Abstract
This paper, presented as a research proposal, explores several topics relating to medical malpractice claims including whether or not increased claims result in decreased quality care. This paper discusses how on-going medical litigation impacts a patient's access to quality and specialized healthcare services. Thie researcher of this brief, yet concise, paper proposes to poll a sampling of 50 patients and 20 physicians using a tailored questionnaire to determine the extent to which patients and physicians feel malpractice claims have in fact impacted on the quality of healthcare. This writer also intends to analyze the medical malpractice claims from Denver's Bureau of Health Services from 1990 and up to the present.

Table of Contents:
Introduction/Background to Problem
Hypothesis
Literature Review
Research Design
References

From the Paper
"Boulard cites many studies that clearly show the increasing costs of malpractice insurance affect specialist care. In 2002 alone more than 60 specialists at one critical care facility in Las Vegas left their jobs after another malpractice premium spike. The crisis results in closure of a 24-hour critical care center. The crisis emphases the potential for not only reduced care but complete lack of access to care for hundreds of patients in similar situations. While legislatures are working on solutions to such problems, the issue is far from resolved. In some medical facilities, physician assistants and nurse practitioners are performing procedures doctor's once did, simply because the cost of medical malpractice is too high for doctors to perform procedures themselves."

Tags:legal, medical, healthcare, lawsuit, patient, care, research, proposal

Abstract
This paper provides Lewis' account of the metaphysical ground for modal claims, and also presents his rationale. The paper considers the most serious objection to this account and discusses Lewis' best response to that objection. The paper asserts that the theory of modal realism and the claims derived from it appears to be farfetched but it does allow for a theoretical framework to understand and expand on conventional ways of seeing the world.

From the Paper
"Lewis is concerned about modal questions that mainly revolve around the word `if'. The questions focus on what has to take place as opposed to what could happen if certain conditions were changed. Mainly, Lewis is concerned with what is possible or impossible. These questions have implications for such issues as the laws of nature and causation, chances and probabilities, and cause and effect. This paper will provide Lewis' account of the metaphysical ground for modal claims, and will also present his rationale. The most serious objection to this account will be..."

Tags:modal, realism, value

Abstract
This paper examines if it is possible to find a solution to the problem of whether or not the veil of incorporation should be lifted as regards tort claims. It looks at how claims the only solution is to enact statutory tort law reform in England and provides an example of a leading case.

From the Paper
"This research paper examines if it is possible to find a solution to the problem of whether or not the veil of incorporation should be lifted a regards tort claims. A solution can be found but only if statutory tort..."

Tags:corporate, veil, sham, fraud, formalistic, tort, law, reform

Abstract
This essay discusses Descartes' claim that knowledge must be based upon clear and distinct ideas, as our senses can deceive us. The writer gives examples of events that we cannot take for granted that we understand. The paper discusses the validity of Descartes' claims.

From the Paper
"A Critical Account of Descartes' Claim that Knowledge Must be based on Clear and Distinct Ideas, Because our Senses can Deceive Us Most people are quite certain that they have knowledge of the world around us. For example, I am certain I am typing this essay, and you the reader are presumably certain you are reading it and about to grade it. However, Descartes set out to show that we cannot be certain about such things, and that in fact our knowledge must be based on clear and distinct ideas. He did this so convincingly and persuasively that his work on epistemology is still studied today."

Tags:descartes, knowledge, doubt

Abstract
The paper looks at the 1946 Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA) that allowed the United States government to be sued, as well as employees of the federal government that were considered liable with regard to negligence. However, the paper reveals that since the Act was passed, the ability of private entities to sue the federal government has been limited through both the discretionary power of the courts and the security issues that face the United States.

From the Paper
"In 1946, the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA) was created by the United States Congress. For the first time in history, the Act allowed the United States government to be sued, as well as employees of the federal government that were considered liable with regard to negligence. However, since the Act was passed the ability of private entities to sue the federal government has been limited through both the discretionary power of the courts and the security issues that face the United States. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 specifically addressed the FTCA,..."

Tags:ftca, justice, security

Abstract
The paper discusses how the First Nations land claims, an ongoing saga in Canadian political and legal circles, are as a result of the Aboriginal culture's different attitudes towards land and property. The paper refers to the book "Green Grass Running Water" by Thomas King and shows how it partly reflects the differences between Aboriginal and white Canadian society in their distinct understandings of land and property.

Outline:
Introduction
Distinct Cultures, Distinct Concepts
The Roots of Difference
Lost in Translation

From the Paper
"One of the fascinating aspects of the interaction of First Nations culture and European settler culture in the early years of Canada was how the two peoples often seemed to be speaking as "cross purposes" to one another. This applies particularly to the concept of land and its use. While both First Nations peoples and European settlers saw the land as a resource that could be used to support human survival, the First Nations peoples seem to have been surprised at the devastation the European settlers imposed on the environment that had supported Aboriginal populations for centuries."

Tags:property, settlers, wildlife, buffalo, Europeans

Abstract
The paper provides a review of a July 2009 article from the New York Times on the increasing number of claims for unemployment benefits - both extended and initial benefits. The article is attached to the paper's summary and analysis.

From the Paper
"The article reviewed herein was drawn from the July edition of The New York Times. Titled "New Jobless Claims Fall as Long-term Filings Rise", the Associated Press article provided an overview of the current level of claims registered for Unemployment insurance, focusing on the finding that as of the first week of July, the number of newly laid-off workers filing initial claims for jobless benefits fell to its lowest level since January of ... This was due, according to the article, to the changes taking..."

Tags:unemployment insurance, job lay-offs

Abstract
The paper examines land claims disputes and related issues. The paper begins with the history of
the oppression and subjugation of the native people and discusses how the governments' of North America established control over the indigenous Canadians and Native Americans. The paper further reveals how the nature and history of the European colonization and settlement of North America are paramount to the conflicts, issues and challenges, especially concerning claims to the land, that were presented at the time.

From the Paper
"Beginning in the early eighteenth-century, native peoples in both Canada and the United States were subjugated and oppressed for more than two-hundred years as the Canadian and American governments established political, economic, social, and cultural dominance over native tribes and their lands. Comparing issues related to land claims, conflicts involving indigenous Canadians and Native Americans, and majority culture governments reveals that indigenous peoples face many similar challenges due to the nature and history of the European colonization and settlement of North America. While both indigenous Canadians and Native Americans have legitimate land claims and a host of other justified grievances, historians are in general agreement that American.."

Tags:land, claims, conflicts

Abstract
This paper refers to Center for Corporate Ethics materials and Walmart publications to indicate areas of corruption, unethical business practices and low corporate governance and accountability. The writer discusses that Walmart at best warrants a score of 5 out of 10 given generously. Its prognosis is probably good if responding to criticisms with practical reforms, the organization's infrastructure already in place as the world's largest retailer. The writer maintains that proper governance and ethical-legal standards would salvage the organization.

From the Paper
"Wal-mart is the now world's largest retailer. When the organization's Annual Report is investigated in relation to other materials, one sees a corporation to manage a performance level of `D'. The headings appearing on the Corporate Report Card when explored indicate several areas in which Wal-mart must improve to avoid litigation and further adverse publicity. Wal-mart features more than one defect detrimental to workers and to the communities in which Wal-mart chooses to operate. The next pages refer to Report Card categories and the corporation's performance in Yes/No responses followed by explanation."

Tags:ethics, corruption

Abstract
It argues that they should be settled for legal reasons and for moral reasons. Also, it is important for Native people and Native development that they exert jurisdiction over their communities.