Abstract
This paper discusses Joe Clark's book "Laying Down the Law" as being one of the most thought provoking works on the needs of the secondary education system ever written. The writer of this paper focuses on the appointment of Joe Clark as Principal of Eastside High School in N.J. and his unique courage, brilliance, leadership, administrative skills and pure devotion to the process of educating of our youth which put Clark in a category all his own. This paper discusses the media attention given to Clark by exposing his plan in the creation of "magnet" schools which resulted in changing secondary education across America.

From the Paper
"Joe Clark too is well qualified to not only do the job he did, but become the leader he became in the reform of Secondary Education during the just past decade. He was raised in the ghetto of Newark, New Jersey and boot-strapped himself and his family out of the terrible grip of poverty his life was entangled in. He did so by hard work, education and most importantly of all "applying the knowledge I've gained." This he did boldly, almost reverentially, and his innovative Conservatism became contagious."

Tags:education, joe, clark, biography, youth, magnet, school

Abstract
This paper reviews the career of Tim J. Clark of the University of California at Berkeley, a noted expert on French art and politics of the 19th and 20th centuries. In 'Farewell to an Idea - Episodes from a History of Modernism', Clark explains from the late 18th century, the combined history of modernist art and socialist politics. The paper discusses how this view of developments is actually quite common in an idea of modernism and socialism having emerged and progressed at the same time but as Clark points out, there is an error to avoid in seeing a linear progression.

Tags:clark, modernism, socialism

Abstract
A narrative of the expedition across the United States performed by Lewis and Clark including politics at the time, Jefferson's influence and goals and successes of the "Voyage of Discovery." A description is also given of geographic characteristics, Sacajawea and the Indian nations. Spanish claims in the West and explored and short and long term results of expedition defined.

From the Paper
"Thomas Jefferson won approval for and then began planning an expedition to the west to explore new uncharted lands. He went to his friend Meriwether Lewis and Lewis' friend William Clark to lead this new twenty five hundred dollar, later adding up to over thirty-eight thousand dollars, expedition. Although the well-known reason for this dangerous, unknown expedition was to see if the land was livable for the large American population which was condensed mostly within fifty miles of the Atlantic Ocean, that barely scratches the surface of what Jefferson had in mind for this long trip. Not only did he want to know if the land would support his taxpaying citizens, but he wanted to know about the numbers and military capabilities of Spanish and French peoples in the areas. Furthermore, he wished to have expanded knowledge of the Indians and their trade, and to ally with these Indians in an attempt to establish trade and create a profit. Lewis and Clark headed off into the unknown with limitless credit and limitless expectations of what they would find and report to home. The underlying question was what would this expedition do for the expansion of American settlers into the frontier and their safety once there."

Tags:clark, expansion, expedition, jefferson, lewis, meriwether, william

Abstract
This paper explains that Lewis and Clark were not the first explorers to cross North America by land, but the Lewis and Clark expedition was monumental because President Thomas Jefferson arranged the journey, the expectations of the expedition, the members of the Corps of Discovery and the overall achievements. The author points out that some of the major achievements were knowledge gained about the Western lands through the maps of rivers, mountains and terrain, the discovery of almost 400 new species of plants and animals and the strengthening of the American claims on the territories of the West. The paper relates that not only are the names of Lewis and Clark famous from this expedition but also the names of York, a black slave, and Sacagawea, an Indian woman.

Outline
I. Why Jefferson wanted the West
A. It was a really long distance to travel
B. States allowed access to Louisiana
1. Louisiana obtained through Louisiana purchase
2. New Orleans had access to world through port
C. Land important status symbol
1. Jefferson and Washington both Virginia land owners
D. Vision of coast to coast land united
II. Preparing for the Expedition
A. Earlier explorer had made the journey
B. Congress made decision
1. Expedition would have twelve men
2. Would have budget of $2500
C. Group would need wide knowledge
1. Botany
2. Geology
3. Wildlife
4. Mapping terrain
III. Establishment of group
A. Dubbed "The Corp of Discovery"
B. Jefferson elected Captain Meriwether Lewis
C. Clark elected partner William Clark
D. Clark brought Black slave York
E. Joined later by Native American woman Sacagawea
F. Only member to die on trip was Sergeant Charles Floyd
IV. The Journey
A. Began May 14 from Camp Dubois
B. Followed Missouri River
C. Camped at Fort Mandan for first winter
D. Traveled west, crossed Rocky Mountains
E. Reached West coast in December 1805
F. Spent second winter at Fort Clatsop
G. Back home September 1806
V. Achievements
A. Knowledge of West
1. Rivers
2. Mountains
3. Terrain
B. New Species
1. Plants
2. Animals
C. Paved way for American expansion
1. Fur trade
2. Naive American contact
3. Claims on Western territories
D. Would guide Pioneers on part of Oregon Trail
E. Social Achievement through voting
1. Black slave
2. Native American woman
VI. Conclusion

From the Paper
"The expedition would eventually be called the Corps of Discovery, and would have between thirty and forty members in total. Jefferson himself selected the leader for the group, a captain named Meriwether Lewis. Lewis was allowed to select his own partner, and chose William Clark. An interesting fact about Clark is that although he was known by the other members of the expedition, as well as by many history books, as a captain, he was in fact only a Lieutenant, apparently because of delays in Army paperwork. Also on the mission was York, who was the Black slave of Clark. Later on the journey, they would be joined by a Native American woman names Sacagawea, who was of the Shoshone/Hidasta tribe."

Tags:missouri, oregon-trail, jefferson, maps, indians

Abstract
The paper relates that Oliver Goldsmith's play, "She Stoops to Conquer" was a directed by Max Stafford-Clark at the acclaimed National Theatre in Bath and on tour with the troupe. The paper examines how Stafford-Clark highlights the dysfunction of a "restoration" family, the Hardcastle's, while allowing the characters to be warm and witty. The paper shows how Stafford-Clark successfully leads the actors and the rest of the team to realize the artistic vision that Goldsmith intended with an integrated collaboration of design and acting. The paper asserts that Stafford-Clark has been one of the most important forces in British theatre in the last four decades and his contribution to "She Stoops to Conquer" is another example of this encouraging direction ("Professor").

From the Paper
"Oliver Goldsmith's play, "She Stoops to Conquer" was a directed by Max Stafford-Clark at the acclaimed National Theatre in Bath and on tour with the troupe. Stafford-Clark highlights the dysfunction of a "restoration" family, the Hardcastle's, while allowing the characters to be warm and..."

Tags:play, director, critique

Abstract
This paper explains that Clark Hull was an objective behaviorist, who never considered the conscious or any mentalistic concepts but rather made every attempt to reduce every psychological concept to physical terms. The author points out that Hull viewed the drive as a stimulus, arising from a tissue need, which in turn stimulates behavior and that the strength of the drive is determined upon the length of the deprivation or the intensity of the resulting behavior. The paper relates that, although Hull's theories were very popular for many years, late in life, even before the futility of his modeling endeavors became evident, Hull finally admitted that his system probably applied only to hungry rats.

Table of Contents:
Introduction to Clark Hull
Clark Hull's Ideas on Motivation and Behavior
Clark Hull's Theory
Investigative Strategy
Drive and Reinforcement
Habit and Behavior
Evidence Regarding Drive Reduction
Purpose and Incentive
Habit Family Hierarchies
Oscillation and Thresholds

From the Paper
"Clark Hull believed that human behavior is a result of the constant interaction between the organism and its environment. The environment provides the stimuli and the organism responds, all of which is observable. However, there is a component that is not observable, the change or adaptation that the organism needs to make in order to survive within the environment. Hull explains, "when survival is in jeopardy, the organism is in a state of need (when the biological requirements for survival are not being met) so the organism behaves in a fashion to reduce that need.""

Tags:formula, mathematics, stimulus, alternative

Abstract
This paper explores the impact of Thomas Jefferson's character on the famous Lewis and Clark expedition. The paper explains how Jefferson's character influenced the objectives of the expedition itself as well as the personality of Meriwether Lewis thereby affecting the expedition-related tasks completed by both Lewis and William Clark.

From the Paper
"Thomas Jefferson is perhaps one of America's most admired early statesmen. He is often seen as a man of complex and exemplary character, who through his many efforts played a crucial role in the formation of the new American nation. Jefferson's character was indeed noteworthy, as he was both a known admirer of the natural world, a profound proponent of democracy, and a noted scholar with wide interests. As a child, Jefferson was schooled in a variety of subjects, including Latin and Greek, and he retained an appreciation for learning through his life. In speaking of his ability to read Greek and Latin authors in their original, he noted "I thank on my knees him who directed my early education for having put into my possession this rich source of delight" (Peterson, 7). He was both a diligent student, and developed a love of nature (Peterson)."

Tags:american, nation, early, statesman, democracy, scholar, indian, affairs, west, missouri, river

Abstract
This paper explains that Lewis and Clark managed to adhere to their objectives for the expedition handed out by Jefferson, including proclaiming American sovereignty in the West, advancing American trade, and promoting peace between Indian tribes, while attempting to establish a peaceful and profitable relationship with the Native American tribes. The author points out that, during their expedition, Lewis and Clark encountered nearly 50 Native American tribes, each with distinct and often characteristic responses to the white presence; some tribes provided the expedition with a great deal of assistance, others hindering the expedition. The paper relates that the expedition's plans to bring peace between the Indian tribes meant that the Americans would provide guns to the Nez Perces and the Shoshones; the Blackfoot opposed this plan, fearing that it would hurt their power in the region; therefore. the Blackfoot warriors tried to steal the expedition's guns.

From the Paper
"Promoting peace between the Native American tribes was a complex process for which Lewis and Clark were little prepared. The Lewis and Clark expedition came upon the American Natives long after complex and lengthy histories of intertribal warfare had developed, making any intervention by the expedition temporary at best, and futile, at worst. The intricate trade network systems among the native tribes played an enormous role in the relative successes and failures of Lewis and Clark's inroads into Native American culture. Lewis and Clark knew little of the complexities of trade among the tribes, including the demanding and complex trade alliances between the Assiniboine and Manda/Hidata, and the trade between the Arikara and Teon Sioux."

Tags:sacagawea, sovereignty, trade, peace, assistance

Abstract
This paper discusses how Alan Greenspan, Jim Clark, and John Meriwether possess abilities unfathomable to normal men ,and even men in their respective fields in both the public and private sectors. Alan Greenspan is chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Jim Clark is the founder of Silicon Graphics, Netscape, and what is now Heatheon/WebMD, and John Meriwether is the founder of Long Term Capital Management. It looks at how their power and positions reflect their ability to lead and control and how their capability to manipulate and manage their workers or co-workers allowed for them to be able to shift the focus to their personal agendas. It shows how, by installing senses of family and loyalty in their work force, all these men gained the respect of those around them. By being the leaders that they are, they are able to forever change the world we live in.

From the Paper
"Jim Clark was a leader like Greenspan in the sense he was able to get people to do what he wanted, but Clark led through innovation and excitement where as Greenspan lead through knowledge and leverage. Among current day business figures, few inspire more devotion and dedication from their followers than Clark. All he has to do is announce a new idea and the talent, as well as the money arrives immediately. Jim Clark, founder of Silicon Graphics, Netscape and what is now Heatheon/WebMD, has an ability to express groundbreaking ideas in a way that attracts both start-up capital and technical expertise. Yet the actual execution of these "New New" ideas, the routine tasks of creating a company, getting and paying employees, etc. have generally been left to others."

Tags:economy, federal, reserve, netscape, silicon, capital, management

Abstract
This paper stated that President Jefferson commissioned the Lewis and Clark Expedition to do what other explores had failed. The paper describes in detail the actual journey. The paper discusses that Lewis and Clark succeeded in many areas: Opened the U.S. from the Missouri River north to the Pacific Ocean, mapped and described the areas in detail (invaluable to later settlers), discovered many previously unknown species of fauna and established contact the Indians.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Preparations
Up the Missouri
Toward the Pacific
The Return Trip
Importance of the Expedition
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The group traveled in two canoes of a type called pirogues and a 55 foot keelboat, propelled by sail and oars. All summer, they traveled up the Missouri. The days were often hot and muggy and then freezing cold. Mosquitoes tormented them and rain squalls drenched the men and boats. Sand bars slowed their progress. Seldom did the expedition make more than fourteen miles a day. There were some disciplinary problems and two desertions. The only man to die on the expedition succumbed to appendicitis during this time. "

Tags:Missouri, River, exploration