Abstract
The paper examines studies and reports on the importance of nutrition on the fetus and on the later development of the child and adult. The paper specifically discusses the need for folic acid, linoleic and omega 3 fatty acids, choline and zinc. The paper notes that there has been an increase of community and social awareness of the importance of nutrition and the problems that result from certain prenatal dietary deficiencies.

Outline:
Introduction
Specific Areas of Nutritional Concern
Nutritional Requirements and Responses to the Problem
Conclusion

From the Paper
"These findings have been supported and verified by many other studies and reports on the subject. For example, a recent study notes that there have been calls in the profession to make nutrition a distinct pediatric discipline. This is due to the fact that, "There is growing evidence that good nutritional care influences clinical outcomes and that optimal nutrition affects long term health and development. (Van Ripper, C. 2005)
"The importance of nutrition on the development of the baby is also underlined by the knowledge that the essential differentiation of tissues and the formation of organs take place in the first trimester of pregnancy. It follows therefore that,"... providing the growing fetus with the best nutrition possible is essential. Unlike a newborn, who can cry when he or she is hungry, the fetus has to hope that plenty of nutrients will make their way through the placenta" (Dolby V., 1998)"

Tags:birthweight, insulin, diabetes, folic, acid, linoleic, omega, 3, choline, zinc

Abstract
The paper relates that during initial studies with mouse oocytes, it was postulated that once intracellular ice formation and osmotic stress were properly addressed, they should become minor or negligible problems. The paper explains that attention was focused on the medium in which the oocytes were frozen, and it was found that replacing all sodium ions in the medium with choline ions allowed mouse oocytes to be frozen effectively. The paper looks at how the effects of the plunge temperature (degree of dehydration) and thawing regimes on mouse oocyte survival (Stachecki & Willadsen, 2000) were investigated and how each of these findings supports previous assertions because they demonstrate that the composition of the freezing solution can have dramatic effects on oocyte survival.

From the Paper
"Evolution of the slow cool rapid thaw method of oocyte cryopreservation: A. Mouse oocytes: During initial studies with mouse oocytes, it was postulated that once intracellular ice formation and osmotic stress were properly addressed, they should become minor or negligible problems. Attention was focused on the medium in which the oocytes were frozen, and it was found that replacing all sodium ions in the medium with choline ions allowed mouse oocytes to be frozen effectively. The effects of the plunge temperature (degree of dehydration) and thawing regimes on mouse oocyte survival..."

Tags:oocyte, fertilization, biology