Abstract
This paper explains that, though the theme of the Berlioz's 5th Movement, "Dream of a Witches' Sabbath," might suggest a dark or boding tonal element, the focus of this work as a lively piece that integrates images of the trivial and excitable relates a different perspective on this theme. The author points out that Berlioz initiates the "idee fixe" with the use of a clarinet, which appears to suggest a kind of dance movement, integrating timpani and brevity in order to maintain some question as to the purpose of the dance. The paper states that there are musical elements that further contextualize the dance, creating a quick-moving segment utilizing violins and violas, which create darkness in the sound quality that underscores the contrast between exuberance and loss.

From the Paper
"These factors are related to the alternative interpretation in the immediacy of the contemplative nature of the dramatic personae in Berlioz's work. The use of this component shapes the perspective integrated into the work and also sets the stage for change. It is not surprising, then, that the fast pace of the dance segment and the liveliness presented can sometimes be used to interpret a different meaning from the work. Further, Berlioz also sets apart the elements of doom, including the introduction of the Dies Irae, which is a mass-like component that suggests dread or doom. This element is based on the belief that the Witches Sabbath is defined by death or by the death of an individual and the need to be a part of a burial process, all of which also demonstrate the loss inherent in the work."

Tags:fugue, interpretation, clarinet, violin, dance

Abstract
The paper discusses Benny Goodman's musical style of classical clarinet, swing and big band and the creation of the Benny Goodman Trio, another development in the evolution of Goodman's style. The paper then relates how he brought swing music into national recognition and continued with a period of bop music. The paper asserts that the evolution and development of a variety of styles is what makes Goodman such an accomplished musician.

From the Paper
"Benny Goodman is one of the biggest names in not only jazz, but also American popular music as well. Born in 1909, he is most known for his work as a composer and jazz clarinetist; however, he was also an excellent saxophone master and classical musician as well. Throughout the years, Goodman's musical evolution included stylistic elements of classical, New Orleans jazz, big band, more intimate combos, and bop music. He is said by many to be the master of big-band swing music, but also explored smaller combos in which he gave great showcases to upcoming artists. The disciplined and multi-faceted nature of his stylistic techniques proves his mastery as an artist and earns him his enormous reputation."

Tags:swing, jazz, big, band, clarinet, composer

Abstract
This paper explores the life and works of Sidney Bechet, the great soprano saxophonist and one of the most innovative and original clarinetists in jazz. The author describes the key quality that Bechet brought to jazz was his musical freedom, his Creole heritage and the musical influence of his family. Bechet's music is all about singing and he truly seemed to find his voice when he mastered the sax and was a great improviser with a passion for life as well as music.

Table of Contents

About Sidney Bechet
Musical Style
Soprano Sax and Clarinet
Other Instruments
Comparing Styles through his Music
Literature Review
Summary
Bibliography

From the Paper
"Sidney Bechet was a pioneer jazz musician who changed the music of his time into a unique art form. Considered to be one of the greatest jazz musicians of New Orleans, Bechet was an innovator on both the clarinet and saxophone. His music changed jazz music forever and inspired countless musicians of all types.
Bechet was born in New Orleans in May 1897. He was of Creole ancestry and grew up in a middle class neighborhood. He was greatly influenced by music, as his father, a shoemaker, played the flute as a hobby, and his four brothers played various instruments, as well. (Chilton)"

Tags:new, orleans, soprano, saxophonist, clarinetist, musical, freedom, music, Creole, sing, singing, improviser