Abstract
This paper describes the thesis of "The Dynamism of the Spirit and the Infinite Within" by W. Norris Clarke, then considers the validity of the arguments offered and whether Clarke shows that the human mind is open to the infinite as he says it is. The paper also discusses the fact that there would be such a drive supports the yearning for religious expression and for a knowledge of much that is outside of immediate human experience.

From the Paper
"In his treatise, Clarke makes an arguments in favor of the conclusion that there is a drive, an openness, toward the Infinite (God) built into the human spirit (intellect and will). The fact that there would be such a drive supports the yearning for religious expression and for a knowledge of much that is outside of immediate human experience. Clarke sees the mind as not simply a tabula rasa but a blank slate with a yearning to be filled by a knowledge of God. Such knowledge is for the mind the goal of all its inquiries. The human mind is predisposed to ask questions about its own existence, about its relationship to that which is greater than itself, to raise these issues and to seek the answers. This yearning is more than curiosity, tough that may be included."

Tags:critique, clarke, treatise

Abstract
This paper briefly recounts the historic Lewis and Clarke expedition, provides a short biography of Lewis, Clarke, and Sacagawea, discusses the expedition's impact on native Indian culture and the scientific importance of the expedition.

From the Paper
"The Lewis and Clarke expedition was a phenomenal one that had a significant impact on the American nation in terms of both geographical expansion and the cultural influence. The exploration was the outcome of the long cherished dream and vision of President Jefferson. The project, which was envisioned by Jefferson, was led by Meriwether Lewis, a twenty eight-year-old army officer together with his friend William Clark a 32-year-old army man. The expedition was basically a commercial exploration that was planned to look into the possibility of using the Mississippi River as a communication route and increasing the trade with the native Indians. Jefferson organized a contingent to explore the hitherto uncharted territory and to discover a northwest route. Let us look into the details of this all important and interesting adventure, which had significant bearings on the whole of the American nation."

Tags:geographical, expansion, president, jefferson, commercial, exploration, missippippi, river

Abstract
This paper examines Roddy Doyle"s novel, "Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha", a powerful and compelling story of life in 1960s Ireland through the eyes of a ten-year-old boy, Paddy. It looks at how the book is purposely written almost entirely in dialogue, creating a fantastic range of slang, vulgarisms and colloquialisms. It analyzes how within the book, Doyle explores and deals with many issues, including Paddy and his hatred for his brother, peer group pressure and his mother and father's rocky and deteriorating marriage as well as many other themes. These include the loss of childhood innocence, the family, the marvelous nature of a child's imagination, the harshness of life and the cruelty of children.

From the Paper
"The first techniques which one could mention, is the obvious slow change of the tone within the book. Doyle creates, for the first 200 pages of so, the dominant tone of happiness, delight and childish mischief. "I had a book on my head. I had to get up the stairs without it falling off. If it fell off I would die." Nothing is particularly serious, Paddy continues to harass his brother and play with his peers, and has yet to understand the seriousness of his mother and fathers continuous quarreling. However Doyle cleverly changes the tone, towards the end of the novel, through Paddy's dialogue, not only to show that Paddy is growing up, as he most definitely is, but also to create a tone more serious, anxious and tense. "They were fighting all the time now. They said nothing but it was a fight .The silences were worst, waiting it to start again, or louder." "

Tags:ireland, slang, dialogue, marriage

Abstract
The paper illustrates how Vitto's peer relations (save for the sometimes sputtering friendship he strikes up with Fabrizio) are marred by bullying, recrimination, and by the threat of violence. On the other hand, the paper shows how Paddy's peer relations are much more collegial and act as a stand-in for what Paddy's dysfunctional home cannot provide him. The paper discusses how in a real sense, Vitto's life revolves around his mother; for his part, Paddy's life revolves around his friends. The paper brings out how these children are classic examples of embattled youngsters trying to find a refuge or safe-house in an inhospitable world.

From the Paper
"The following paper will explore the peer relationships of Vittorio Innocente in Nino Ricci's "Lives of the Saints" and of Paddy Clarke in Roddy Doyle's "Paddy Clarke, Ha, Ha, Ha". In so doing, what will become evident is that Vitto's peer relations (save for the sometimes sputtering friendship he strikes up with Fabrizio) are marred by bullying, recrimination, and by the threat of violence; simply stated, his various trials at the hands of other boys are Vitto's unhappy introduction to the destructive powers of the rumor-mongering and gossiping that have despoiled his mother's..."

Tags:paddy, vitto, peers

Abstract
This paper discusses Joe Clark's book "Laying Down the Law" as being one of the most thought provoking works on the needs of the secondary education system ever written. The writer of this paper focuses on the appointment of Joe Clark as Principal of Eastside High School in N.J. and his unique courage, brilliance, leadership, administrative skills and pure devotion to the process of educating of our youth which put Clark in a category all his own. This paper discusses the media attention given to Clark by exposing his plan in the creation of "magnet" schools which resulted in changing secondary education across America.

From the Paper
"Joe Clark too is well qualified to not only do the job he did, but become the leader he became in the reform of Secondary Education during the just past decade. He was raised in the ghetto of Newark, New Jersey and boot-strapped himself and his family out of the terrible grip of poverty his life was entangled in. He did so by hard work, education and most importantly of all "applying the knowledge I've gained." This he did boldly, almost reverentially, and his innovative Conservatism became contagious."

Tags:education, joe, clark, biography, youth, magnet, school

Abstract
This paper reviews the career of Tim J. Clark of the University of California at Berkeley, a noted expert on French art and politics of the 19th and 20th centuries. In 'Farewell to an Idea - Episodes from a History of Modernism', Clark explains from the late 18th century, the combined history of modernist art and socialist politics. The paper discusses how this view of developments is actually quite common in an idea of modernism and socialism having emerged and progressed at the same time but as Clark points out, there is an error to avoid in seeing a linear progression.

Tags:clark, modernism, socialism

Abstract
A narrative of the expedition across the United States performed by Lewis and Clark including politics at the time, Jefferson's influence and goals and successes of the "Voyage of Discovery." A description is also given of geographic characteristics, Sacajawea and the Indian nations. Spanish claims in the West and explored and short and long term results of expedition defined.

From the Paper
"Thomas Jefferson won approval for and then began planning an expedition to the west to explore new uncharted lands. He went to his friend Meriwether Lewis and Lewis' friend William Clark to lead this new twenty five hundred dollar, later adding up to over thirty-eight thousand dollars, expedition. Although the well-known reason for this dangerous, unknown expedition was to see if the land was livable for the large American population which was condensed mostly within fifty miles of the Atlantic Ocean, that barely scratches the surface of what Jefferson had in mind for this long trip. Not only did he want to know if the land would support his taxpaying citizens, but he wanted to know about the numbers and military capabilities of Spanish and French peoples in the areas. Furthermore, he wished to have expanded knowledge of the Indians and their trade, and to ally with these Indians in an attempt to establish trade and create a profit. Lewis and Clark headed off into the unknown with limitless credit and limitless expectations of what they would find and report to home. The underlying question was what would this expedition do for the expansion of American settlers into the frontier and their safety once there."

Tags:clark, expansion, expedition, jefferson, lewis, meriwether, william

Abstract
This paper explains that Lewis and Clark were not the first explorers to cross North America by land, but the Lewis and Clark expedition was monumental because President Thomas Jefferson arranged the journey, the expectations of the expedition, the members of the Corps of Discovery and the overall achievements. The author points out that some of the major achievements were knowledge gained about the Western lands through the maps of rivers, mountains and terrain, the discovery of almost 400 new species of plants and animals and the strengthening of the American claims on the territories of the West. The paper relates that not only are the names of Lewis and Clark famous from this expedition but also the names of York, a black slave, and Sacagawea, an Indian woman.

Outline
I. Why Jefferson wanted the West
A. It was a really long distance to travel
B. States allowed access to Louisiana
1. Louisiana obtained through Louisiana purchase
2. New Orleans had access to world through port
C. Land important status symbol
1. Jefferson and Washington both Virginia land owners
D. Vision of coast to coast land united
II. Preparing for the Expedition
A. Earlier explorer had made the journey
B. Congress made decision
1. Expedition would have twelve men
2. Would have budget of $2500
C. Group would need wide knowledge
1. Botany
2. Geology
3. Wildlife
4. Mapping terrain
III. Establishment of group
A. Dubbed "The Corp of Discovery"
B. Jefferson elected Captain Meriwether Lewis
C. Clark elected partner William Clark
D. Clark brought Black slave York
E. Joined later by Native American woman Sacagawea
F. Only member to die on trip was Sergeant Charles Floyd
IV. The Journey
A. Began May 14 from Camp Dubois
B. Followed Missouri River
C. Camped at Fort Mandan for first winter
D. Traveled west, crossed Rocky Mountains
E. Reached West coast in December 1805
F. Spent second winter at Fort Clatsop
G. Back home September 1806
V. Achievements
A. Knowledge of West
1. Rivers
2. Mountains
3. Terrain
B. New Species
1. Plants
2. Animals
C. Paved way for American expansion
1. Fur trade
2. Naive American contact
3. Claims on Western territories
D. Would guide Pioneers on part of Oregon Trail
E. Social Achievement through voting
1. Black slave
2. Native American woman
VI. Conclusion

From the Paper
"The expedition would eventually be called the Corps of Discovery, and would have between thirty and forty members in total. Jefferson himself selected the leader for the group, a captain named Meriwether Lewis. Lewis was allowed to select his own partner, and chose William Clark. An interesting fact about Clark is that although he was known by the other members of the expedition, as well as by many history books, as a captain, he was in fact only a Lieutenant, apparently because of delays in Army paperwork. Also on the mission was York, who was the Black slave of Clark. Later on the journey, they would be joined by a Native American woman names Sacagawea, who was of the Shoshone/Hidasta tribe."

Tags:missouri, oregon-trail, jefferson, maps, indians

Abstract
The paper relates that Oliver Goldsmith's play, "She Stoops to Conquer" was a directed by Max Stafford-Clark at the acclaimed National Theatre in Bath and on tour with the troupe. The paper examines how Stafford-Clark highlights the dysfunction of a "restoration" family, the Hardcastle's, while allowing the characters to be warm and witty. The paper shows how Stafford-Clark successfully leads the actors and the rest of the team to realize the artistic vision that Goldsmith intended with an integrated collaboration of design and acting. The paper asserts that Stafford-Clark has been one of the most important forces in British theatre in the last four decades and his contribution to "She Stoops to Conquer" is another example of this encouraging direction ("Professor").

From the Paper
"Oliver Goldsmith's play, "She Stoops to Conquer" was a directed by Max Stafford-Clark at the acclaimed National Theatre in Bath and on tour with the troupe. Stafford-Clark highlights the dysfunction of a "restoration" family, the Hardcastle's, while allowing the characters to be warm and..."

Tags:play, director, critique

Abstract
This paper explains that Clark Hull was an objective behaviorist, who never considered the conscious or any mentalistic concepts but rather made every attempt to reduce every psychological concept to physical terms. The author points out that Hull viewed the drive as a stimulus, arising from a tissue need, which in turn stimulates behavior and that the strength of the drive is determined upon the length of the deprivation or the intensity of the resulting behavior. The paper relates that, although Hull's theories were very popular for many years, late in life, even before the futility of his modeling endeavors became evident, Hull finally admitted that his system probably applied only to hungry rats.

Table of Contents:
Introduction to Clark Hull
Clark Hull's Ideas on Motivation and Behavior
Clark Hull's Theory
Investigative Strategy
Drive and Reinforcement
Habit and Behavior
Evidence Regarding Drive Reduction
Purpose and Incentive
Habit Family Hierarchies
Oscillation and Thresholds

From the Paper
"Clark Hull believed that human behavior is a result of the constant interaction between the organism and its environment. The environment provides the stimuli and the organism responds, all of which is observable. However, there is a component that is not observable, the change or adaptation that the organism needs to make in order to survive within the environment. Hull explains, "when survival is in jeopardy, the organism is in a state of need (when the biological requirements for survival are not being met) so the organism behaves in a fashion to reduce that need.""

Tags:formula, mathematics, stimulus, alternative