Abstract
This paper examines how the circadian rhythm is a very important biological rhythm to every living organism on Earth except for plants. The paper relates that circadian rhythm is important to different bodily functions and allows organisms to keep a mental clock of the world around them. The paper also looks at how our circadian rhythm is affected by different stimuli and how it prepares us for the next 24-hour day.

From the Paper
"Disruptions in circadian rhythms can have an effect on serious situations in the professional world. As noted above in the example of workers who are at risk of disruptions in their biological clocks due to late night hours, such as truck drivers and night shift security guards, workers must regulate strict sleep schedules in order to perform the best to their ability at their jobs. It is very dangerous for truck drivers to not get adequate sleep if they are driving long distances throughout the night because it puts both the truck driver and other drivers on the road at risk while driving. Truck drivers can easily fall asleep, swaying off the road and causing horrific traffic accidents that can pose serious threats on highways. Security guards on the other hand, especially ones who guard entrances to buildings, malls, stores, and private communities, must remain awake to ensure no suspicious individuals or criminals enter the facilities they are guarding."

Tags:sleep, jet, lag, epileptic, seizures

Abstract
This paper explains that an important point that is illustrated in the "Biological Clocks, Brain Briefings" web site is the role that light, specifically sunlight, plays in affecting the activities, not only of humans, but also of mammals in general. The author points out that the Circadian Rhythm Information Web centers its attention on circadian rhythm disorders and provides three categories containing links to web sites that provide information about the topic. The paper concludes that further studies about this phenomenon may be applied to the studies of jet lag and alteration of biological clocks in the context of aging.

From the Paper
"The article cites scientific experiments conducted on animals to illustrate how circadian rhythms, and any alteration or irregularity in its pattern, may result to changes in the body's internal rhythm. The article's simple, yet illustrative, explanation of circadian rhythm disorders among animals show how sleeping disorders such as jet lags are understood on a scientific basis. Apart from circadian rhythm disorders, the article also centered its discussion on the biochemical reactions that take place in the human body in response to these circadian rhythms."

Tags:sleep, lag, sunlight, aging, disorders

Abstract
This paper takes a look at the Jazz Age during the twenties in America and how the music both reflected and inspired great social change. The author discusses the history of Jazz music, how it originated and spread and how it came to express the nature of society.

From the Paper
"The Twenties was a crazy time in America. There was crime and violence, illegal alcohol and drugs, and dancing and jazz music. Despite the depression and prohibition, jazz music was able to lift the spirits of Americans and get their knees knocking and their arms flailing. Jazz spread like wildfire through the nation, and taught Americans how to make the best of a "depressing" situation. Some jazz represents the spontaneity and confusion of the decade while the more serious jazz shows the underlying rhythm of the twenties. If one listens to jazz music from the 1920s one can sense the mood of the times, and feel the excitement that jazz brought to the nation."

Tags:20s, age, duke, ellington, jazz, music, fun, dance, express, mood, social

Abstract
This paper looks at how the 1920s was a huge decade for "jazz" and how due to the closing of the seaport in New Orleans, musicians were forced to travel up the Mississippi to find work. It also discusses the four major types of jazz: boogie-woogie, Chicago jazz, urban blues, and society dance bands and explains the difference between jazz chords and blues chords.

From the Paper
"To clarify the chord structure between Jazz chords and blues chords, you must first understand that a chord is built on the first, third, and the fifth with an added seventh. A blues song is always centered on three chords, the first chord, the fourth chord, and the fifth chord example, in the key of C the one chord is CEG based on the C scale. The fourth chord is FAC based on the F scale. The five chord is GBD based on the G scale with the added seventh making the chord GBDF. Blues is much more simple because a blues song consist of only three chords. "

Tags:boogie-woogie, urban

Abstract
This paper discusses the phenomenon of circadian rhythms. First, it discusses exactly what circadian rhythms are. The paper then discusses how the brain and environment regulate circadian rhythms. Next, the paper looks at why people sleep. Finally, the paper discusses the factors that affect how much time people sleep and are awake.

From the Paper
"Whether asleep or awake, busy with daily activities such as work, play, or eating, humans show a very complex, yet very base, form of evolutionary progress. This evolution has allowed human beings to adapt to the natural 24-hour day/night routine that is dictated by the sun's rising and setting, and also dictates when certain activities must be done. This paper will look at the biological rationale for such activity, a process known as circadian rhythm. First, circadian rhythm will be defined and explained. Then, the brain and the environment's affectations upon circadian rhythms will be discussed. Third, the reasons why human beings must sleep will be studied. Finally, the essay will investigate the factors that dictate the time invested in sleep and awake states. Circadian rhythm is what has allowed human beings to adapt to the 24-hour cycle that makes up day and night in this world."

Tags:circadian, rhythms, sleep

Abstract
This paper on Circadian Rhythms is an overview of the characteristics and specific relation to human metabolism and pathophysiology.

Abstract
The paper argues that the most important element of classical music is rhythm. The paper explains that the chief reason for this is not simply that music starts in the mind with a peculiar beat to which is subsequently added words; rather, rhythm matters because rhythm ensures unity amongst the various performers in a group and ensures that the song is predictable and understandable to the audience. Further, the paper discusses how rhythm is ultimately the one element in western music - not just classical music - that is integral to melody, harmony and to more esoteric things such as timbre and texture. Last of all, the paper argues that the peculiarities of music in the western context is what sets apart western music (classical or otherwise) from music performed anywhere else in the world. Ultimately, the paper concludes that if you do not have rhythm, you lack the solid foundation you need to become a proficient musician.

From the Paper
"The following paper will argue that the most important element of classical music is rhythm. The chief reason for this is not simply that music starts in the mind with a peculiar beat to which is subsequently added words; rather, rhythm matters because rhythm ensures unity amongst the various performers in a group and ensures that the song is predictable and understandable to the audience. Further, rhythm is ultimately the one element in western music - not just classical music - that is integral to melody, harmony and to more esoteric things such as timbre and texture."

Tags:classical, music, element

Abstract
This paper shows how many researchers identify dyslexia as a specific and significant impairment in reading abilities which is unrelated to other general or particular abilities. The present study is intended to indicate whether reading ability is significantly correlated with laterality, a hemisphere fixation that causes a weakness in the ability to associate a letter and its sound, and perception of the rhythm in sounds as possible causes and core difficulties in pathogenesis of dyslexia.

From the Paper
"Dyslexia denotes significant difficulty in language function which affects the learning process in one or more of reading, spelling and writing. Accompanying weaknesses may be identified in areas of spoken language, motor skills, short-term memory, auditory and/or visual perception and sequencing. This disorder is manifested despite conventional instruction, adequate intellectual capacity, socio-economic and/or cultural background and general motivation ("What is Dyslexia?", 1999)."

Tags:dyslexia, education, special, skill

Abstract
This essay will argue, through an exploration of these aspects of Pales Matos' work, that it was this grounding in sensual rhythm and traditional African imagery that makes him a poet with universal appeal.

Abstract
This paper explains that the research question, reported in the "Nursing Research" article "Sleep is Related to Physical Function and Emotional Well-Being after Cardiac Surgery" by Redeker e.al., is "What is the relation of daytime napping to physical function and emotional well-being?" The author points out that this reported study has a multi-center, nonrandomized, prospective design. The paper also reports that the weaknesses of the study are that preoperative data on sleeping patterns were not available, dropout caused issues of internal validity and the sample was not representative. The author concludes that a randomized, case-control design would afford more validity.

Table of Contents:
Study
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Question
Hypotheses
Study Variables
Review of Related Literature
Study Design
Sample and Setting
Identification and Control of Extraneous Variables
Study Instruments/Tools

From the Paper
"The hypotheses examined by the study were based on two theoretical models that regulate sleep patterns, namely: a) the chronobionic or circardian rhythm model of sleep regulation, and b) homeostatic model of sleep regulation. The circadian rhythm regulates the need for sleep according to the time of day while physiological homeostasis regulates the need for sleep in response to the body's tiredness due to physical exertion or extended wake periods."

Tags:sample, circardian rhythm, variables instruments follow-up