Abstract
This paper presents the personal statement of the writer who graduated from St. John's University in January 2007 with a Bachelors degree in Human Services. It describes experiences from her life and the life of her family to explain the factors that led to her personal growth and maturity. It then explains why the writer decided to pursue a career in child welfare.

From the Paper
"Getting Counseling helped Jennifer become stable, and understand the situation. I could not believe what a difference it makes talking for just one hour in an individual's life. I strongly believe that this experience lead me into my current career as you can never judge a book by it's cover. As this man seemed to be kind , but ended up being very cruel. Being objective is something I have learned through these experiences and helps me provide better assistance to my clients. In the year 2000 I started to work as a receptionist at Western Queens Recovery Services. This agency helps people to stay sober, and learn to live without using addictive substances. Here I would see how some people changed their living style. They will tell me they were glad to be able to stop drinking, because of the therapist help. Clients would tell me that the counselor would help them boost their self-esteem. Counselors were proud of their work, and they knew that most of the time they will be able to make a difference in a client's life no matter how small that difference may be. Being part of this environment made me decide what road to follow."

Tags:family, counseling, therapy

Abstract
This paper discusses cultural competence within the context of the Pacific Northwest Indians and the Alaskan Native American. The paper describes family and community approaches to child welfare practice and also looks at social and (to a lesser extent) racial constructs in these societies. Finally, the paper at various times touches upon the lessons that a careful study of Pacific Northwest culture can offer to a child welfare agent eager to do the right thing.

From the Paper
"About the Coeur d'Alene tribe somewhat less is known but it is known that kinship was bilaterally based and that the same terms were used to address a cousin from the mother's side of the family as from the father's side of the family (Frey, n.d.). Whether or not this sort of practice is still in place is hard to determine (the evidence is scant) but, to the extent that any members of the Coeur d'Alene still cling to the "old ways", it is advisable that child welfare representatives respect the fact that Coeur d'Alene families are extended and close-knit and that a child's well-being is everyone's concern."

Tags:Native American Washington State, Alaska

Abstract
The paper discusses concerns regarding the ability of service delivery models (SDMs) to give support to socio-economically challenged families and individuals in the community. The paper continues and relates that, although there is recognition of the need for welfare reform, policy changes have devolved in its efforts to support disenfranchised and socially excluded vulnerable groups. At the same time, the Ontario Ministry of Finance believes that the welfare restructuring will help the most vulnerable. In the course of this paper, these opinions are assessed and their subsequent impact on welfare services in Ontario determined. The research focuses mainly on the impact of the reforms on child welfare services and income support services for low-income families. The criteria used for the research is whether the reforms have increased the social inclusion and capacity of clientele receiving these services.

Outline:
Introduction
Welfare reforms
Impact assessment and evaluation
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The issue of welfare is not an issue that can be discussed without the need to delve in social, economic and political issues. Canada in general has been sensitive to social demographics and developments however there is also the realization that current demands on social services are stretching resources thin. Though there has been a number of a research highlighting the challenges of the current Ontario Works SDM, there is still significant room to facilitate the improvements. As it is, despite significant efforts to improve services and their delivery, the clientele of Ontario Works feel deficiencies in welfare services. There is no denying that there are parties who abuse welfare services, but this should not be the burden of people who really need welfare support. The prevailing perception is that policies have not just been unable to alleviate welfare concerns but have exacerbated concerns and limited the capacity of welfare services to respond to developing demands."

Tags:welfare, Ontario, social

Abstract
The paper examines Japan, Germany and Switzerland and compares and contrasts their different child protection policies in relation to their standards of living. The paper shows how the economic situation of a country is not essential for the well being of its children, as illustrated by Switzerland, one of the richest countries in the world but one that fails to ensure a proper support for the homeless or abused children. The paper therefore concludes that the policy one implements in a country and the means used to do this is more important than the economic situation of the country.

Outline:
Introduction
Comparison of Current Status of three States Standards of Living
Comparison of Current Status of 3 States Child Protection Services
Investigation of Public Policy
Interpretation of Findings

From the Paper
"According to a UN report from 2006, Japan ranked the country with the highest standard of living from the three countries, on the seventh position, with Switzerland on nine, and Germany on the twenty first position (Yahoo Asia News, 2006). The top takes into account various indicators related to the status of the economy such as the "average life expectancy, education, literacy, the gross domestic product per capita and other factors, to calculate the Human Development Index" (Yahoo Asia News, 2006). It can be said from this perspective that the ranking represents a rather comprehensive blueprint of the actual situation in all these countries. Therefore, as Japan and Switzerland enjoy top ten positions, Germany is immediately below the twenty mark."

Tags:Japan, Germany, Switzerland, public, welfare, violence, exploitation, abuse

Abstract
This paper discusses how compared to other countries, the United States does not have a generous welfare system. The paper reports that unlike other countries, there is no federal paid maternity leave, for instance, or family allowances and no national health insurance. The paper further discusses how ideas have changed regarding reproduction and women's roles in society, and these have made an impact on the welfare state.

From the Paper
"During the Nixon era, thinkers seriously debated establishing a universal basic income for all citizens. Some officials feared, however, that employers would "use the increased income received by the poor as an excuse to lower the wages that they pay these employees." In other words employers would say, "Well, you are getting money from the government, so you don't need me to pay you so much." They also feared that a "floor" under the income of poor families might actually operate "as a ceiling on earned income" so that the poor would actually be worse off instead of better (Block & Somers, 2003). The idea of a guaranteed annual income was defeated.
In 1988 the Family Support Act was signed into law. Single mothers on welfare had to participate in Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training Program if they wanted assistance. In 1996 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families was enacted, which limited the length of time a person could receive benefits. Thus, public programs that were once designed to discourage women from working outside their homes have been transformed and now require women to get jobs."

Tags:Social, Services, Block, Grants, child, welfare, development, agencies, Poverty

Abstract
This thesis focus looks at the correlation between child abuse and childhood depression among Latino children, in terms of whether child abuse contributes to childhood depression. The thesis focuses on the Latino community that resides in California. This community is made up of first-generation immigrants and their families, who have been born in the United States. The thesis explores what child abuse is, how it can be measured, and also what depression is, the most likely causes for depression, and how depression can be measured. The factors that contribute to all of these conditions within the Latino community are also discussed in terms of what cultural factors are important in determining the levels of these conditions within the community, both internally (i.e., culturally) and externally (i.e., socio-politically). The links between abuse (intrafamilial and inter-racial) and depression are then explored, and conclusions are drawn regarding the factors that contribute to childhood depression in this racial group within the United States.

Introduction
Problem Statement
Significance
Purpose
Latino's in the US: Characteristics and Diagnosed Mental Health Needs
Need for Mental Health Care
High-Need Populations
Availability of Mental Health Services
Access to Mental Health Services
Use of Mental Health Services
Appropriateness and Outcomes of Mental Health Services
Latino'in Society: Welfare and Minority Families
Legislative and Legal Advocacy of Latino Families
The Formalization of Informal Latino Family Supports
Child Abuse
What is Abuse?
Incidence of Child Abuse
Diagnosing Abuse
The Dimension of the Problem
Prevalence Studies
Rate of Child Abuse Increase
Potential Long-Term Effects of Abuse
Depression
Scope of the Problem
Clinical Characteristics
Risk Factors
What is Depression?
Depression in Children
Treatments for Childhood Depression
Latino's and Depression: How is Depression Expressed?
Levels of Depression in the Latino Community
Risk Factors that May Contribute to Clinical Depression
Implications in the Latino Community
Single Parents
Lack of Resources
Discussion

From the Paper
"The Latino community has it's own deeply embedded cultural values and beliefs. Obedience is an important element for a family to be considered a good family (una buena familia). For the purpose of this study, the parents may be mother and father, or possible the grandparents, all of which will be addressed as the primary caregiver.
The Latino family defines discipline as a form of corporal punishment; the caretakers themselves may have been abused as children, and therefore consider corporal punishment an acceptable way to hand out discipline. Furthermore, it is difficult to get caretakers to see that when they discipline a child with corporal punishment, they are discharging their own anger on them, in many cases inflicting more pain and injury than was originally intended. The child then feels powerless and confused, and does not have labels for those feelings, and cannot verbalize what is happening to them, physically or emotionally."

Tags:treatment, risk, health, care, psychology, punishment, discipline

Abstract
This paper discusses how poverty leads to more poverty. The writer describes how neglect leads to more neglect. The writer discusses child neglect and explains who is at the highest risk. The writer examines how can children be protected without violating the rights of the parents. Further, the writer examines the likely psychological makeup of neglectful parents.

From the Paper
"There are different types of child abuse. One type of child abuse involves neglect. Neglect involves failure to provide for a child's basic needs. Michael Reiff writes in 'Journal of Development Behavioral Pediatrics' that neglect is determined by the extent to which a child feels protected by his or her family. Reiff also explains that neglect can be physical or emotional. Physical abuse is inflicting a non-accidental physical injury of a child. This may include burning, hitting, punching, shaking, kicking, beating or otherwise harming a child. "

Tags:Neglect, abuse, child abuse, abandonment, mandatory reporting, child welfare services, mental illness and drug or substance abuse.

Abstract
While in the 1960s and 1970s, child sexual abuse and child abuse in general was almost invisible, in recent year the issue is constantly in the pages of newspapers and magazines, and in portrayals on television and in movies. It sometimes appears that there has been a radical increase in the abuse of children, although experts believe most of this is the result of better reporting and changes in the perception of abuse. Still, there is a need for response; often that response leads to an intervention by human service agencies, including the possibility of removing the child from the home. The paper questions the effectiveness of these agencies in protecting children and improving their situation. The paper looks at the evolution of child welfare concepts, explores the current state of human service agency activity regarding children and comes to a conclusion about the effectiveness of human service agencies in protecting children.

From the Paper
"This seems to echo the assertion by Wells and Tracy (1996) that there needs to be a new emphasis on out-placement of children in order to provide true child welfare services. They noted that recent practice has emphasized family preservation programs, rather than splitting-up families. However, they indicated that evidence has accumulated which shows that the intensive family preservation model has failed to protect children. Actually, that was not really its primary goal, since the initiative for the model developed in response to criticisms of Child Protective Services and their removal of children from the homes. The focus of the model, then, was to keep families together, while helping with family crises and protecting the children."

Tags:Elizabethan, Poor, Law, Social, Security, Act, foster, care, welfare

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the definition of child care. It provides interviews with married, separated and single parents and a research on an agency. The paper investigates child care costs, licensed and unlicensed day care centers and regular child care. The paper also discusses future trends in child care.

From the Paper
"Probably one of the most significant changes in child care already under way is that child care will be more family centered and more dedicated to helping parents achieve their goals. Public schools will participate to an even greater extent in providing child care, especially before-school and after-school care. Also, preschool programs are rapidly growing and these programs will ease parents' needs for child care. The number of women who enter the workforce, full or part time, will increase. In particular, women with children under three will represent the fastest-growing group of parents seeking child care. For many working parents, staying home with their children is not an option or a desire. "Federal efforts at welfare reform, which aim to make a permanent dependency on government funds a thing of the past, have tremendous implications for child care. Professionals are concerned that the increased demand for child care caused by taking parents off welfare, providing them with job training, and encouraging them to work will result in lower-quality care" (Morrison, 2000)."

Tags:SAHM, welfare, social

Abstract
This paper will cover the New York Medical Insurance Plan for Children. The study will cover the plan itself and discuss its policies for the State of New York and the children that it will be supporting. By realizing the ramifications of this plan, we can begin to understand the welfare elements of the program and how it impacts the population of New York. Also, the debates on government sponsorship of the program will be discussed alongside the objectives of voluntary services that would support the program. The aim of this study will be to understand the many facets of how medical care in the State of New York will be received, along with the main angles of the Medical Program and it's implementation.