Abstract This paper discusses the perceptions of modern day China, Japan and Korea. The paper essentially argues that the misconceived notions that China, Japan and Korea are not modern countries is related to the fact that they were isolationist towards the west and because they did not follow the European modernization concept.
From the Paper "The relationship between China, Korea and Japan with the West is both complicated and filled with misconceptions. The largest misconception about China, Korea and Japan in the West is that these countries have followed isolationist foreign policies. For example, in "China Attempts to Soften Its One-Child Policy" Jessica Bernman suggests that China had isolated itself from the rest of the world and is just now beginning to open its borders (Bernman 567). Japan has also been thought of as a country that had isolated itself from the world for centuries (Toby 6)."
Abstract This paper reviews how China, Japan and Korea are often referred to as 'leaders' in the world economy. The paper discusses how each country reflects a different kind of modernization and, mainly in the post-World War II period, an accelerated development success story, just as each country indicates its own kind of economic and political achievement. This paper argues that this view of the three powers in question is most problematic, especially in view of their respective defects.
This paper consists ofanswers one question about the status of women in China and Japan, and the other discusses foreign influences on political reform in Japan.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, 2002, $ 80.95
Abstract This paper consists ofanswers one question about the status of women in China and Japan, and the other discusses foreign influences on political reform in Japan.
Tags: ASIAN STUDIES / CHINA, history china - japan
Abstract Japan is a sound economic power with immense potential. This paper focuses on all potential aspects of Japan's growth over the next twenty years and explains its progress with respect to globalization and the role of China.
Outline
Summary
Introduction
Economic Forecasting
Methodologies of Economic Forecasting
Japan Economy in 20 Years
Demographic Factors
China as an Engine for Japan's Economy
Japan's Debt and Future Development
The Economic Forecast for Next 20 Years
From the Paper "The demographic dilemma is certainly a cause for concern for Japan's economy but it appears that Japan will be able to cope with the shortage during the next 20 years. Japan has not been very receptive to the 'guest workers' for meeting its manpower requirements but a future shortage may change that situation. Increased productivity, late retirement, more participant of women in work force and possibility of using foreign workers are some of the options that can be used to meet the manpower requirement of the economy. Japan has the highest number of robots in use in the world [CIA Report on Japan Economy, 2005, the automation is another solution to the manpower shortage. "
Abstract This paper consists of the answer to one question about the status of women in China and Japan and the answer to the one question on foreign influences on political reform in Japan. (Internet) Sources.
Tags: ASIAN STUDIES / CHINA, history, china, japan
Abstract This paper discusses the real estate markets of both China and Japan with a view to first examining each country's individual, cultural, political, or sociological characteristics. In regards to Japan, the cultural and social dimension is given precedence over the political and the governmental while in regards to China the governmental and the political is given precedence over the cultural and the social.
From the Paper "Researchers for years have argued the nature and character of Asian culture in general and Chinese and Japanese culture specifically; though for various reasons. In examining these two dynamic countries within the rapidly evolving Asia-Pacific Rim in terms of their respective real estate markets, it is important to understand these two countries, and their respective cultures, independently. Though both countries are part of the collective Asian culture and all that that categorization implies: collectivist, homogeneous, Confucian and industrious, they are also polarized differently from each other. In this respect, it is paramount to examine each market differently, or rather, from a different perspective. For Japan, it is perhaps best to examine from a socio-cultural point of view."
Abstract This paper discusses the pre-WWII modernization in China and Japan in four aspects: industrialization, agricultural modernization, modernization of communication, and modernization of thought. The author gives a background study on both countries and compares their development of modernization.
Outline:
Introduction
Japan and China Compared
Modernization Compared
From the Paper "Fighting over little bits of Chinese land and large shares of control over her goods and demands for goods frequently ended in China becoming occupied by various nations, to protect their own interests from other European powers. One example is the initial occupation of Macao, where the British were concerned over the interest of France, under Napoleon in the territory, so they simply occupied and controlled it. China fought western infiltration, at the same time that she to some degree welcomed the trade in a bid toward seeking to sell surpluses in an increasingly modernized society. Yet, Opium and China's resistance to foreign influence was exceedingly challenging and from a western point of view led to the delays in modernization. It is interesting that one must consider value judgments here as the perspective of the west was that China's resistance led to reduced internal modernization, from a western perspective and a demonstrative difference between China and Japan in the development of modernization prior to WWII."
Abstract The paper relates that Russia has lost political power and economic strength since the collapse of the Soviet Union and Japan is arguably less relevant than it once was, with a slowing economy and a modest defense budget. The paper reveals, however, that China has a large labor supply, a hot economy and growing military and diplomatic strength. The paper therefore concludes that in the post-Cold War era China has emerged to become the world's second superpower.
Outline:
Russia's Post-Soviet Power
Japan Strong but Possibly Fizzling
The Case for China Conclusion
From the Paper "Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, conventional wisdom dictated that the United States was the sole, remaining global superpower. With the world's largest economy and defense budget, and the ability to influence events worldwide, there is little doubt the U.S. remains the world's most powerful country. But in the post-Cold War era, which country is the world's second most powerful, filing some of the power vacuum left by the demise of the Soviets?"
This paper explores the dynamics of a U.S.-Japan security alliance in the Asia-Pacific where America's national interests would be preserved in tandem with the emerging global order.
Abstract The paper discusses the factors that govern the present and likely future dynamics affecting the Asia-Pacific region. The paper relates the history of America's relationship with Japan, the rise of China, the North Korean military threat, the global war on terror, piracy and the potential melting of the Arctic ocean. The paper considers a range of policy options that will ensure the Asia-Pacific security framework is maintained. The paper includes several maps and an interview with a professor.
Outline:
Historical Perspective
The China Factor
The North Korean Conundrum
The Global War on Terror
Piracy and SLOC Security
The Polar Great Game
A Concert of Democracies
Policy Options for U.S.-Japan Security Alliance in the Asia Pacific
From the Paper "America has shared a bittersweet relationship with Japan since the colonial days. "In 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry aboard the battleship Mississippi arrived in Uraga, Edo Bay, demanding the opening of trade." The symbolism of the incident was not lost on the Japanese who had taken note of the carving up of China into 'Spheres of Influence' by the colonial powers and decided to sign a Treaty of Peace and Amity with the United States and then with other Western powers. Thus, an uneasy peace prevailed which continued until the U.S. declared an economic boycott of Japan in the 1930s to protect its interests in China "leading to Pearl harbor" . Japan's defeat in the Second World War led to its reinvention in the American mold with a pacifist constitution, 'Made in America' with strict stipulations on its adherence. According to the basic principles of that constitution, Japan fore swore resort to war, gave up the right to have armed forces and agreed to follow the tenets of peaceful existence in exchange for a security guarantee by the United States."
Abstract This paper is an in-depth analysis of the affects of September 11th on the Japanese economy. Several different factors contributing to the deepening recession in Japan are examined in detail, including unemployment statistics, the findings of the Bank of Japan's Tanken survey, suicide figures and corporate restructuring. The changes in people's behavior, including expense accounts, dress and spending habits as a result of this recession and the change in Japan's credit rating and its affect on how government policy is affected by this change are also discussed in detail. The author also presents some of the government's policy attempts at dealing with this problem including new economic policies, tax reform, privatization schemes and the restructuring of the banking system. The effects that this has had on Japan's relations with China, especially in its trade relations are also discussed in detail.
Extensive bibliography but no footnotes, or endnotes.
From the Paper "According to a recent article in Bloomberg News entitled "Think Japan's Economy is Bad Now" Just Wait,? the situation will only get worse.' ? ?It's here where things get ugly,? ? the article states. ? ?As unemployment rises beyond today's record 5 percent, consumers may spend less. If already frugal households buy less, corporate profits fall further and so do asset values. Banks, then, may be forced to let more companies fail, boosting unemployment and reducing corporate profits. And so on and so on.? ? This is the very cycle Japan's policy makers have been dreading for years. To date, Tokyo has held things together with ultra-low interest rates and aggressive fiscal spending. Now that borrowing costs are at zero percent and Tokyo has papered markets with more bonds than investors can use, that's no longer possible. Credit rating agencies are sniffing around Japan's finances, wondering if it's time for another downgrade."
A look at China, Japan, and Korea from 1500 to 1920 and the notion, commonly held by foreigners of that era, that these countries had grown up in isolation.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, 2006, $ 71.95
Abstract Past mistakes when writing the history of China, Japan and Korea, involved seeing these societies as having grown up in isolation from the rest of the world, until the arrival of European explorers and traders of the early 16th century. This paper helps to show that Qing China, Tokugawa Japan, and Choson Korea, did have knowledge of other civilizations, and exposure to them.
Abstract This research paper discusses the role of China in the origin, course and the outcome of World War II. Because of internal Chinese divisions, weaknesses in the Chinese Nationalist government and the priorities accorded to other theaters of war, China never played the role envisaged for it by some Allied leaders and war planners; nevertheless, events there served to enmesh Japan in an unsustainable military adventure on the Asian mainland and to weaken its overall war effort.
From the Paper "CHINA'S ROLE IN WORLD WAR II
This research paper discusses the role of China in the origin, course and the outcome of World War II. Because of internal Chinese divisions, weaknesses in the Chinese Nationalist government and the priorities accorded to other theaters of war, China never played the role envisaged for it by some Allied leaders and war planners; nevertheless, events there served to enmesh Japan in an unsustainable military adventure on the Asian mainland and to weaken its overall war effort.
1937-1941
World War II began at different times for different nations. For Britain, France, Poland and Germany, it began in 1939, for Italy in 1940, for Russia in June 1941, for the United States with the Pearl Harbor attack and the German declaration of war in ..."
Abstract This paper examines how history has had a considerable impact on Japan's relationship with Southeast Asia. The experience of the Japanese colonialism and the atrocities of the WWII participated in a persistent anti-Japanese resentment in the region with the result that Japan's foreign policy has had to deal with serious suspicion and difficulties to rebuild mutual understanding between Japan and Southeast Asia. It also looks at how the experience of the Cold War and Japan's submission to the U.S. economic and security interests have constituted an important obstacle to Japan-Southeast Asia interaction.
Outline
The Legacy of the Japanese Military Expansionism in Southeast Asia Before 1945
A Difficult Japan-Southeast Asia Interaction after 1945: The Japanese Foreign Policy Choices in a Confrontational World Order
Balance: Japan and the Challenge of Reconciling History With the Future of a More Globalised World
Conclusion
From the Paper "The Japanese historical presence in Southeast Asia thus can be considered to have participated in the development of forthcoming antagonisms precisely in this region during the Cold War. In this respect, Takashi Inoguchi's analysis of the impact of the Japanese occupation on Vietnam is particularly relevant. Indeed, he insists on the fact that Japan's colonisation of Vietnam led to a considerable exploitation of the country's resources which resulted in the emergence of nationalist movements and doctrines that would be then appropriated and exploited by confrontational ideologies during the Cold War. "
Abstract This paper provides a brief history of China, its economy and its world trade. This paper discusses the barriers that are keeping the PRC from meetings its trading goals: Fears of ideological differences, social upheaval, change and economic freedom. The author suggests that trade relations will improve when China opens its banking system to foreign banks.
Table of Contents
Overview
Brief History of China The Chinese Economy
China's Major Trading Partners
Barriers for China's Trade Growth
How the World Must Trade With China
From the Paper "This difference that Williamson addresses is one which plays a profound role in the strategy of the Chinese government when considering increasing trade relations. The Western model of capitalism is based on the belief that industry, when left alone grows and prospers within a free market economy, one that not only provides substance for its citizens but also leaves a surplus for export. In China, however, success is based on the exchange of economic advantages for political favors, major profits for technological innovation, and multilateral agreements with other Asian nations where vital resources are at stake."
This paper discusses the foreign policy of Japan and traces the history of policymaking in this country, emphasizing U.S.-Japanese relations and the reasons behind the changing faces of international relations.
Abstract This paper discusses the key features of Japan's foreign policy and also studies the reasons that exist behind its peace-oriented strategies.
The author looks at how Japan brought significant changes to its centuries-old foreign policy at two occasions during the 20th century. The paper focuses on the importance of world events which prompted Japan to abandon its policy of isolation and passive diplomacy and urged it to adopt a more positive, active and independent foreign policy.
From the Paper "In order to understand the key features of Japan's foreign policy, it is important to take a look at the history of Japan's foreign policymaking. Since the Edo period, the country was interested more in protecting its borders from foreign attacks and threats and less in developing healthy positive relations with other countries of the world. Japanese policymakers were of the view that increase in power and might would help the country secure its borders against foreign aggression, but the problem was that, in doing so, the country completely forgot about development of healthy diplomatic relations."
Tags: asia, east, international, isolation, relations, us, policymakers, edo, 20th, century, war, world, united, nations, diplomacy, economy, commerce, china, korea
