Abstract
The paper examines how snubbed by French film academics, lovingly received (generally) by the audiences, Cinema du look at first appears as a triumph of style over substance. It systematically identifies the main features of the cinema movement by referencing the works of three main directors (Besson, Beineix and Carax) and demonstrates how the movement is not simply a triumph of style over substance. It shows how beneath the surface of these films (and these directors) is an interconnected postmodern reflection of contemporary society.

From the Paper
"Cinema du look, to some extent, can also be viewed as a return to the early days of cinema, where the spectacle of the movies was paramount. The "cinema of attractions" as it is known. What is on the screen is there to amaze and astound the viewer, to be pleasing to her eye. Science fiction movies and other spectacle movies like The Fifth Element (1997), which I would argue definitely shares qualities with other cinema du look texts (fantastic colors, the "Diva" who sings an operatic number, the lack of attention to characterization and a wafer thin story) are viewed as being in a formulaic genre. The history of French cinema, and accordingly the attitudes of French establishment film critics, is the history of the auteur, and may go some way to explaining the hostility met by cinema du look amongst the French critics of the time."

Tags:beineix, besson, carax, culture, european, postmodernism, theory, wave

Abstract
This paper discusses how in his novel "The Souls of Black Folk" W.E.B. Du Bois wrote that the problem of the 20th Century is the problem of the color-line and how written in 1903, Du Bois' analysis proved correct for the rest of the century, particularly the first two-thirds of the 20th Century when Hollywood films depicted blacks as inferiors. It shows how a comparison of his portrayal of African Americans with D.W. Griffith's 1915 landmark film "Birth of a Nation" reveals a vivid contrast in the depiction of African Americans. It looks at how Du Bois portrays African Americans as a people who experience racial suffering and injustices, but also as a people with great strengths and resources who must fight as opposed to the film industry which stereotyped them as ignorant savages or grinning, dancing stooges or people who could only hold menial jobs and who lacked morals and intellect.

From the Paper
"Before the release of "Birth of a Nation" blacks remained for the large part politically indifferent to the derogatory images presented by the film industry. One historian attributes their lack of interest to the deep puritan fundamentalist roots that dismissed film as needless frivolity (Cripps 11). Another reason could be that African Americans had so many areas that required their attention that leaders did not have the time to deal with film. The depiction of African Americans in Hollywood films was horrific, with stereotypes of them as ignorant savages or grinning, dancing stooges or people who could only hold menial jobs and who lacked morals and intellect. D. W. Griffith, the single most influential director of his time, took the stereotypes even further in A Birth of a Nation,@ portraying African Americans as brutal, lusting menaces who represented a very real threat to society."

Tags:stereotype, blacks, hollywood, racial, suffering

Abstract
This paper discusses the influence of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois on the American civil rights movement. The author argues that their outlooks are still alive today in debates concerning issues such as racial and class injustice and the role of leadership in the African- American community. The paper gives a brief biography of each man and his respective philosophical outlook. The author highlights where Washington and Du Bois' philosophies diverged, and their ultimate impact on racial equality in America.

From the Paper
"The dispute between Washington and Du Bois polarized the leaders into two distinct sides, Washington's conservative supporters and Du Bois' radical philosophy (Two). Du Bois' strategy of agitation and protest led directly into the Civil Rights movement of the 1950's and 1960's. Washington's philosophy is often associated with conservative African Americans such as Justice Clarence Thomas and the Nation of Islam (Two). "

Tags:Booker, T., Washington, W.E.B., Du, Bois, slavery, civil, rights, African, Americans

Abstract
This paper discusses Du Pont's organizational structure changes, which resulted in the company's lines, strategies and leadership changing. The author relates the efforts of Du Pont to balance centralization and decentralization.

From the Paper
"In the case study on Du Pont, the growth of the company from an explosives manufacturer at the turn of the century to a company that now manufactures a diverse product line prompted executives to change the company's structure."

Tags:Du Pont, organizational structure, centralization, decentralization, multi-divisional

Abstract
The paper describes the style and themes of the story "Du Tenth Sinks the Jewel Box in Anger". The paper notes that it is clear that Feng is on the courtesan's side, her devoted concern for Master Li in complete contrast with the cowardice he allows to betray her. The paper comments on audiences, past and present, and also on Ming society as a business-minded one in which people probably enjoyed stories of this kind.

Tags:feng, du tenth, women/men

Abstract
The writer relates that he were asked to program an early cinema series for Cinematheque Ontario, the theme he would choose would be "Bad Women, Spies and Vamps: Female Gender Transgression in Early Cinema." The writer explains that the reasoning behind this choice is twofold. One, although Cinematheque Ontario is primarily oriented towards people with more than an average knowledged of film, who would be interested in more abstract, academic issues, nonetheless a programmer must consider the need to fill seats and ensure maximum audience appeal. The writer asserts that this choice of a theme would meet both criteria in that it would clearly appeal not only to those interested in early cinema, but also to those interested in gender issues and feminism. Thus, the writer posits that learning about early cinema and its gender modes can not only be educational, but it can be fun as well.

From the Paper
"If I were asked to program an early cinema series for Cinematheque Ontario, the theme I would choose would be "Bad Women, Spies and Vamps: Female Gender Transgression in Early Cinema." The reasoning behind this choice is twofold. One, although Cinematheque Ontario is primarily oriented towards people with more than an average..."

Tags:cinema, movies, film

Abstract
The paper analyzes two films "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" by Ang Lee and "The New Legend of the Shaolin" by Wong Jing and their effective channeling of both classical and slapstick innovations. The paper highlights the relationship between domestic culture, political context and cinematic approach in these films and also shows how they appeal to aspects of Kung fu mysticism. The paper clearly demonstrates how the modern Hong Kong tradition of Kung Fu cinema has had a great reach in modern cinema today, driving a use of martial arts that is secular and has no relevance to spiritual themes anymore.

From the Paper
"A nation's popular and artistic cultural output will typically share a reciprocal relationship with the identity of the nation itself. Its political, social and ethnic identity will invariably find some manner of representation--whether through a reflection of cultural norms or through a conscious or unconscious subversion of these norms--in the media through which its ideas are expressed, its iconography is conveyed and its collective psyche is examined. This is a commonality to all distinct cultures, and bears particular importance in foundation to our discussion on Hong Kong cinematography. As an island situated within Asian culture but heavily steeped in the western capitalism which has dominated the commercial mecca for over a century, Hong Kong's cultural development has been largely reflective of this schizophrenic outlook. In one regard formulated upon the implications of Chinese spiritual philosophy and on the other, the imposition of American material principles, Hong Kong has thus created its own hybrid film genre as an outpouring of this culture. Its films, whose conventions and methods share a reciprocal relationship with the history of American cinema, tend to elucidate a culture in a state of constant tension between old and new worlds."

Tags:classical, slapstick, cinema, martial, arts, mysticism, good, evil, resistance

Abstract
This paper summarizes Scott Cooper's 1989 article third cinema in the United States". It emphasizes the need for disenfranchised peoples to tell their stories from their own perspectives. The author discusses the problems of ideology. The paper also explores common characteristics of Third Cinema and Third World Cinema.

Tags:Cinema, Film, Disenfranchised, Hollywood, Culture, Methodology

Abstract
This paper looks at the problem of fracture sociale in France. The author examines this problem as seen in ?Le D?ner du Cons? and ?La Haine? and compares the two with particular attention to class and social barriers in modern France.

From the Paper:

"?Le D?ner de Cons? is a farcical comedy about a club of bored, successful and obnoxious Parisians whose lives revolve around a male adolescent game of one-upmanship. Pierre Brochant is an arrogant publishing executive who livens up his upper class existence by attending idiot dinners. The concept is discomforting, rooted as it is in an attitude of arrogant superiority."

Tags:alienation, class, cons, dinner, du, d?ner, france, francis, game, haine, idiot, la, le, race, veber

Abstract
This paper explains that Jean-Pierre Jeunet is a self taught filmmaker that treats the medium as an art form in which the details of the craft are just as important, or even more important, than the subject matter itself. The author points out that Jean-Pierre is one of few true film auteurs, who enjoys taking part in almost every aspect of filmmaking from writing the script, storyboarding, set design all the way through the editing process. The paper analyzes his films "Delicatessen" (1992), "City of Lost Children" (1995) and "A Very Long Engagement" (2005); however, the primary focus is on "Amelie" (2001), his most famous film and the first film he wrote and directed alone.

From the Paper
"While the look and style of his films come from several sources and could be highly debatable, the main themes and tone come from entirely different influences. In other words, while German expressionism can be spotted right away on the set of "Delicatessen" with its angular, shadowy and dark exteriors--neither the characters nor the overall tone of the movie goes along with the ideas of German expressionism. Satirical comedies and light heartedness do not coincide with the style of German expressionism or French new wave."

Tags:auteur, cinema fantastique, cinema du look, wide angle lenses, forerunner