Abstract
The paper explains what chromium is, where it can be found and what its basic uses are.The paper also explains its advantages and disadvantages. In addition, the paper gives a case study in order to illustrate environmental exposure to public residence.

Outline:
Chromium
Chromium health
Toxic effect
Protection and Sampling
Industrial use
Environmental Exposure
Case study
Diagnosis Tests
Distribution of Chromium
Treatment

From the Paper
"'Environmental hazards are rare these days because environmental regulations but they do occur. To illustrate environmental chromium exposure to public residence I will review a case study of a chromate-processing facility. When the waste from chromate-processing facilities is not disposed of properly, leaching from the topsoil and rocks allows it to enter bodies of water. Those that live near a chromate production facility can be exposed by airborne particulate through inhalation and by solution through ingestion if it seeps into their drinking water."

Tags:chromium, toxic, effect, industrial, use, environmental, exposure

Abstract
The paper evaluates some of the predominant methods of remediation of chromium contaminated sites. The paper notes that the methods employed are divided into two types: removal from the soil (in which various chemical extractants are used to flush chromium from the site) or immobilization in the soil (in which reducing agents are used to break down dangerous forms of chromium). The paper examines several of the more promising methods of remediation currently being employed, and concludes with a discussion and analysis of the methods in terms of their real-world applicability.

Outline:
Introduction
Remediation Methods
Discussion

From the Paper
" Chromium contamination, especially contamination of Cr(VI), is a significant environmental hazard. It will have a significant effect on the quality of the soil and the quality of the groundwater. Because of this, it is very important that effective and practical remediation techniques be developed that can chemically remove or immobilize the presence of chromium at the site. After briefly examining some of the methods currently being developed, which can be roughly divided into extractive versus immobilization techniques, there seems to be demonstrable promise in the possibility of cleaning up chromium-contaminated sites."

Tags:immobilization, techniques, phytoremediation, bioreduction

Abstract
This paper explains that, if the corrosion on aircraft is undetected or untreated, corrosion problems can lead to structural failures and, hence, pose a great safety risk. The author points out that the most popular method of corrosion prevention is the use of chromate surface treatments of the aluminum structures; however, using hexavalent-chromium compounds for surface coating is an environmentally unsound practice because chromium is well-known as a highly toxic and carcinogenic agent. The paper relates that tackling corrosion at the designing and manufacturing phase is key to successful control of the corrosion menace; proper maintenance also occupies a significant role in remedying the damage and in prolonging the life of the aircraft.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Corrosion Problem
Corrosion Control (A Design and Manufacturing Issue)
Corrosion Control by Coating
Maintenance Programs
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Cervical corrosion occurs when a corrosive fluid gets inside the joints or penetrates the coated surface. Both the forms of corrosion are dangerous and can result in cracking of the metal surface. The problem is more pronounced in aging aircrafts which are exposed to corrosive materials over a long period of time. The 1988 Aloha Airline B-737-200 incident was an eye opener to the dangers of corrosion. Due to undetected corrosion the whole fuselage of the plane got separated in mid air. This incident led to the formation of the "Aging Aircraft Task Force Steering Committee" which is currently known as the "Airworthiness Assurance Working Group"."

Tags:designing, failure, safety, hexavalent-chromium, maintenance

Abstract
The paper begins by addressing the risks and effectiveness of over-the-counter diet pills, including All (Xenical), Ephedra, Chromium, Ginseng, Chitosan and guar gum. The paper also looks at several FDA approved prescription diet supplements and asserts that the only benefit of both prescription and over-the-counter diet pills are that they encourage people to lose weight. The paper then discusses the benefits in taking dietary supplements, such as multiple vitamins, as per directions. The paper reaches the conclusion that diet pills, whether prescription or non-prescription, do not fulfill manufacturers' claims; simple diet and exercise can be just as effective without the risk, however, dietary supplements can assist in maintaining balanced nutrition.

Outline:
Definitions
Effects of Over-the-Counter Diet Pills
Effects of Prescription Diet Pills
Effects of Dietary Supplements
Who Takes Them?

From the Paper
"Diet Pills are any medication that help a person either lose weight or control their appetite so they don't consume as many calories. There are both prescription and over-the-counter weight loss products that may be used. Most over-the-counter medications do not work very well, unless accompanied by a healthy diet and exercise, both of which are usually the cause of the weight loss. Some prescription medications do assist in weight loss by preventing fat absorption (Tank).
"Dietary Supplement Pills or Nutritional Supplements are generally defined as supplemental vitamins and minerals taken due to the lack of proper nutrition through consumption of a balanced diet. These vitamins and minerals can come in the form of pill, liquid or powder and can also be herbal in nature. They can be taken to cure a known deficiency of a certain vitamin or mineral within the body, or generally taken on a daily basis to maintain and improve health.
"It would seem that the timing of the rise in popularity of dietary supplements accompanied the growth of the fast-food industry in the United States. As the nutrition of the Big Mac was questioned, so the population turned to supplements in an attempt to maintain some semblance of a healthy, balanced diet."

Tags:Alli, Xenical, Ephedra, weight, loss, exercise, fat

Abstract
This paper traces the history of emeralds from ancient Egypt, to 18th century to today's mining areas in Columbia, Zimbabwe, Zambia. It discusses the different types of emeralds, the treatments for the stone, colors, textures, healing attributes and gemstones.

From the Paper
"To the ancient Egyptians, the emerald's green color stood for fertility and rebirth. The gemstone was used to treat eye diseases. The Greeks worked the Egyptian mines during the time of Alexander the Great and throughout the Ptolemaic Dynasty. "The Greeks regarded the emerald as the sacred stone of the goddess Venus and of the Earth Goddess." (Emeralds!) "

Tags:muzo, chivor, bogota, columbia, chromium, opticon