Abstract
The paper discusses the philosophical arguments about 'free will' and 'human agency,' which both focus on the capacity of human beings to act on their own. The paper looks at Marxism with regards to free will and human agency and describes the concept of alienation. The paper discusses the main classes in capitalism; the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The paper also compares free market capitalism to Marxism and contrasts their approaches to free will and human agency.

Outline:
Marxism and Free Will/ Human Agency
The Alienated Individual
The Individual and His/Her Social Class
Free Market Capitalism and Free Will/ Human Agency
Comparison of Marxism and Free Market Capitalism and Their Views on Free Will or Human Agency

From the Paper
"A similar concept is 'human agency'. Human agency states that human beings do in fact make decisions on their own and apply them accordingly to their own situations. Whether by free will or due to some other consequences that drive human beings to act is not the question. What is important is the claim that human beings can be agents of change. They are capable of altering their own conditions. Because people are seen as decision-makers, they are now regarded as under the obligation to think and apply value judgments to the consequences of their actions. Human beings are now to be held responsible for whatever decisions they make. It must be noted that 'human agency' does not merely imply the ability of the individual, rather the capacity of a group of individuals or a collective unity (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_agency)."

Tags:responsibility, Marxism, alienation, free, market, capitalism

Abstract
The paper analyzes the free trade theory and reveals that the free trade is anything but fair trade. The paper also looks at the classical and neoclassical modals of the free trade theory and its problems within. The paper reveals that when free trade is applied to the contemporary world economy, developed countries are favored over developing countries.

From the Paper
"In effect, comparative advantage implied that countries possessing advantage in producing agricultural or other simple products should relocate resources within the economy to focus on producing a specialized set of goods and vice versa. Following this dictate, many developing economies that were mostly agrarian channeled their resources to produce food commodities. On the other hand, their developed peers focused efforts on producing value goods, as they were more skilled at it. This theory had predicted that "trade between dissimilar countries implies a positive welfare effect on both countries since they can exploit their absolute and comparative advantages. Only costs of transporting goods between countries can keep them from exploiting those advantages". However, in practice developing nations focused themselves on producing goods that had lower international market value. Whereas, developed nations focused on further developing their technologies and produced goods with greater international market value. Therefore, developing nations stayed at a comparative disadvantage as compared to their developed counterparts."

Tags:free, trade, fair, trade, classical, neoclassical, problems

Abstract
The paper explains free enterprise (FE) as the principle that individual people and companies should be allowed to pursue their own enterprise without threat from over-regulation by government and from government intervention. The paper details the basic components of private property, a free press and a laissez-faire economic environment. The paper explores the benefits of FE for a state and its people if implemented correctly.

Outline:
What is It?
What Can FE Do?
Basic Underlying Components
Free Enterprise and How to Use It
Government in Free Enterprise

From the Paper
"American Free Enterprise (FE) has its foundation in the principles of free enterprise and capitalism as outlined by Adam Smith in his ground breaking work on economic theory, The Wealth of Nations: "...the basic principles were first laid down in a book published in 1776 by the Scottish economist Adam Smith (1723-1790). Known as The Wealth of Nations...it has often been referred to as ''the bible of capitalism''..."(Shaffer 1). One of the basic tenets of FE as propounded by Adam Smith and as embraced by the United States is that individual people and companies should be allowed to pursue their own enterprise without threat from over-regulation by government and from government intervention."

Tags:private, property, free, press, laissez-faire, government, intervention

Abstract
This paper examines the issue of free speech, with special emphasis on the American college campus. The writer argues that free speech should never be banned or regulated as it is a protected right under the United States Constitution. The author examines how today's college administrators wrestle with the idea of free speech at their institutions. The author concludes that free speech must exist in order for the Constitution to be protected and so students can continue to grow in their ability to ascertain fact from fiction.

Outline:
Introduction
The Subjectivity of it All
The Ultimate Decision
Conclusion

From the Paper
"As much as most individuals will agree that certain speech is hurtful to others society by and large has the ability to correct itself by ignoring or shunning those who insist on voicing opinions that are unpopular or hateful and college students are capable of the same shunning which in turn brings pressure to the speech giver to cease and desist.
We cannot pick and choose which part of the constitution we are going to protect as the entire document embodies what the founding fathers intended when they put it together."

Tags:free, speech, hate, university, campuses, First, Amendment

Abstract
This is an investigation of the attitudes and debates surrounding free trade with the United States on the Canadian side of the border during the period of 1985 to 2000. The author examines the reasons for free trade and the events that led up to the entry into agreements as well as the hopes, fears and results of free trade between the two countries with focus on Canadian fears.

From the Paper
"There are 8,893km of virtually unprotected border between Canada and the United States; the longest in the world. With over 100 years of peaceful coexistence and general friendship, it is also one of the world's most peaceful borders. It comes as no surprise then that the cultures and histories of both countries are so intertwined or, to take the more cynical view "that Canada's culture and history are disproportionately intertwined with that of the United States. Whatever position taken, the phenomena exists and as a result of this closeness have arisen more practical issues" such as concerns dealing with the environment, mutual defense and trade."

Tags:canada, employment, environment, free, fta, nafta, trade

Abstract
The debate in Canada over free trade with the United States has always been heated. Both sides have consistently pointed to evidences that appear to support their own argument. There has, for instance, been reason to believe that free trade has had a beneficial impact on Canada. But this story is somewhat more complicated since the overall impact of free trade on Canada appears to remain negative. Because the American and Canadian relationship is uneven to begin with, it has been no surprise that the United States has benefited disproportionately to the agreement.

Tags:canada, impact, of, free, trade

Abstract
This paper begins by explaining that coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death in many countries and that one of the main risk factors associated with CHD is high cholesterol. The paper shows how cholesterol levels are determined and what can be done to lower the risk. Included in this paper is a behavioral modification plan and tips for a healthier lifestyle that is free of the risk factors associated with CHD.

From the Paper
"Cholesterol forms an important function in the body; it helps to produce hormones, vitamins and some bile acids. Located in the bloodstream, cholesterol is present in many parts of the body including the brain, skin, liver and muscle tissue. However cholesterol can be lethal; high amounts in the bloodstream can lead to a build up of cholesterol and plaques (fatty deposits) on arterial walls which then narrow arteries and may result in inadequate blood circulation to the heart muscle (coronary heart disease)."

Tags:cholesterol, lipoprotein, medical, study, artery, fat, healthy, eating, diet

Abstract
This paper discusses the various phytonutrients and their structures contained in the mangosteen, acai and goji berry. Following this, a detailed discussion is provided on how these various phytonutrients can be applied to health issues ranging from cardiovascular disorders to cancer.


Table of Contents:
Definition of Free-Radical/Oxidation and Antioxidant
Phytonutrient Examination
Mangosteen
Acai
Goji
How Antioxidants Work in Relation to Illness
Anti-Aging
Skin Disorders and Allergies
Immune System
Cancer
Cardiovascular
Diabetes
Weight Control
Cholesterol
Synergy

From the Paper
"The primary antioxidants contained in mangosteen are referred to as xanthone that Rothstein (2006) claims are a new classification of antioxidants. Templeman (2003) describes them as stable "six carbon conjugated ring structures" that can be transported from cell to cell and bind to other xanthones. There are over 200 xanthones in nature, with over 37 having been identified within the mangosteen rind alone. Each xanthone has its own specific purpose. For example, gamma mangostin has anti-inflammatory properties and Garcinone E carries anti-tumor properties."

Tags:free-radical, phytonutrients, beta-carotene, pharmacokinetic, vitamins

Abstract
This paper examines Alzheimer?s; it?s aetiology and symptoms, in order to question the orthodox and alternative treatments available. It discusses the considered main causes that include zinc, copper, iron and aluminium, as well as including a brief overview of the accepted commonest risk factors. It is concluded by considering and suggesting, that ginkgo biloba is the main contender as the alternative to orthodox medicine in treating and preventing, Alzheimer?s disease.

Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Chapter 1
An Overview of Alzheimer?s Disease ? Definition, Aetiology and Risk Factors
Associated Structural Abnormalities of AD
Beta Amyloid Plaques (BAPs)
Neurofibrillary Tangles
Risk Factors of AD
Chapter 2 ? The Biometals
The ?Normal? role of Zinc
The Paradoxical Role of Zinc
Iron
Copper
Aluminium
Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress
The Cholesterol Theory
Chapter Three ? Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo Biloba as an Antioxidant and Preventative
Vitamin ?E? and Other Free Radical Scavengers
Chapter Four - The Role of Orthodox Treatments
Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), One of the Neurotrophic Factors
Selegiline
Oestrogen Replacement Therapy (ERT)
Metal Chelation Therapy
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Chapter Five ? Conclusion

From the Paper
"Copper is another essential trace mineral in the human body; it is a constituent of many enzymes and takes part in the absorption of iron and in melanin formation. Lack of copper may result in anaemia and bone changes. Estimated safe and adequate dietary intake is 1.5-3.0 mg/day for adults, and 0.4-0.6 mg/day for infants (Tortora and Grabowski, 2000). Copper plays a crucial role, with cholesterol, in nutrition and normal brain function. Recent evidence indicates that copper and cholesterol may both be important factors in the aetiology of AD. Sparks et al (2003) explains how trace amounts of copper (0.12 ppm) added to water and given to cholesterol-fed rabbits induced BAP accumulation, including senile plaque-like structures in the hippocampus and temporal lobe."

Tags:acetylcholine, aluminium, antioxidants, beta, copper, dementia, diease, zinc

Abstract
This paper reviews studies that support the theory that high soy diets have a beneficial effect on the relative density or mineral content of bones, as well as studies that have shown no connection between bone health and high soy diets. The paper concludes that, while evidence is inconclusive regarding the role that soy may play in women's health, the general nutritional benefits of soy protein are, nonetheless, well-established.

From the Paper
"Soy, a protein-rich legume, has been prominently featured in the traditional cuisines of Far Eastern cultures for thousands of years. In addition to its high protein content, soy also contains the other two macronutrients, carbohydrates and fats, as well as many vitamins, minerals and other micronutrients such as calcium, folic acid, and iron. Dietary sources of soy protein include soybeans, tofu, beans curd, tempeh, miso, and soymilk. Since it represents a vegetable source of high quality complete protein, containing all of the essential amino acids, soy is particularly valued by vegetarians, who must derive all their dietary protein from vegetables rather than from animal products.(DGPL)"

Tags:cuisine, far-east, tofu, cholesterol-free, high, protein, high, fiber, complex, carbohydrate-rich, saturated, fat, sodium