and material resources. How these resources relate to teaching and learning are noted. This is followed by a summary and conclusion.
"School district and school strategic plans are developed to ensure that schools courses, classes and services meet the needs of the student as well as the state. The state of Florida, for example, strives to provide education programs for children in grades pre-kindergarten..."

Tags:class

Abstract
This paper provides a review of the PBS documentary "A Class Divided," a film that chronicles the reunion of teacher Jane Elliott and her third-grade students who she put through her famous "Brown-Eye/Blue Eye" experiment to reveal the ugliness of discrimination.

From the Paper
"The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) documentary, "A Class Divided" directed by William Peters and starring school teacher Jane Elliott, is a ... minute video about Elliott's third-grade classroom. Blue Eyes/Brown Eyes experiment: The experiment demonstrates that discrimination has a negative effect on student performance even after only one day of students being subjected to discrimination. The documentary includes the reunion of Elliott and her third grade class a decade and a half after the experiment to discuss the lasting impact of the experience on them..."

Tags:minorities, academic performance, prejudice, learning, social justice, teaching, leadership

Abstract
This paper addresses how students' expectations affect their grades and performance. The writer maintains that students who have high expectations do better than students who have low expectations. The writer discusses the effect on performance if students have positive attitudes about classes and how negative attitudes affect students' performance. The writer maintains that expectations that students have about their ability to do well in college will affect how well the student will do in college.

From the Paper
"While many educators are concerned about test scores of African Americans, it is important to remember that several factors affect the test scores. Students who perceive themselves as doing well will do better than students who fail to believe in themselves.
"Do Expectations Students Have Affect Performance? Jennifer entered college directly from high school. She has poor expectations for herself due to the fact that she was the first member in ..."

Tags:students, expectations, performance

Abstract
While studies suggest that there is a correlation between class size and student performance, the extent of this correlation is, as of ye,t unknown. This unknown quality is what has justified maintaining reduced class sizes, for the expenditure of hiring additional teachers and equipping them in order to reduce the size of the average classroom is a costly procedure that requires extensive validation. If there is a statistically significant increase in student performance in classes with a reduced size, this then arguably validates reducing class size. The evidence thus far suggests that there is a statistically significant increase in performance and that steps should be taken to reduce class size.

Abstract
This paper presents a self-assessment of the writer who participated in a literature class. The self-evaluation discusses how the course helped the writer understand different literary genres. A final section includes an assessment of the writer's performance in the class.

From the Paper
"In this course we have studied four different genres of literature, poetry, free verse, creative nonfiction and short story. In working on each of the assignments dedicated to created one sample of each of these four genres, I was able to learn greater insight and understanding into the differences of each genre. I also learned the complexities and challenges of creating any of the different genres. While there were times in this course I felt my commitment could have been greater, ultimately I believe I learned..."

Tags:poetry, short story, creativity, nonfiction, discipline, commitment, emotion, stress

Abstract
This paper examines the factors influencing student performance. It challenges the widespread consensus that reducing class size affords the best hope for improved learning. Instead, it argues that multi-dimensional approaches and reduction at the level of school size afford the best hope for improved student performance.

Abstract
One of the most heated point of contention within school districts currently is the variable effects of school size, school funding and student performance. There are costs and benefits associated with school size and especially class size and those issues affect school funding, as it is largely accepted that less schools, therefore larger schools equals less cost overall. Yet, the concern in any district is the trade off associated with increasing the size of the student body and therefore almost assuredly increasing the class size and the student to teacher ratio. Mississippi schools are not alone in their quest to find an answer to this growing dilemma. A review of current literature assists educators in a greater understanding of the inherent problems and solutions offered for both increasing school size and decreasing or maintaining current status. This analysis assesses the current state of information on the interrelated issues of student body size, school costs and academic performance. A short summary of the conclusive evidence within the literature, shows that there is a growing trend to determine just what the best size is for secondary schools. The overwhelming evidence is in favor of smaller schools that incorporate the use of many interdisciplinary tools and use careful coordination to ensure that diversity remains within the school curriculum. Researchers from all over the spectrum are searching for ways to determine the best possible results for all students within the compulsory education system and the focal point could just be the very question this paper asks: How much does school size affect cost and student success?

From the Paper
"Not only does Roellke suggest that smaller schools are just as effective as larger schools on the issue of curriculum and that there are possibilities that can be offered only by smaller schools, he also contends that smaller schools are the best trying ground for curricular improvement efforts. "Lower enrollments allow for such engaging and meaningful instructional practices, suggesting that small schools are ideal sites for curriculum reform efforts." (Roellke 1996) Roellke also stresses that some of the ways in which smaller high schools offer greater curricular diversity than they might have in the past, is through the implementation of greater collaborative efforts and also the use of technological advances. Roellke is one of many researchers making the connection between school size and curricular diversity a less important factor through further investigation."

Tags:OTE, curriculum